Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Population--statistics”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Maternal mortality in Giza, Egypt: magnitude, causes, and prevention.

This article presents results from a population-based study of the magnitude and causes of maternal mortality in the Giza governorate of Egypt in 1985-86. Deaths to women in the reproductive ages were identified through the death registration system. Family members of the deceased were interviewed using the "verbal autopsy" approach. Immediate and underlying causes of death were then assessed by a medical panel. This methodology allows for the classification of multiple causes of death and is appropriate when registration of adult deaths is nearly complete, but reporting on cause of death on death certificates is poor. Of all reproductive-age deaths, 19 percent were maternal deaths. The maternal mortality ratio for Giza is estimated to be, at minimum, 126 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. The maternal mortality rate is estimated to be, at minimum, 22 maternal deaths per 100,000 women aged 15-49, over 100 times the rate in Sweden. An average of 2.3 causes per maternal death were reported; the most common causes were postpartum hemorrhage (31 percent of cases) and hypertensive diseases of pregnancy, such as toxemia and eclampsia (28 percent of cases). Women experiencing hemorrhage, hypertensive diseases of pregnancy, or other serious complications must have easy access to hospital and maternity centers equipped for handling these conditions. Since most deliveries occur at home, many with the help of traditional birth attendants, TBAs will need training in early diagnosis, treatment, and/or effective referral of problem pregnancies.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Birth spacing and child mortality in a Caribbean population.

Ten independent variables were used to predict death before the first birthday for 4411 births that took place from 1878 to 1976 to 978 women of native ancestry on the island of St. Barthélemy. Significant predictors of death include the death of the mother within a year, the birth year, multiple birth, whether the preceding child also died before 1 year of age, and whether the next child was conceived before the index child was 1 year old. Unlike most prior studies, birth-spacing variables were only weakly related to death in the first year. The relative absence of contraceptive techniques to control birth spacing in the study population and the use of vital records rather than survey data distinguish this project from others and may account at least partly for the unusual findings.

Birth Intervals↗
PubMed1992

Seasonality of births in nineteenth-century urban Tasmania.

The monthly distribution of births for Hobart Town, Van Diemen's Land, during the period 1839-1859 is examined. Prior research on two rural registration districts in nineteenth-century Tasmania revealed patterns of birth seasonality. The pattern was responsive to both the distinctive seasonal rhythm of regional economic activities and the birth interval and differed from the pattern for all of Tasmania in the twentieth century. Here, I argue that the aggregate monthly pattern of births in a mid-nineteenth-century urban registration district was, by contrast, not seasonal. Some seasonality was found among farmers, seamen, and dealers in foodstuffs but not in other industry groups. Class differences were not apparent. The research establishes that the seasonal distribution of mid-nineteenth-century urban births corresponds neither to nineteenth-century rural patterns nor to the patterns evident in the twentieth century.

Birth Rate↗
PubMed1992

Marital status: association with social and economic circumstances, psychological state and outcomes of pregnancy.

We examined the association of marital status with economic, social and psychological factors and with the outcomes of pregnancy (defined as onset of labour, type of delivery, live and still births and birthweight). The study population was 1431 white women consecutively booking for antenatal care. Birth registrations were inspected. Of 278 women who were unmarried during pregnancy, 61 per cent were cohabiting, 26 per cent were living with adults other than the father and 13 per cent were living alone. Compared with the married women, unmarried women overall were, on average, younger, less educated, of lower social class, in poorer economic circumstances, more dependent on state support and less satisfied with their living arrangements. Irrespective of age and social class, they were less likely to have planned the pregnancy, more likely to smoke and drink, to book later for antenatal care and to miss more appointments. In general, unmarried women were more likely to have some indication of depression and to experience more serious life events during the pregnancy. Controlling for age and social class, the categories 'married', 'cohabiting' and 'on their own' showed significant trends from best to worst. Those living with adults other than the father showed intermediate results. There were no significant effects of marital status, controlled for age and social class, and associated social, economic and psychological circumstances on outcomes of pregnancy. Forty-one per cent of births to women on their own, 35 per cent to women living with other adults and 11 per cent to women cohabiting during pregnancy were registered by only one parent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fertility and family planning in Vietnam.

This report provides the first reliable statistical data on fertility patterns and the family planning program in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Findings are from the 1988 Demographic and Health Survey of Vietnam and the 1989 census survey. The data show that the total fertility rate has declined from over 6 children per woman in the early 1970s to under 4 in the later 1980s. Contraceptive prevalence for modern methods is estimated at 37 percent among married women of reproductive age in 1988. The average duration of breastfeeding is over 14 months; marriage is relatively late. The IUD is the most common contraceptive method and abortion is widespread. The major factors likely to influence fertility and family planning in the future are the government's population policy, improved access to modern methods of contraception, and the institution of new economic policies that are currently under way in Vietnam.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Perinatal mortality statistics in Harare 1980-1989.

