Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “SALVIA”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Hemodynamic study on nitroglycerin compared with Salvia miltiorrhiza].

UNLABELLED: This report investigated the hemodynamic changes of both nitroglycerin and Salvia miltiorrhiza (Co.) concerning pulmonary capillary-wedge (PCW), mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), systemic mean pressure (SMP), and heart rate (HR). In 20 patients with heart diseases of normal cardiac function, nitroglycerin were compared with Salvia miltiorrhiza (Co.) using Swan-Ganz Catheter, which were self-compared. RESULT: (1) Both drugs had the similar vaso-dilating effects, reduced the filling pressure of left ventricle and increased the cardiac output but different in the time of appearance and duration, particularly concerning CO and CI. (2) The effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Co.) was markedly superior to the nitroglycerin. The action of former was more persistent and the improvement of cardiac function was better than that of latter.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza and polysaccharide sulphate on the adhesion of erythrocytes of the patients with cerebral thrombosis to cultured endothelial cells].

Salvia miltiorrhiza and polysaccharide sulphate are commonly prescribed for curing cerebral vascular diseases. In this study, we found that the adhesion of erythrocytes of the patients with cerebral thrombosis to cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells was decreased in number and intensity after the erythrocytes were treated with salvia miltiorrhiza and polysaccharide sulphate in flow field. Moreover we found that polysaccharide sulphate was more effective than salvia miltiorrhiza in preventing adherence in common doses. The two drugs' effects of preventing adherence might be an important mechanism for curing the patients with cerebral thrombosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Protective effects of radix Salviae miltiorrhizae on azathioprine hepatotoxicity in rats].

The changes of liver function and malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were studied in rats intoxicated with azathioprine (Aza) 15mg/(kg.d) and in rats treated with Aza mixed Salviae 8g/(kg.d). The results showed that in the Aza group, the levels of ALT, AKP, MDA increased and GSH decreased significantly in week 1 and week 2. But in the Salviae group the levels of ALT, AKP, MDA decreased and GSH increased significantly, approaching the normal levels, It follows that Salviae has protective effects on Aza hepatotoxicity in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Toxicity and anticoagulant activity of Salvia splendens.

Toxicological studies carried out on aqueous extract of Salvia splendens commonly known as Red Sage reveals that the drug is toxic only in higher doses and causes hemorrhages. LD50 of S. splendens is 1287.3 mg/Kg. Salvia splendens possesses anticoagulant property. The aqueous root extract of Salvia splendens increases the clotting time of dog's plasma by increasing the normal prothrombin time from 10-15 seconds to 35 seconds. Furthermore, the anticoagulant activity depends upon the part of the plant i.e. flowers, aerial parts and roots.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Metabolic studies on the total phenolic acids from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza in rats.

Phenolic acids are the main active constituents of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. The metabolism of total phenolic acids from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza in rats was investigated. A sample preparation method combining the solid-phase extraction with liquid-liquid extraction was established to separate metabolites from the biological matrix. HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS methods were employed to analyze the metabolites. Five metabolites (M1-M5) were identified by HPLC-MS analysis and comparison with those of the reference standards. The fi ve metabolites were characterized as danshensu (M1), caffeic acid (M2), ferulic acid (M3), isoferulic acid (M4) and methylized ferulic acid (M5), respectively. The possible metabolic pathway of the phenolic acids is proposed.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Abietane diterpenoids from the roots of some Mexican Salvia species (Labiatae): chemical diversity, phytogeographical significance, and cytotoxic activity.

From the roots of some Mexican Salvia species, classified in subgenus Jungia, several diterpenoids belonging to abietane (i.e., 3-7), salvifolane (9-->20,10-->6)-diabeoabietane) (i.e., 2), and totarane (i.e., 10) carbocyclic skeletons were isolated together with two 20-nor- and one 6,7-secoabietane derivatives, 1 and 9, and 8, respectively. While compounds 2-10 were previously known from different sources, compound 1 is a new 20-norabietane derivative, whose structure was deduced by spectroscopic means and confirmed by X-ray-diffraction analysis. The phytogeographical significance of the distribution of 20-norabietanic diterpenoids in the genus suggested an evolutionary link between the Chinese and New-World Salvias. Compounds 2 and 8 were tested for cell-growth inhibition activity against several human cancer cell lines and human normal lymphocytes, while 2 showed a moderate cytotoxic activity, 8 exhibited a moderate yet selective activity against leukemia cell line.

