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PubMed1994

[The principles of investigation of nasal resistance by active rhinomanometry].

Anterior (ar) and posterior (pr) active rhinomanometry is the most common technique for assessment of nasal resistancy. The curve presents the interdependence of physiological transnasal pressure and air nasal flow. Following the Versick and Clement polynominal mathematical model (delta P = K0+K1V+K2V2,0) as well as the Broms polar coordinate model best fit the recorder pressure flow data. Computer simultaneously draws the pressure/flow curve and calculates resistance at particular pressure points (75, 150, 300 Pa in ar and 50, 75, 100 Pa in pr). The paper also presents indications for application of rhinomanometry and methodology of its execution.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[Rhinomanometry].

Bearing in mind the theoretical basis of rhinomanometry, the importance of the nasal air-flow type is underlined. Flow rates, laminar resistance, indications as to the type of nasal flow and value of mixed resistance can be obtained on line by computerized rhinomanometry.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1977

Response of the nasal mucosa to allergen challenge measured by two different methods of rhinomanometry.

Nasal provocation tests with allergen (House Dust 5.0 mg/ml or Grass-Pollen 10000 Noon Units/ml) were performed on patients suffering from perennial rhinitis or pollinosis. The changes of the nasal passages before and after allergen challenge were measured by two different methods, (1) the rhinomanometry anterior (Balloon Method) and (2) the rhinomanometry posterior (V-P Method). No distinct differences were observed between results obtained by the two methods. Both are therefore considered suitable and applicable for nasal provocation tests. For a satisfactory result using both techniques, the measurements should be made within at least 30 minutes but preferably 60 minutes after the allergen challenge.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The value of computerised rhinomanometry and a simple manometry with saline in predicting the outcome of patients with acute trephined frontal sinusitis.

Infection of the anterior ethmoids and recessus frontalis causes swelling of the mucosa and obstruction of the nasofrontal duct, impairing the drainage of the frontal sinus. During the healing process the obstruction diminishes gradually. Prolongation of this process can lead to chronic infection of the nasofrontal region causing recurrent or chronic frontal sinusitis. In our everyday work we need a simple and reliable method to evaluate the patency of the nasofrontal duct, in order to be able to assess the recovery and to find those patients whose disease tends to become chronic. For this purpose we have measured the patency of the nasofrontal duct in 58 patients with frontal sinusitis after trephination with computerized rhinomanometry (RM) and with a simple salinemanometry (SM). The validity of the two methods to predict the further outcome of the patients has been compared in order to find out if SM would prove to be at least almost as reliable as rhinomanometry. Our statistics prove that SM is a useful aid in assessing the short-term recovery process of the patients. The long-term predictive value still remains to be seen.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Rhinomanometry of nasal patency in children with complete and secondary cleft palate].

The authors evaluated the morphology of nasal cavities and nasal patency using active anterior rhinomanometry in 94 children (mean age 10.2 years). Complete bilateral primary and secondary cleft palate was confirmed in 28 children (29.8%), unilateral in 66 children (70.2%), where complete right-side primary and secondary cleft palate was observed in 19 children (28.8%) and complete left side primary and secondary cleft palate in 47 children (71.2%). Measurement methods were used according to Rhinomanometric Standardization Committee. Significant relationship between nasal patency examined using active anterior rhinomanometry and complete cleft palate was confirmed. High, symmetric resistance of nasal airflow was observed in children with complete bilateral primary and secondary cleft palate. Children with complete unilateral primary and secondary cleft palate were found to have asymmetric nasal airflow, higher on the cleft side. In this group mean nasal airflow resistance was higher on non-cleft side than in population without defects, whereas on clefted side it is approximal to population without defects. In children with complete bilateral primary and secondary cleft palate mean resistances distribution was symmetric but higher than in population without defects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Comparison of rhinomanometry results and selected subjective and objective symptoms in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis].

The aim of this study was to compare rhinomanometric results with patient's assessment of nasal patency, frequency of sneezing, nasal secretion, and results of anterior rhinoscopy, 34 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were examined. Correlations of medium degree were found between the rhinomanometric results and both the patient's assessment of nasal patency and the results of anterior rhinoscopy. No correlations were found between rhinomanometric results and either sneezing or nasal secretion. This might suggest that values measured by rhinomanometry are not closely enough connected with those measured by other methods and thus rhinomanometry can neither replace nor be replaced with any other of the analysed methods for assessing upper airway status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Nasal airflow resistance measurement: forced oscillation technique versus posterior rhinomanometry.

