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Results for “Peripheral Nervous System”

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PubMed2005

FlyPNS, a database of the Drosophila embryonic and larval peripheral nervous system.

BACKGROUND: The embryonic and larval peripheral nervous system of Drosophila melanogaster is extensively studied as a very powerful model of developmental biology. One main advantage of this system is the ability to study the origin and development of individual sensory cells. However, there remain several discrepancies regarding the organization of sensory organs in each abdominal segment A1-A7. DESCRIPTION: We have constructed a web site called FlyPNS (for Fly Peripheral Nervous System) that consolidates a wide range of published and unpublished information about the embryonic and larval sensory organs. It communicates (1) a PNS pattern that solves the discrepancies that have been found in the recent literature, (2) the correspondence between the different nomenclatures that have been used so far, (3) a comprehensive description of each sensory organ, and (4) a list of both published and unpublished markers to reliably identify each PNS cell. CONCLUSIONS: The FlyPNS database integrates disparate data and nomenclature and thus helps understanding the conflicting observations that have been published recently. Furthermore, it is designed to provide assistance in the identification and study of individual sensory cells. We think it will be a useful resource for any researcher with interest in Drosophila sensory organs.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

Electrophysiologic correlates of peripheral nervous system maturation in infancy and childhood.

Peripheral nervous system maturation in infancy and childhood varies with age, especially during the first 2 years of life. Electrophysiologic values therefore changes significantly between different age groups within these first 2 years and are different from adult values. Normal values of motor and sensory nerve conduction, distal motor latency, F-wave latency, and evoked response amplitude of peripheral nerves commonly tested are reported in 155 healthy children in seven age groups from 1 week to 14 years. Interval changes are clearly shown, and in comparison with adult values, the whole group has significantly slower nerve conduction velocities, with reduced muscle and nerve evoked response amplitudes. These differences are important to recognize when evaluating the peripheral nervous system of children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Anatomy of the peripheral nervous system.

This article is an overview of the structure and components of the peripheral nervous system. The fine structure and gross anatomy of peripheral nerves and ganglia are described. A functional and regional approach is used to highlight principles on which the peripheral nervous system is designed. Finally, the somatic and autonomic nervous systems are contrasted to underscore similarities between the two systems.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed2002

Impairment of the peripheral nervous system in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

BACKGROUND: The clinical manifestations of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) primarily reflect involvement of the central nervous system. The coexistence of CJD with peripheral nervous system involvement has also been reported. OBJECTIVE: To analyze peripheral neuron electrophysiologic changes and to compare these data with neuropathologic features of spinal motor neurons in patients with definite CJD. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Electrophysiologic examinations were performed on 16 patients with sporadic CJD. The diagnosis was confirmed by neuropathologic examinations (15 patients) or by intravital detection of the 14-3-3 protein in the cerebrospinal fluid (1 patient). The spinal cord was neuropathologically examined in 8 patients. SETTING: Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, I Neurological Department, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Electromyography, compound muscle and sensory nerve action potentials, distal latencies, F waves, peripheral motor and sensory conduction velocity, and spinal motor neuron numbers and morphologic characteristics. RESULTS: All patients had signs of central nervous system damage typical of sporadic CJD. Only 3 patients had clinical signs of peripheral nervous system involvement. Electrophysiologic examinations confirmed peripheral nervous system damage in these patients and revealed preclinical peripheral nervous system impairment in 11 more patients. In 1 patient, electrophysiologic examination revealed features of motor neuron disease; in 9, axonal disease; and in 4, axonal-demyelinating neuropathy. Neuropathologic examination results confirmed severe loss of spinal motor neurons in 1 patient with motor neuron disease and revealed the features of motor neuron chronic disease in 4. In 2 of them, electrophysiologic data were normal. CONCLUSION: In sporadic cases of CJD, peripheral nervous system impairment should be considered to be an integral component of disease.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1999

Biological actions of nerve growth factor in the peripheral nervous system.

Since the discovery of nerve growth factor (NGF), its role in the physiology/pathophysiology of nerve function has been under intense investigation. More recently, the potential of recombinant human NGF (rhNGF) as a putative treatment for peripheral neuropathies, in particular diabetic polyneuropathy and HIV-associated sensory neuropathy, is being explored. In animal models of diabetes, depletion of endogenous NGF levels has been demonstrated in foot skin and skeletal muscle; these levels reduce further with increasing disease duration. Preclinical studies in animal models of diabetes have shown that administration of NGF can reverse or alleviate impairment in nerve function.

Adult↗