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PubMed2006

Spermatozoon ultrastructure of the pseudophyllidean cestode Paraechinophallus japonicus, a parasite of deep-sea fish Psenopsis anomala (Perciformes, Centrolophidae).

This paper provides the first ultrastructural data on the spermatozoon of a pseudophyllidean cestode belonging to the family Echinophallidae, Paraechinophallus japonicus, parasitizing deep-sea fish Psenopsis anomala from Japan. The mature spermatozoon contains two axonemes of the 9+"1" trepaxonematan pattern, nucleus, cortical microtubules, and electron-dense granules. Its anterior extremity exhibits a single electron-dense crested body. One of the most interesting features of the mature spermatozoon is the presence of a ring of tubular structures encircling the axoneme. This character, previously reported in species of the families Bothriocephalidae and Triaenophoridae, may be unique to pseudophyllideans of the group "Bothriocephalidea", thus supporting the assumption that the order Pseudophyllidea is formed in fact by two unrelated clades; "Bothriocephalidea" and "Diphyllobothriidea". The posterior extremity contains the posterior part of the nucleus and the disorganized axoneme--a character previously not described in the Eucestoda.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Chromosomal diversification of reef fishes from genus Centropyge (Perciformes, Pomacanthidae).

The genus Centropyge is remarkable for species richness, composing a highly specialized fish group amongst members from family Pomacanthidae. However, cytogenetical reports are nearly absent in these animals. New data are provided from karyotypical studies carried out on Centropyge aurantonotus from the Brazilian coast of the Atlantic Ocean and C. ferrugatus from the Philippines Sea of the Indo-Pacific Ocean. Both species present 2n = 48 but karyotypes are differentiated by fundamental number. C. aurantonotus has a great number of biarmed chromosomes (4 m + 14 sm + 16 st + 4 a), while C. ferrugatus presents only acrocentric chromosomes. Single nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) are located at interstitial position of an acrocentric pair in C. ferrugatus and on short arms of a subtelocentric pair in C. aurantonotus, as confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with 18S rDNA probes. Heterochromatin is distributed over NOR and centromeric regions in both species, but additional GC-rich heterochromatic blocks on short arms of up to eight chromosomal pairs can be detected in C. aurantonotus. 5S rDNA segments were located interstitially on two chromosomal pairs in C. ferrugatus and on nine pairs in C. aurantonotus, mostly equivalent to heterochromatic blocks on short arms of biarmed chromosomes. C. ferrugatus can be considered a species in which basal chromosomal features proposed for modern Teleosteans were conserved. The derived karyotype pattern of C. aurantonotus seems to be determined by pericentric inversions and heterochromatin addition which probably determined the notorious dispersion of 5S rRNA (pseudo)genes. It is demonstrated that, even within a group generally characterized by cytogenetical homogeneity as the family Pomacanthidae, diversified karyotypes can be found.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Species of Pseudorhabdosynochus Yamaguti, 1958 (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) from Epinephelus fasciatus and E. merra (Perciformes: Serranidae) off New Caledonia and other parts of the Indo-Pacific Ocean, with a comparison of measurements of specimens prepared using different methods, and a description of P. caledonicus n. sp.

Species of Pseudorhabdosynochus were studied from fresh specimens collected from Epinephelus fasciatus and E. merra off New Caledonia, South Pacific, and specimens deposited in Museums. Experiments on two species demonstrated that the sclerotised hollow organs, such as the quadriloculate male copulatory organ and the vagina, may show differences in measurements of up to 50% when flattened. P. caledonicus n. sp. is described from E. fasciatus in New Caledonia, on which it is relatively rare; it is distinguished on the basis of the quadriloculate organ, which has a very thin anterior wall, the sclerotised parts of the vagina in form of a straight tube with a star-shaped lateral structure, and the squamodiscs composed of 11 open rows of rodlets. P. cupatus (Young, 1969) is redescribed from abundant material from E. fasciatus off New Caledonia (new geographical record) and compared with paratype specimens from Australia (from E. fasciatus and E. merra) and specimens from E. fasciatus in the Red Sea (both herein redescribed and figured); a specimen was also found on a slide from E. merra off Vanuatu. P. melanesiensis (Laird, 1958) is redescribed from material from E. merra off New Caledonia (new geographical record) and compared with type-specimens (herein redescribed and figured) from the same host off Vanuatu. The structure of the sclerotised vagina in P. cupatus and P. melanesiensis is very similar, with a thin-walled tube and a heavily sclerotised structure with three loculi. P. vagampullum (Young, 1969) is redescribed from the paratypes from E. merra from Australia, but was not found in New Caledonia; specimens included among its paratypes (from E. merra in Australia), but different, are herein attributed to Pseudorhabdosynochus sp. 3. P. lantauensis (Beverley-Burton & Suriano, 1981) is redescribed from the paratype specimens from E. longispinis off Hong-Kong. A specimen found among the paratypes of P. cupatus belongs to a different species, herein designated as Pseudorhabdosynochus sp. 1. Specimens from E. longispinis off Hong-Kong, previously attributed to P. cupatus, are attributed to another species, Pseudorhabdosynochus sp. 2. The three species P. cupatus, Pseudorhabdosynochus sp. 1 and Pseudorhabdosynochus sp. 2 have in common a 'lamellosquamodisc' composed of central telescopic lamellae and peripheral rows of rodlets; they can be distinguished by the shape of the sclerotised vagina and measurements of the haptoral hard-parts. Specimens from E. longispinis off Hong-Kong, previously attributed to P. vagampullum, probably belong to a different species. Consequently, after these modified determinations, P. cupatus parasitises only E. fasciatus and E. merra, and P. melanesiensis and P. vagampullum parasitise only E. merra. With their wide geographical distribution and different species of Pseudorhabdosynochus in different localities, E. fasciatus and E. merra appear to represent excellent models for investigating monogenean biogeography in the Indo-Pacific Ocean.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Pseudorhabdosynochus hirundineus n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) from Variola louti (Perciformes: Serranidae) off New Caledonia.