This study was designed to determine whether nasal airflow resistance (Rn) which is nonlinear during tidal breathing, can be assessed by the forced oscillation (FO) technique. Rn values obtained by the FO technique and extrapolated to 0 Hz (Rn,FO) were compared to those assessed by posterior rhinomanometry at maximal tidal inspiratory flow (Rn,m), at a 0.5 L x s(-1) flow (Rn,F), and at a 1 hPa transnasal pressure (Rn,P). All Rn estimates were derived from the same inspiratory and expiratory nasal flow and transnasal pressure signals obtained during tidal nasal breathing whilst a forced flow was applied at the nose via a rigid nasal mask in 23 healthy volunteers, of whom 14 had additional measurements after vasoconstrictor treatment. In the basal state, no significant difference, and significant correlations (p<0.0001) were found between Rn,FO and the other Rn estimates. Only the regression line of Rn,FO versus Rn,m was not significantly different from the identity line. After nasal decongestion, Rn,P became significantly higher than the other Rn estimates (p<0.005). The regression line of Rn,FO versus Rn,m remained nonsignificantly different from the identity line. Similar results were observed regarding the percentage values of the different Rn estimates after decongestant treatment. This study shows that, despite its nonlinearity, Rn can be assessed by the FO technique, and that Rn,FO and Rn,m could be indifferently used as physiological indices of nasal patency. As the FO technique is more difficult to implement than the conventional rhinomanometry, its interest in rhinology appears not to be obvious.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1998

Evaluating the sensation of nasal obstruction with acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry.

The relationships among subjective sensation of nasal obstruction, data of rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry between individuals or for each individual were explored. Thirty-nine subjects with nasal obstruction problems were examined using the visual analogue scale, nasal airflow resistance (NAR), nasal minimal cross-sectional area (MCA), and nasal cavity volume (NCV). No significant correlation was found between the sensation of unilateral or bilateral nasal obstruction to NAR, MCA, or NCV. Strong correlations between MCA and NAR, and NCV and NAR were noted in this study. Another 10 healthy volunteers were investigated and correlation was studied on each individual level. Strong correlations within subject were found more commonly in persons with short-term follow-up than with the long-term follow-up group. In the present study, rhinomanometry results were compatible with acoustic rhinometry results. However describing the sensation of nasal patency with only rhinomanometric or acoustic rhinometric measurements seems still inadequate.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The importance of nasal resistance in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a study with positional rhinomanometry.

The importance of nasal obstruction in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has not yet been totally defined. Numerous studies have reported an association between nasal obstruction and OSAS, but the precise nature of this relationship remains to be clarified. This study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of nasal obstruction disorders in a group of OSAS patients. For this purpose, we analyzed the nasal resistance of 36 OSAS patients by performing a traditional basal anterior active rhinomanometry test (AAR) and a positional AAR, with the patient in a supine position. Seven patients had a pathologic nasal resistance in the seated position that increased further in the supine position; 9 patients had normal resistance in the seated position but a pathologic resistance in the supine position. In 20 patients, nasal resistance was normal in both positions. No statistically significant differences in the degree of apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) was found between the 20 patients with normal positional AAR and the 16 with pathologic positional AAR (p = 0.13). Moreover, no statistically significant differences in the degree of AHI was found between the 7 patients with pathologic basal and positional AAR and the 9 patients with normal basal AAR and pathologic positional AAR (p = 0.38).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acoustic rhinometry, rhinomanometry and spirometry of the asthmatics patients with rhinitis symptoms before and after oral corticoid.

INTRODUCTION: Asthma and rhinitis frequently co-exist in the same patient. It may exist a specific condition witch affects the general respiratory activity and also able to produce symptoms into upper and/ or lower airways. PURPOSE: To analyze the alteration and functional burst of upper and lower airways before and after oral corticoid. METHODS: From July of 2000 to August of 2002, sixteen (69 % was female ), acute asthmatics patients with rhinitis symptom assisted in the pneumology department, were analyzed through cross-sectional study using: symptoms questionnaire, physical examination, radiogram, spirometry, acoustic rhinometry, and rhinomanometry. RESULTS: Sixteen patients presented compromising symptoms of the upper airways. In the spirometry, FEV1, FEV1/FVC e FEF25-75%, presented major statistically differences. The acoustic rhinometry presented important statistical differences in the minimal cross- sectional area 1 e 2 in the left side and total nasal volume, after medicine intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The functional evaluations upon lower and upper airways, improvements in FEV1, FEV1/FVC e FEF25-75%, were observed through spirometry and total nasal volume, analyzing the acoustic rhinometry after oral corticoid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Comparison between anterior rhinomanometry and impulse-oscillometric rhinometry found within nasal allergen provocation].