Abietanes↗
PubMed2006

Analysis of Salvia officinalis plant extracts by capillary electrophoresis.

Salvia officinalis (commonly called Sage) and similar plants contain many compounds of pharmaceutical interest and are used as a tea or in various pharmaceutical products. In this work, the use of CE for analysis of aqueous or ethanolic extracts from various Salvia plants has been studied. Especially, several buffers like borate, phosphate, acetate, etc., were examined under different concentrations, pH, separation voltage, injection time, and other parameters to find the optimal separation conditions. The optimization was also performed using experimental design and artificial neural networks. The optimal conditions were: separation voltage +20 kV, 40 mM buffer borate, pH 9.2, injection time 5 s, and UV detection at 280 nm. A new CE method has been developed, validated, and applied to analyze samples of S. officinalis from various countries.

Buffers↗
PubMed2006

Determination of salvinorins and divinatorins in Salvia divinorum leaves by liquid chromatography/multistage mass spectrometry.

Salvinorin A is the most potent naturally occurring hallucinogen known and rivals synthetic LSD in potency. Structurally it belongs to the neoclerodane diterpenoids, and it is the only known non-nitrogenous kappa-opioid-selective agonist. Salvia divinorum (Diviner's sage) is a member of the mint family that was used in ancient Mexican traditional practices. Today it is widely cultivated in Europe as a recreational marijuana substitute; it is illegal to buy, sell or possess the plant or the active principle in some countries. Six different salvinorins and three divinatorins have been isolated from Salvia divinorum leaves. The ion fragmentation, separation and quantitation of these diterpenes by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization multistage mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS(n)) are described. The importance of LC in herbal extract determination and the chemical diagnostic power of MS(n) in the analysis of classes of natural organic products are discussed.

Chromatography, Liquid↗
PubMed2006

One-step separation and purification of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid, salvianolic acid B and protocatechualdehyde from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge by high-speed counter-current chromatography.

Three kinds of polyphenols of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid, salvianolic acid B and protocatechualdehyde, were separated and purified in one step with solvent system n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-acetic acid-water (1:6:1.5:1.5:8) by high-speed counter-current chromatography. Acetic acid was successfully used to increase the partition of high polar target compounds in organic phase to modify partition coefficient value. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenyllactic acid, salvianolic acid B and protocatechualdehyde were purified from 100mg water extracted crude sample of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge at purity of 97.6%, 94.2% and 98.2% and at yield of 98.6%, 73.6% and 90.2%. High-speed counter-current chromatography together with organic/aqueous solvent system supplied an efficient method to purify water-soluble compounds directly from crude samples of traditional Chinese medicines.

Benzaldehydes↗
PubMed2006

Improving abnormal hemorheological parameters in aging guinea pigs by water-soluble extracts of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, known as Danshen in Chinese traditional medicine is effective at promoting blood circulation and removing (or decreasing) blood stasis. In the present study, we selected aging, 24-month-old guinea pigs as the animal experimental models and fed them a diet containing 75, 100 or 150 mg/(kg day) of water-soluble extract components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (WSm) for 28 days, respectively, in order to evaluate the effects of WSm on their abnormal hemorheological parameters. The results showed that the blood biochemical parameters of the aging guinea pigs remained unaffected by orally given WSm compared to the controls, except that the fibrinogen levels of the group fed the high dose of WSm (150 mg/(kg day)) decreased. Aging guinea pigs fed a low dose of WSm (75 mg/(kg day)) showed no significant difference in hemorheological parameters. However, feeding of WSm at 100 mg/(kg day) (medium dose), significantly reduced erythrocyte membrane MDA levels, which probably increased erythrocyte deformability and decreased erythrocyte flow resistance, though no improvement in erythrocyte aggregation, blood viscosity, and blood viscoelasticity could be observed. Furthermore, when the dose reached 150 mg/(kg day) of WSm (high dose), a significant decrease in whole blood viscosity was observed at high, medium and low shear rates. Blood viscosity and viscoelasticity exhibited significant improvement in oscillatory measurements. Also, we found that the oxygen transport efficiency of whole blood increased.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2005

Hepatoprotective effects of Hibiscus, Rosmarinus and Salvia on azathioprine-induced toxicity in rats.