Perinatal and neonatal mortality rates, in the Greater Harare Maternity Unit, which showed a modest decline from 1980 to 1985, have rise dramatically since then. Half of the rise in neonatal mortality rate is due to increased numbers and an increased mortality rate in babies of birth weight less than 1001g. There is also an increase in the numbers of deaths of large babies. There is a strong case for a broad-based on-going enquiry into the reasons for such changes.

Birth Rate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infant mortality in a Mexican-American community: Laredo, Texas, 1950-1977.

Published infant mortality rates (IMR's) for Mexican-American populations frequently are lower than expected given the socioeconomic status (SES) of these populations. It has been speculated that this is due to bias or incompleteness in Mexican-American vital statistics. In this paper an extensive genealogical data base constructed from Catholic church records and civil records for the border city of Laredo, Texas is used to study this problem. The infant mortality probabilities (IMP's) since 1950 are compared to conventional IMR's, both based strictly on the population at risk defined by baptisms, in which the deaths are a proper subset of the denominator, and these are compared with IMR's calculated in the usual way from aggregate civil records of births and infant deaths for Laredo. We find that when these data are used, the IMR's for the most recent years are about twice the conventional rates computed from registered vital statistics.

Bias↗
PubMed1991

HIV-1 seropositivity and mortality at University Hospital, Kinshasa, Zaire, 1987.

This study examines the impact of HIV-1 infection and AIDS on 500 of 563 consecutive deaths at University Hospital, Kinshasa, Zaire, in late 1987. HIV-1 seroprevalence was 31% for the entire population and 43% for the 247 adults. Forty-two (38%) of the 110 HIV-1-seropositive adult deaths occurred in those between the ages of 25 and 34 years. The mean age of death for seropositives was 36 years, 7.5 years less than seronegative deaths. AIDS and AIDS-associated diagnoses such as cryptococcal meningitis, chronic diarrhea and pneumonia accounted for 42% of all adult deaths and 74% of all HIV-1-seropositive adult deaths. Seventeen per cent of 50 sera initially negative by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were ultimately found to be HIV-1-seropositive by Western blot or p24 antigen testing. The data indicate that HIV-1 infection and AIDS contribute significantly to adult mortality in Kinshasa population and that sensitivity of ELISA tests decreases in terminal HIV-1 infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Patterns and change in Canadian fertility 1971-1988: first births after age 30.

An analysis of Canada's changing pattern of births during the period 1971-1988 suggests that the tempo and timing of fertility has changed. Between 1971 and 1988, the number and rates of first births to women in their 30s increased rapidly, and rates for women younger than 25 declined. The rate of first births (first births per 1,000 women) for women 30-34 increased from 11.5 in 1971 to 17.1 in 1981 and to 22.3 in 1988--a 94% increase over the 17 years. The rate for women 35-39 also rose from 3.0 in 1971 to 3.6 in 1981 and 5.9 in 1988--a 97% increase occurring mostly in the 1980s.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Perinatal mortality rate in a south Indian population.

Perinatal mortality rate was assessed for 13964 consecutive births in SAT Hospital, Trivandrum, South India, during a period of one year. The overall perinatal mortality rate was 42.75, stillbirth rate 24.41 and early neonatal mortality rate 18.79. The perinatal mortality rate in multiple pregnancy was 156.65. Preventable causes of perinatal mortality still make a major contribution to perinatal deaths in developing countries.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Some indices pertaining to the leprosy control programme in Tamil Nadu, based on data from a random sample of fourteen government control units.

From a random sample of 14 Government Leprosy Control Units in Tamil Nadu, information on the profile of the newly-diagnosed leprosy patients and some important aspects of the control programme in 1978-81 was collected when monotherapy with dapsone was the practice. Among the new patients, 55 per cent were males, 24 per cent were children, 6 per cent had lepromatous leprosy and 9 per cent had a deformity. About 65 per cent were detected by active case-finding methods and 25 per cent were voluntary referrals. Of the total diagnosed patients, only 68 per cent started treatment; further, of these, about 40 per cent collected drugs for at least 6 months in the first year of treatment. The average attendance at the clinic was 34 per cent of the due attendance. Coverage in the annual examination of family contacts was 57 per cent. During the 4 yr period, about 70 per cent of the villages had population surveys with a coverage of 75 per cent or more. The introduction of multi-drug therapy has provided a new impetus to the programme and therefore a similar study is called for to provide valuable information about the extent of improvement in completion rates and overall impact.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Epidemiology of breast cancer in Austria (author's transl)].

In cooperation with the Austrian National Institute for Statistics the incidence-rates of breast cancer in Austria in the period of 1971-1975 were investigated. The incidence-rate of breast cancer (50 new cases/year/100,000 women) is higher than the incidence-rate of cervical or endometrium carcinoma. The increasing risk of the higher age-groups, which is especially expressed by the incidence-rate of 145 in the age-group of 70 or more years, is pointed out. This findings are of great consequence to the system of preventive medical care. In urban areas the incidence of breast cancer seems to be higher than in rural district.

Adolescent↗