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Results for “Polysorbates”

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PubMed2005

Hypersensitivity reactions to the polysorbate contained in recombinant erythropoietin and darbepoietin.

The following case reports are of two patients who have developed hypersensitivity reactions to the red cell growth hormones, darbepoietin and erythropoietin. The subsequent skin testing and clinical course suggested that the cause of these reactions was due to the excipient polysorbate 80. This finding might have implications in the recent increase in the incidence of pure red cell aplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cmc of mixtures of chlorpromazine hydrochloride and polysorbate 80 determined by pH measurements.

The cmc of mixtures of chlorpromazine hydrochloride and polysorbate 80 was determined by pH titration. The values thus obtained coincided with those determined by the surface tension method. The mixtures studied could be divided into two groups according to the shape of their pH concentration curves. For mixtures containing less than 0.8 mole fraction chlorpromazine, the curves suggest that some interaction occurs in the premicellar concentration range. For mixtures containing more than 0.8 mole fraction chlorpromazine, the curves suggest that the micellar process occurs in more than one step.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMed1994

Enhanced rectal absorption of itazigrel formulated with polysorbate 80 micelle vehicle in rat: role of co-administered esterase.

We investigated the effect of esterase on rectal absorption in the rat of itazigrel using polysorbate 80 (PS-80) micelle as a vehicle to overcome the poor aqueous solubility of itazigrel. The itazigrel formulation prepared with PS-80 increased the absorption compared with a 0.25% carmellose sodium suspension, probably by supplying the itazigrel solute to keep a high concentration at the epithelial surface. When esterase was co-administered with the formulations containing PS-80, the absorption of itazigrel from rat rectum was accelerated further, by rapid release of itazigrel from the micelle vehicle after enzymatic degradation of the PS-80 micelle.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Polysorbate 80 and low-osmolality water-soluble contrast medium enema in diagnosis and treatment of faecal obstruction in malignant phaeochromocytoma. Report of a case.

Stercoral obstruction in a young woman with disseminated phaeochromocytoma was diagnosed and treated successfully using an enema of isosmolar iohexol (Omnipaque) and 1% polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) without complication. Surgical intervention was thus avoided. A low osmolality water-soluble contrast medium (iohexol 150 mg I/ml) with a wetting agent (1% Tween 80) was used because a barium suspension would have inspissated, exacerbating the constipation and a hyperosmolar contrast medium might have precipitated a hypertensive crisis and destabilized her critical salt and water balance.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Intestinal absorption of dl-alpha-tocopherol from bile salts and polysorbate 80 micellar solutions in rat.

The intestinal absorption of dl-alpha-tocopherol (VE) from various micellar solutions was studied by the in situ recirculating perfusion in rat small intestine. The perfused micellar solutions of VE were formed by sodium taurocholate (STC), sodium taurodeoxycholate (STDC) or polysorbate 80 (PS-80). The absorption ratio of VE was STC greater than STDC greater than PS-80 micellar solutions. The addition of egg lecithin (PC) to all micellar solutions caused the decrease of the absorption. The absorption ratio did not necessarily have a simple correlation with the VE solubilization in these micellar solutions. And it was also found that the absorption ratio correlated with the micellar size and with net water flux in the intestinal lumen.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Development of hexachlorobenzene-dechlorinating mixed cultures using polysorbate surfactants as a carbon source.

The use of three nonionic polysorbate surfactants--Tween 60, 61 or 65--as the sole carbon source to sustain methanogenesis and dechlorination, as well as the effect of long-term exposure of enriched cultures to these surfactants, was investigated through the development of three sediment-derived cultures. Over a one-year period, the carbon source in these cultures was gradually switched from glucose and methanol to surfactant only, while the surfactant concentration was increased from an initial concentration of 100 mg/L to 400 mg/L. In each feeding cycle, the surfactants were partially degraded and converted to methane. Transition from glucose to Tween surfactants as the electron donor did not affect the rate, extent, and pathway of HCB transformation. These surfactants sustained the reductive dechlorination of HCB even after one year of continuous addition to the enriched cultures. This study demonstrated that reductive dechlorination of HCB sustained by the fermentation of Tween surfactants is feasible. The results support the use of anaerobically degradable Tween surfactants for the biotransformation of polychlorinated organic compounds. In principle, these surfactants could be used to simultaneously increase the bioavailability of subsurface contaminants while serving as the carbon and electron source for microbial reductive dechlorination.

Biological Availability↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of two commercially irradiated Trypticase Soy Agars containing lecithin and polysorbate 80.

