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PubMed1980

[Quality of roentgenological visualization and tolerance of various intravenous cholegraphic contrast media (author's transl)].

The recently introduced intravenous cholegraphic contrast media produce a greater diagnostic yield in radiological routine thanks to improved roentgenological contrasting. Whereas the percentage share of roentgenologically clearly assessable cases is about 75 % when using Biligrafin, this percentage is much higher with the more recent contrast media, especially Biliscopin, namely, up to 88 %. These new contrast media are also superior in respect of tolerance, since they produce fewer side effects. While side effects must be expected in about 28 % of the cases when injecting Biligrafin, the side effect quota is about 10 % only with Biliscopin or Endomirabil. If the contrast medium is infused instead of injected, the quota of side effect drops to 2.3 % with Biliscopin or 3.9 % with Endomirabil. Slight and medium side effects have definitely decreased with the more recent contrast media. The slower and more continually the contrast medium is administered, the fewer are the side effects observed; this becomes particularly noticeable in the case of long-term infusions. However, the likelihood of severe incidents caused by the contrast medium, remains unchanged at about 1 % of the examined patients, even with the more recently introduced contrast media.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1980

Roentgenological monitoring of the position of subclavian catheters introduced by the infraclavicular approach.

Roentgenological monitoring of 684 central venous catheters introduced by the infraclavicular route showed that in 11% of cases positioning was incorrect. In particular, deviation into the right internal jugular vein after catheterisation on this side occurs in 9% of the cases. Roentgenological monitoring of the position of a central venous catheter is a necessary measure and should never be omitted. In addition, other complications such as pneumothorax can be detected in this manner. Catheters without X-ray marker should no longer be used.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1978

[Roentgenological findings in muscular alterations of extremities (author's transl)].

A survey of roentgenological findings in muscular alterations of extremities based on the author's experiences and on the literature is presented. Following a description of the normal roentgen anatomy, the alterations in different diseases of interstitial lipomatosis are demonstrated. By roentgenological examinations different muscular lesions of the extremities can be differentiated and the clinical follow-up verified.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Roentgenological methods for measuring the spine (author's transl)].

Roentgenological measuring methods applicable to the vertebral column are reviewed on the basis of the roentgenological and orthopaedic literature, and described in the form of sketches and instructions regarding their application. The measuring methods reviewed in this article are used by radiologists and clinicians to assess the extent and severity of diseases of the spine, as well as to keep a watch on the course of such diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The history of the development of roentgenology in Ukraine].

In the Ukraine x-ray examinations have been in use since 1902. Main development of roentgenology service are presented: organization of x-ray rooms and training of their personnel, foundation of science research institutes in Kharkiv, Kiev, Odessa, chairs of roentgenology at medical institutes and advanced training institutes for doctors. Results of research activities of ukrainian scientists for the period till 1941 are briefly enumerated.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1996

[Roentgenological and histomorphological studies of the knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis].

In order to study the disease process of rheumatoid arthritis in the knee joint, clinical and roentgenological analysis as well as histomorphological study of the proximal tibia taken at total knee arthroplasty procedure were carried out. The natural course of eight patients who had been followed 12.7 years on an average were studied in respect to range of motion, swelling, pain, instability of the knee joints along with radiographical appearance of the knee joints and other locations such as hand, spine and other major joints. There were two extreme types: one which led to obvious joint instability and one which ended up with joint contracture. The majority of the cases, however, fell between the two types. These three groups well corresponded to the three types proposed earlier by Katsube: unstable, stiff and standard types, respectively. For the roentgenological analysis, 148 knees of 80 preoperative patients were also subjected. The findings included osteoporosis, abnormal femoro-tibial angle, osteophyte formation, bone destruction with or without osteosclerosis. There were apparent bone destruction and a tendency toward valgus demormity in the unstable type, whereas apparent osteoporosis and little osteosclerosis of the tibial plateau were found in the stiff type. In the standard type, there were osteophyte formation and osteosclerosis of the tibial plateau as usually seen in osteoarthritic knees. For the histomorphological study, 30 patients were given tetracycline hydrochloride preoperatively for tetracycline labeling and total of 38 knees were thus examined. The specific findings in the unstable type included severe pannus formation and bone absorption, and those in the stiff type were severe osteoporosis with articular cartilage degeneration and decreased mineralization. No specific findings were observed in the standard type.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Sonographic and roentgenologic course controls following radiotherapy of retroperitoneal neoplasms].