As an anti-metabolite, Azathioprine inhibits the de novo and salvage pathways of purine synthesis. Intraperitoneal injection of this drug results in not only lymphocyte suppression but also toxicity to bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract, and liver. This Azathioprine-induced hepatotoxicity was found to be associated with oxidative damage. Plants with antioxidative properties have been traditionally used to prevent diseases associated with free radicals. In this report, we used water extracts of three herbal plants that have been commonly used for treating many illnesses (Hibiscus sabdariffa, Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia officinalis). Here we show their novel hepatoprotective effects against Azathioprine-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Typically, administration of Azathioprine induces oxidative stress through depleting the activities of antioxidants and elevating the level of malonialdehyde in liver. This escalates levels of alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotranferase in serum. Pretreatment with any of the three herbal plants used in this investigation proved to have a protective effect against Azathioprine-induced hepatotoxicity. Animals pretreated with water extracts from any of the three herbs under investigation not only failed to show necrosis of the liver after azathioprine administration, but also retained livers that, for the most part, were histologically normal. In addition, these herbs blocked the induced elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotranferase in serum. The Azathioprine-induced oxidative stress was relieved to varying degrees by the examined herbal extracts. This effect was evident through reducing malonialdehyde levels and releasing the inhibitory effect of Azathioprine on the activities of glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase. To our knowledge, this report is the first that shows hepatoprotective effects of Hibiscus, Rosmarinus and Salvia species against Azathioprine-induced acute liver damage.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Effects of Salvia officinalis L. (sage) leaves on memory retention and its interaction with the cholinergic system in rats.

OBJECTIVE: The leaves of sage (Salvia officinalis L., Lamiaceae) are reported to have a wide range of biological activities, such as anti-bacterial, fungistatic, virustatic, astringent, eupeptic and anti-hydrotic effects. To determine the mnemogenic effect of sage leaves, we investigated the effects of ethanolic extract of sage leaves and its interaction with cholinergic system on memory retention of passive avoidance learning in rats. METHODS: Post-training intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections were carried out in all the experiments except ethanolic extract (i.p. intraperitoneally). RESULTS: Administration of ethanolic extract (50 mg/kg), pilocarpine (0.5 and 1 mg/rat), the muscarinic cholinoceptor agonist, and nicotine (0.1 and 1 microg/rat) increased, while mecamylamine (1, 5 microg/rat), the muscarinic cholinoceptor antagonist, and mecamylamine (0.01 and 0.1 microg/rat), the nicotine cholinoceptor antagonist decreased memory retention in rats. Activation of muscarinic cholinoceptors by pilocarpine potentiated the response of ethanolic extract. Also, pharmacological blockade of scopolamine attenuated potentiating effect of ethanolic extract. Activation of nicotinic cholinoceptor by nicotine potentiated the response of ethanolic extract. Blockade of nicotinic cholinoceptor by mecamylamine attenuated the response of ethanolic extract. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the ethanolic extract of salvia officinalis potentiated memory retention and also it has an interaction with muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic systems that is involved in the memory retention process.

Andorra↗
PubMed2003

Antioxidant therapy with Salvia miltiorrhiza decreases plasma endothelin-1 and thromboxane B2 after cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with congenital heart disease.

OBJECTIVE: The endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 is increased after cardiopulmonary bypass in children with congenital heart defects. This study determines whether antioxidant therapy with Salvia miltiorrhiza injection, an herb extract containing phenolic compounds, prevents the postoperative increase of endothelin-1. The relationship between endothelin-1 and the endothelium-derived prostacyclin (prostaglandin I2) and thromboxane A2 postoperatively is also investigated. METHODS: Twenty children with congenital heart defects and pulmonary hypertension were randomly assigned to group A (placebo control, n=10) or B (200 mg/kg Salvia miltiorrhiza intravenously after anesthesia induction and at the time of rewarming, respectively; n =10) before cardiac surgery. Central venous blood samples were taken before operation (T(0)), 10 (T(1)) and 30 minutes (T(2)) after starting cardiopulmonary bypass, 10 (T(3)) and 30 minutes (T(4)) after aortic declamping, and 30 minutes (T(5)) and 24 hours (T(6)) after termination of cardiopulmonary bypass. Plasma lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde, myocardial specific creatine kinase-MB activity, thromboxane B2, and 6-keto-prostaglandin F(1 alpha) (stable metabolites of thromboxane A2 and prostaglandin I2) were measured. RESULTS: Malondialdehyde increased significantly at T(1) in group A and remained significantly higher than in group B thereafter (P <.05). Malondialdehyde in group B did not significantly increase over time. At T(5), plasma creatine kinase-MB, thromboxane B2, and endothelin-1 in group B were lower than in group A (P <.05); malondialdehyde correlated significantly with creatine kinase-MB (r = 0.71, P =.0005). At T(6), endothelin-1 negatively correlated with the 6-keto-prostaglandin F(1 alpha)/thromboxane B2 ratio (r = -0.64, P =.0025). CONCLUSION: Antioxidant therapy reduces myocardial damage and attenuates postoperative vasoactive mediator imbalance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Polyphenolics of Salvia--a review.