UNLABELLED: Besides the standard method of anterior rhinomanometry (aR), the impulse-oscillometric rhinometry (IOS) is available for measurements of the nasal resistance. The aR is a procedure dependent on the cooperation of the patient, whereas IOS is measured regardless from the breathing activities of the patient. We examined weather the resistance-measurement by means of IOS in comparison to the aR is a more suitable method for nasal allergic provocation. METHOD: 17 patients with anamnestic known rhinokonjunktivitis (6 f, 11 m) had a pricktest and then a nasal provocation testing with an allergen which provoked a reaction on the skin. The complete resistance of the nose was measured in a randomized order by means of aR and IOS. RESULTS: The complete resistance showed neither in the basic measurement (aR 0,38 +/- 0,14 kPa/l/s; IOS 0,38 +/- 0,11 kPa/l/s) nor in the control solution (aR 0,38 +/- 0,14; IOS 0,39 +/- 0,14) nor after application of the allergenic solution (15 min: aR 0,69 +/- 0,27; IOS 0,77 +/- 0,42; 30 min: aR 0,65 +/- 0,29; IOS 0,6 +/- 0,38) a significant difference between the two methods. The results of the measurement of aR and IOS after the allergenic solution showed a positive correlation (15 min: r = 0,63, p < 0,01; 30 min: r = 0,67, p < 0,01). We found by means of clinic and measurement methods in the aR of 7 patients a positive reaction, within 7 patient a negative reaction, 3 patients had a unspecific nasal hyperreactivity. There was a correspondence in 6 of the 7 patients with positive reaction in aR between both methods. 4 of the 7 results with negative reaction in the aR would have been positive then underlying the same criteria in the IOS without announcing the symptomscore a relevant clinical symptomatic while testing. CONCLUSION: IOS is a suitable procedure for nasal provocation testing and provides results similar to the aR. In comparison to aR IOS is not dependent on the patients cooperation. Due to its higher sensitivity the valid limits of the aR at provocation testings cannot be transferred to IOS to avoid a false positive reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Active anterior rhinomanometry analysis in normal adult Malays.

The differences in facial anatomical structures of the major ethnic groups, may also be reflected in nasal resistance. Active anterior rhinomanometry (AAR) is the recommended technique for the objective assessment of nasal airway resistance (NAR). This study comprised of 85 adult Malay subjects. All the subjects had to undergo a primary assessment of relevant symptoms of nasal disease and nasal examination before undergoing AAR assessment. The mean value of total nasal airway resistance (NAR) was 0.19 Pa/cm(3)/s (ranged from 0.09 to 0.55 Pa/cm(3)/s) at 75 Pa pressure point and 0.24 Pa/cm(3)/s (ranged from 0.12 to 0.52 Pa/cm(3)/s) at 150 Pa pressure point. The mean unilateral NAR was 0.46 Pa/cm(3)/s at a reference pressure of 75 Pa and 0.51 Pa/cm(3)/s at a reference pressure of 150 Pa. In this study we presented normal values for NAR in healthy Malay adult subjects. AAR proves to be a valuable clinical method for recording and quantitating nasal resistance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Peak inspiratory flow rate is more sensitive than acoustic rhinometry or rhinomanometry in detecting corticosteroid response with nasal histamine challenge.

Nasal histamine challenge testing is a standard method of assessing upper airway hyperreactivity although there is still debate as to the best measure of response. The aim of the study was to evaluate peak nasal inspiratory flow rate (PIFR) as an endpoint during histamine challenge and compare this with rhinomanometry (Rhino) and acoustic rhinometry (AR). Twenty two patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) were enrolled into a 2-way randomised crossover study comparing placebo with intra-nasal mometasone furoate (MF) 200 mg once daily, with laboratory measurements of PIFR, AR and Rhino being made during histamine nasal challenge after each 10-14 day treatment period. Patients also recorded their domiciliary nasal symptoms and PIFR on a daily basis. With nasal challenge testing using PIFR PC30 there was a significant (p < 0.05) difference between MF and placebo but not with PC30 AR or PC175 Rhino. There was also significant (p < 0.05) improvement in terms of domiciliary total nasal symptom scores but not domiciliary PIFR. In conclusion PIFR after nasal challenge with histamine is a sensitive test of response to treatment with intra-nasal corticosteroids in PAR.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2005

Comparison of decongestive capacity of xylometazoline and pseudoephedrine with rhinomanometry and MRI.