Twelve patients with retroperitoneal tumors were examined sonographically and roentgenologically before and after radiation therapy. The sonograms were evaluated quantitatively by planimetry. Nine cases revealed analogous results in roentgenologic and in sonographic examinations. In three cases sonography revealed a tumor regression which was not verifiable with X-rays. In consideration of these results, sonography is used by us as a primary method for examination of retroperitoneal tumors during the follow-up control.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Leiomyosarcomas of venous origin in the extremities. A correlated clinical, roentgenologic, and morphologic study with diagnostic and surgical implications.

This article presents a correlated clinical, roentgenologic, and morphologic study of six cases of leiomyosarcoma of large veins in the extremities. Growth of the tumor within the lumen of the affected vein was demonstrated by phlebography in one case and by angiography and computed tomography in one case. In all six cases, such growth was demonstrated by dissection of the surgical specimen. In four cases, arteriography showed both neovascularity at the site of the lesion and compression of the artery accompanying the affected vein. The compression apparently was caused by entrapment of the artery within the same preformed fibrous sheath (conjunctiva vasorum) that enclosed the tumor and the vein from which it had arisen. The histologic diagnosis was based on the light microscopic appearance in all cases and was supported by electron microscopic findings in three cases by the demonstration of ultrastructural features of leiomyoblasts. All six tumors were light microscopically of high-grade malignancy. Five of the patients died of metastatic tumor disease and one is alive with lung metastases. The information obtained by a careful physical examination combined with phlebography, arteriography, and computed tomography may be helpful in the clinical diagnosis and the planning of adequate surgical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Unusual roentgenological findings in cytomegalic inclusion body disease: large and circumscribed calcareous deposits of the basal ganglia and scattered calcifications of the parieto-occipital cortex.

The roentgenological and clinical findings of a five year old girl suffering from cytomegalic inclusion body disease are reported. In this disease unusual circumscript and large calcareous deposits of the basal ganglia and scattered gyriform calcifications of the occipito-parietal cortex were shown on plain skull x-rays and their paraventricular localization demonstrated on pneumoencephalotomogram.

Basal Ganglia↗
PubMed1976

Hodgkin's disease in children: clinico-roentgenologic features of the lesion in the chest.

The roentgenologic features of Hodgkin's disease were studied in 105 patients under 14 years of age. The mediastinal and hilar nodes were involved in 64.7% of patients. Some consistency of extent and pattern of disease was observed in that mediastinal lymphatic lesions could be associated with cervico-supra-clavicular and retroperitoneal lesions. There was lung infiltration in 14.3% of patients and the frequency of this lesion dependent on the histological type. It was commoner in nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity and lymphocytic depletion. Lung infiltration usually developed in continuity with the lymphatic gland lesion and only rarely in a metastasis-like form.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Comparative assessment of clinical, roentgenological and anatomicopathological pulmonary findings in prematures and newborns.

The clinical, roentgenological and pathologicanatomical findings in 101 deceased premature and newborn infants, delivered in the years 1968-1971, have been studied by transferring the data on to punch cards for the purposes of comparison and analysis. A full or partial conformity of the X-Ray findings with the pathologic-anatomic diagnosis was found in 72 cases. It has been concluded that a distinct radiomorphologic substrate is often caused by a combination of various pathologic-anatomical changes.

Auscultation↗
PubMed1975

[Carcinoma of the pancreas: conventional roentgenologic procedures (author's transl)].

Hypotonic duodenography has opened up new dimensions in the diagnosis of space-occupying lesions of the head of the pancreas. The procedure with out intubation has become routine over the last few years. Differentiation between severe alterations caused by chronic relapsing pancreatitis and those caused by a carcinoma of the pancreas is only seldom possible, whereas inflammatory swellings and tumors of Vater's Papilla are easily recognized. Endoscopy is necessary for confirmation of the diagnosis. When jaundice is already present, transhepatic cholangiography can yield more information; in the pre-icteric phase intravenous cholangiography can also be useful. More complicated diagnostic procedures should not be applied until all conventional roentgenologic methods have been exhausted.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1985

Anatomical and roentgenological basis for the study of the lumbar spine with the body in the suspended position.