Salvia is an important genus widely cultivated and used in flavouring and folk medicines. The genus has attracted great interest so much so that it has been the subject of numerous chemical studies. It is a rich source of polyphenols, with an excess of 160 polyphenols having been identified, some of which are unique to the genus. A large number of these polyphenolic compounds are apparently constructed from the caffeic acid building block via a variety of condensation reactions. The nature of these polyphenols which have been reported is compiled in this report together with some bioactivity data in an effort to show the rapid development in the phytochemistry and the therapeutic applications of the Salvia species.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

IDN 5082, a standardized extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza, delays acquisition of alcohol drinking behavior in rats.

Recent research demonstrated that extracts from the dried roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza, a valued folk medicine in China, are effective in reducing voluntary alcohol intake in selectively bred Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats. These studies were conducted in alcohol-experienced sP rats, i.e. rats which had the opportunity to consume alcohol for several weeks before the test with Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts, reproducing the human "active drinking" phase. In contrast, the present study investigated the effect of IDN 5082, a standardized extract of S. miltiorrhiza, on the acquisition of alcohol drinking behavior in sP rats that had never experienced alcohol before the study. Consistently, the first administration of IDN 5082 (0, 25, 50 and 100mg/kg; i.g.) occurred immediately before alcohol presentation. Alcohol was offered under the two-bottle free-choice regimen with unlimited access for 24h per day. Treatment with IDN 5082 was repeated once daily for 10 consecutive days. IDN 5082 dose-dependently delayed acquisition of alcohol drinking behavior; IDN 5082-induced reduction in alcohol intake was compensated by an increase in water intake. These results add further support to the preclinical anti-alcohol profile of S. miltiorrhiza extracts.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed2003

Anti-relapse properties of IDN 5082, a standardized extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza, in alcohol-preferring rats.

Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts have been reported to suppress acquisition and maintenance of alcohol drinking behavior in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats. The present study investigated whether IDN 5082, a standardized extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza, was capable of preventing, in sP rats, the development of the so-called alcohol deprivation effect (ADE), i.e. the transient increase in alcohol intake that occurs in laboratory animals after a period of alcohol deprivation. Interestingly, ADE has been proposed to model alcohol relapses in human alcoholics. The acute, intragastric administration of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg IDN 5082 resulted in the complete suppression of the extra amount of alcohol consumed during the first hour of re-access to alcohol after 7 days of deprivation. These results suggest that IDN 5082 may possess anti-relapse properties.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed2000

Traditional uses of Salvia libanotica (East Mediterranean sage) and the effects of its essential oils.

The extract of sage (Salvia libanotica), a plant endemic to the Mediterranean region, is the most popular plant remedy used by the Middle Eastern people to treat common complaints such as colds and abdominal pain. This review paper describes the East Mediterranean sage plant, Salvia libanotica, its geographic distribution, essential oil components, and popular uses in traditional medicine. The paper also discusses the therapeutic value of the individual components present in the essential oil extract of this plant, and the complications that could arise from the irrational use of this extract by man.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Effect of nitrogen concentration of the nutrient solution on the volatile constituents of leaves of Salvia fruticosa Mill. in solution culture.

Essential oils from hydroponically cultivated Salvia fruticosa were analyzed by GC-MS techniques. Three different levels of nitrogen (100, 150, and 200 mg/L) were used in the nutrient solution for the cultivation, using the nutrient film technique. A total of 79 compounds were identified, and qualitative and quantitative differences have been observed between the samples collected at full bloom (flowering stage) and at the end of the seed formation stage. 1,8-Cineole, beta-caryophyllene, and viridiflorol were the predominant constituents in most cases. 13-epi-Manool was identified by using GC parameters and mass spectrum fragmentation pattern, whereas labd-7,13-dien-15-ol, a labdane type diterpene, was identified for the first time in the genus Salvia, using GC parameters and an authentic sample. The results obtained from GC-MS analyses were submitted to chemometric analysis.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry↗