Topical and systemic sympathicomimetics have been used for many years as a treatment of nasal congestion in diseases such as coryza and sinusitis. The aim of this study was to perform an objective measurement of the decongestive capacity of topical xylometazoline and oral pseudoephedrine in normal subjects and patients with chronic sinusitis. Ten healthy subjects and 10 patients with chronic sinusitis were included in this study. Xylometazoline (0.1%) and pseudoephedrine (120 mg) were each administered to 5 healthy subjects and to 5 patients with chronic sinusitis. Decongestion was measured with active anterior rhinomanometry before, 15 minutes, 30 minutes and 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after administration. Before and about 90 minutes after drug administration a MRI was performed to visualize the decongestive effect on the turbinates and the mucosa of the sinuses. Xylometazoline reduces the nasal airway resistance for an average 37.3% in all patients and healthy subjects during 8 hours. Pseudoephedrine does not show a clear and long lasting decongestive effect on the turbinates. Important interindividual differences are also noted. MRI clearly shows a clear cut superiority of xylometazoline over pseudoephedrine concerning decongestion of the nasal mucosa. However, there was no decongestive effect whatsoever on the mucosa of the sinuses with either sympathicomimetic.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

A prospective study using rhinomanometry and patient clinical satisfaction to determine if objective measurements of nasal airway resistance can improve the quality of septoplasty.

In the ENT Department of University Central Hospital, Turku, the waiting list for elective septoplasty grew to 4 to 5 years in the late 1980s. Therefore, a prospective clinical project was initiated during which all patients waiting for septal surgery were re-examined and nasal airway function was measured with rhinomanometry. Patients with high nasal resistance or other specific indications for nasal obstruction were selected for surgery (n = 432). The remaining patients were excluded from surgery and followed up (n = 284). Results showed that if patients were referred for septal surgery without rhinomanometric study, about 10% became symptom-free within 3 to 5 years. Patients operated on after defining a high preoperative intranasal resistance had a higher postoperative satisfaction level (85%) than those operated on with normal nasal resistances but other indications for correcting the nasal septum (69%). After 3 years, the majority of patients not treated surgically were satisfied with their conservative treatments, although certain patients still required some form of nasal surgery to relieve recurring nasal and/or sinus complaints.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Differential transnasal pressure in anterior and posterior rhinomanometry.

Transnasal differential pressures during spontaneous breathing through an artificial nasal model were measured using anterior and posterior types of rhinomanometry by Rhinorheograph MPR-1100 manufactured by Nihon Kohden Co., Ltd. for comparing postnasal pressures at the nasopharynx with those at the nostril. No significant differences between postnasal pressures at the nasopharynx and at the nostril were found at 0.25, 0.5 liter/s, or the peak flow point on the pressure/flow relation curve. Application of the Ohm's Law equation for parallel resistors to nasal airflow resistance seems to be a more important problem than the differences resulting from the postnasal pressure sampling procedures in the anterior and posterior methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The effect of inferior turbinate outfracture on nasal resistance to airflow in vasomotor rhinitis assessed by rhinomanometry.

Twenty-eight patients with nasal obstruction due to vasomotor rhinitis were assessed using anterior rhinomanometry before and six weeks after the operation of out-fracture and amputation of the posterior ends of the inferior turbinates. It was found that the operation did not significantly improve the nasal airway. Though just over half the patients had an objective improvement in nasal airflow, only half of this group reported a subjective improvement in their symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Topical nasal steroids in non-atopic perennial rhinitis; subjective symptom scores and objective measurement of nasal resistance by active anterior rhinomanometry.

We present a study of 22 patients with perennial non-atopic rhinitis who have been treated with a course of topical beclomethasone dipropionate (Beconase). All subjects were skin-test negative for the common inhaled allergens and had normal total and specific IgE levels. The results of treatment were assessed by symptom scoring and by active anterior rhinomanometry, and are compared to measurements of resistance made in 22 untreated controls and an equal number of normal volunteers.

Administration, Intranasal↗