Gamma-radiation sterilized Trypticase Soy Agar containing lecithin and polysorbate 80 (TSA++) (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, MD) and irradiated TSA++ (Adams Scientific, West Warwick, RI) were tested by a quantitative spread plate method. Four bacteria Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615 and the yeast Candida albicans ATCC 10231 were tested in two separate experiments using different lots of media. A strain of Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404, was tested by a qualitative streak plate method. The Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems (BDMS) irradiated TSA++ overall recovered a greater number of organisms than the Adams Scientific TSA++ in both experiments and allowed for the earlier recovery of S. pyogenes ATCC 19615. The growth of A. niger ATCC 16404, was comparable on both media. Efficacy of the media to neutralize 1, 2 and 3% phenol as well as 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1% benzalkonium chloride (BC) solutions was done by a disk diffusion method using 2 gram-positive and 4 gram-negative bacteria. Both media showed complete neutralization of the 0.001 and 0.01% BC solutions and partial neutralization of the 0.1% BC solution. The BDMS TSA++ showed better neutralization of the 2 and 3% phenol solutions than the Adams Scientific TSA++. This data indicates that not all irradiated TSA++ media perform in an equivalent manner.

Agar↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of the fluidifying effect on nasal mucus of physiologic solution combined with increasing concentrations of polysorbates].

Nasal decongestants are widely used in the treatment of rhinitis. Decongestant drugs are one of the main components, but numerous reports gave been made concerning side, local and general effects. The problem is particularly important in the treatment of infantile rhinitis for which the use of saline solution alone is often preferred. The paper evaluates the fluidifying action of a saline solution and polysorbate 20, a tensioactive molecule, on nasal mucous. Changes in mucous viscosity were assessed using a "filancemeter" and thromboelastograph. At the same time a clinical study on the efficacy of treatment and the possible presence of side effects was carried out in a population of rhinitic subjects. The study highlighted the fluidifying effect of the preparation on nasal mucous and the complete absence of side effects.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of polysorbates in foods by colorimetry with confirmation by infrared spectrophotometry, thin-layer chromatography, and gas chromatography.

A method is presented for the detection of polysorbates (PSs) in 8 kinds of processed foods by colorimetric and thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) techniques. The PSs are extracted from processed foods with a mixture of methylene chloride and ethanol by using an Extrelut column. The extract is further purified by using a silica gel column. The PS extract is complexed with cobalt-thiocyanate (Cothiocyanate) reagent and is determined spectrophotometrically at 620 nm. The recoveries and coefficients of variation for 8 kinds of processed foods fortified with 0.1% PS 80 were 67.9-94.6% and 4.0-11.3%, respectively. The detection limit of TLC corresponded to 50 mg PS 80/kg. PS identity was confirmed by infrared spectrophotometry of PS extract, and gas chromatography of fatty acids and thin layer chromatography of POE-sorbitan residues after saponification.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pulmonary microembolism with particles of synthetic polymer "Polysorb"in the treatment of postpartum endometritis].

A case of fatal massive pulmonary microembolism with particles of the synthetic polymer preparation in a female of 26 early after delivery is reported. The case is interpreted as a maternal death of the 1st group due to occasional damage in the process of uterine cavity washing with a suspension of a synthetic polymer preparation polysorb in the treatment of purulent postpartum endometritis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes of biochemical blood parameters under conditions of treatment with vaulen and polysorb enterosorbents].

Alteration of the biochemical blood indices has been studied in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus that were treated with vaulen (V) and polysorb (P) enterosorbents. It was determined that alanine aminotransferase activity grew and albumin, urea, uric acid levels enhanced after the V treatment. Glucose level and alanine-, asparagine aminotransferases activities decreased after the P treatment. It is necessary to take into consideration these results when choosing an enterosorbent for treatment of patients with the immunocomplex rheumatic diseases accompanied by the liver parenchyma lesion and hyperuricemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Proposal for using mechanical staplers with Polysorb in creation of orthotopic neobladder].

After radical cysto-prostatectomy the bladder substitute is made from an ileal segment, opened along its antimesenteric border and folded; the results are in general good. The success of this procedure demands attention to detail, hemostasis and gentle handling of tissue so this surgery depends an unusual degree of commitment to meticulous technique. The very low rate complications, obtained with mechanical sutures in gastrointestinal surgery, incited the Authors using the staplers GIA and TA Polysorb for detubularized ileal segment. They are very manageable, easy to use and the follow-up shows the absence of urinary stone; so the team approach is less tedious and strenuous. The Authors present their results of 11 neobladder-staplers made with 35 cm of detubularized ileal segment without folding.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of antioxidants together with polysorb enterosorption in the combined treatment of patients with III-IV-stage ovarian cancer].

Studied in the course of a multiple-modality treatment of patients with stage III to IV ovarian cancer were effects of retinol and tocopheroli acetas and enterosorption with a silicone sorbent polysorb on the processes of lipid peroxidation and indices for the antioxidant system, for which purpose 75 female subjects were examined. The results obtained showed that retinol and tocopheroli acetas and enterosorption combined in treatment of patients with stage III-IV ovarian cancer made for stabilization of the processes of lipid peroxidation as well as for normalization of blood plasma content of factors of the antioxidant defence.

Antioxidants↗