Roentgenological investigation of the lumbar spine was done in the standing and suspended position in 100 healthy adult male volunteers. Spinal and external morphology were studied. The aim of this work was to identify eventual correlations between the modifications of shape and size of the suspended lumbar spine and external morphology. Such correlations were sought to establish a functional approach to anthropometry. The results of this study demonstrated that the suspended position led to lengthening of the spine in 70% of the subjects examined, shortening of the spine in 22% and mainly straightening of the spine in 8%. Extension of the lumbar spine resulting from the suspended position is dependent upon tonic muscle activity and the relations between the observed spinal modifications and external morphology are difficult to establish. Nevertheless, anthropometric profiles and spinal features allow identification of certain influential external morphological parameters. Furthermore, the results of this study confirm those of others devoted to elongation of the lumbar spine under horizontal traction or suspension and lead to practical conclusions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Roentgenological features of ankylosing spondylitis. A comparison between patients attending hospital and cases selected through an epidemiological survey.

A roentgenological comparison between 105 hospital cases (HOSP AS) of ankylosing spondylitis and 27 cases selected through an epidemiological survey (EPI AS) was performed. The male HOSP AS patients exhibited more severe X-ray changes in the sacroiliac joints as compared to male EPI AS patients. The female HOSP AS patients more frequently exhibited lumbar X-ray changes typical of AS when compared to the female EPI AS patients. The main impression from the findings were that more severe and extensive radiological features were present in the AS cases selected through the Department of Rheumatology than in the cases present in the general population.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Roentgenological investigations of the urethra in the dianosis of prostatic cancer.

The reliability of roentgenological demonstration of the urethra in prostatic cancer has been examined and the advantages of double contrast retrograde urethrocystography and resistance miction-cystourethrography are accentuated. These investigations are indicated in preparation for radiotherapy, operative therapy, transurethral resection and after reduced uroflow.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Roentgenologic findings of the hydrolethalus syndrome.

The hydrolethalus syndrome is an autosomal recessive malformation syndrome which has been recently described in Finland. The name hydrolethalus refers to the main findings, namely polyhydramnios, hydrocephalus and lethality. The patients are either stillborn or die soon after birth. The typical roentgenologic findings are hypoplasia of the tibia associated with the anomalies of the respective bone ray, e.g. metatarsus primus varus atavisticus, hallux varus or hallux duplex varus and hydrocephalus with extreme micrognathia and a specific midline defect of the occipital bone.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1998

Chest roentgenology in the intensive care unit: an overview.

Chest roentgenology in the intensive care unit is a real challenge for the general radiologist. Beyond the basic disease, the critically ill is at risk for developing specific cardiopulmonary disorders, all presenting as chest opacities, their diagnosis often being impossible if based only on the radiological aspect. To make things harder, their appearance can vary with the subject's position and the mechanical ventilation. Patients require a continuous monitoring of the vital functions and their mechanical and pharmacological support, for which they are connected to different instruments. The radiologist should know the normal position of these devices, and promptly recognize when they are misplaced or when complications from their insertion occurred. Our aim is to suggest for each of the above-mentioned conditions a guideline of interpretation based not only on the radiological aspect and distribution of the lesions, but also on the physiopathological and clinical grounds.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

Aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva: a roentgenologic study of 105 Chinese patients.

Of 105 cases of lesions of the sinus of Valsalva found over a 25-year period at the Shanghai Chest Hospital, 90 were ruptured sinuses or sinus aneurysms and 15 were unruptured aneurysms. The cases were classified roentgenologically according to the method of Sakakibara and Konno: 64.5% were type I, 23.7% type II, 1.1% type IIIv, 6.4% type IIIa, 1.1% type IIIa + v, and 3.2% type IV. A new and simplified method of classification has been devised in the Shanghai Chest Hospital and shows the highest incidence to be the type of aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva associated with ventricular septal defect. On aortography three types of morphologic changes--aneurysmal formation, enlargement of the sinus with no definite aneurysm, and sinus rupture with no enlargement or aneurysmal formation--are observed. Angiographically, shunting from ruptured sinus or sinus aneurysm begins in middiastole and gradually increases to end diastole. Aortic insufficiency, if present, usually begins in early diastole and extends over the whole diastolic phase in a decrescendo fashion. Special attention should be paid to the differentiation between ruptured sinus of Valsalva with or without aneurysmal formation and ventricular septal defect with aortic insufficiency.

Adolescent↗