Pseudorhabdosynochus hirundineus n. sp. is described from specimens collected from the gills of Variola louti off Nouméa, New Caledonia, South Pacific. No diplectanid was found on V. albimarginata from the same location. The male sclerotised quadriloculate organ of P. hirundineus is 42 microm in internal length, with a long posterior tube; and the sclerotised vagina, 36 microm in length, is composed of a long tube with anterior open trumpet and two posterior, heavily sclerotised chambers. The two squamodiscs, each with 11-15 rows of rodlets and no central closed row of rodlets, are dissimilar in shape, the ventral being round and the dorsal being oval. By the morphology of its sclerotised vagina, P. hirundineus appears close to P. epinepheli (Yamaguti, 1938) but it is differentiated from it by the shape of its squamodiscs. Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. previously recorded from epinephelines are parasites of species of Epinephelus and Mycteroperca; this is the first species from a species of Variola.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Diplectanids infesting the gills of the barramundi Lates calcarifer (Bloch) (Perciformes: Centropomidae), with the proposal of Laticola n. g. (Monogenoidea: Diplectanidae).

Four species of the Monogenoidea, Laticola lingaoensis n. sp., L. latesi (Tripathi, 1957) n. comb. [previously Pseudorhabdosynochus latesi (Tripathi, 1957) Kritsky & Beverley-Burton, 1986], L. paralatesi (Nagibina, 1976) n. comb. [previously Diplectanum paralatesi Nagibina, 1976] and Diplectanum penangi Liang & Leong, 1991, are reported from the gills of Lates calcarifer (Centropomidae) from the South China Sea (new geographical records for L. latesi and D. penangi). Collections from off Bathurst Island, Northern Territory, Australia, represent a new geographic record for L. paralatesi; Chilka Lake, Orissa, India, is established as the type-locality for L. latesi. Laticola n. g. (Diplectanidae) is proposed for species with a spoon-shaped copulatory organ with two to four concentric incomplete ridges in the base. Laticola lingaoensis, the type-species of Laticola, is described, and L. latesi and L. paralatesi are redescribed based on specimens from the South China Sea. Pseudorhabdosynochus monosquamodiscusi Balasuriya & Leong, 1995 and Pseudorhabdosynochus yangjiangenesis Wu & Li, 2005 are considered junior subjective synonyms of L. latesi and L. paralatesi, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Pseudorhabdosynochus venus n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) from Epinephelus howlandi (Perciformes: Serranidae) off New Caledonia.

Pseudorhabdosynochus venus n. sp. is described from specimens collected from the gills of Epinephelus howlandi off Nouméa, New Caledonia, South Pacific. The male sclerotised quadriloculate organ of P. venus, 61-101 microm in internal length, has an anterior chamber with a thin anterior wall, a very short cone and a short posterior tube. The sclerotised vagina, 50-67 microm in total length, is composed of an anterior open trumpet, an S-shaped canal, a tear-shaped principal chamber and a spherical accessory chamber; all parts are heavily sclerotised. The two squamodiscs have 10-11 rows of separate rodlets and no central closed row of rodlets. P. venus is differentiated from all other species of Pseudorhabdosynochus by the spectacular morphology of its sclerotised vagina. It is the first diplectanid described from E. howlandi.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Monogeneans from the gills of glassfishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Ambassidae) in India, with the proposal of Chandacleidus n. g. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae).

Chandacleidus n. g. (Monogenea, Dactylogyridae) is proposed to include three species collected from the gills of Indian glassfishes (Ambassidae): Chandacleidus recurvatus (Jain, 1961) n. comb. (syn. Urocleidus recurvatus Jain, 1961) from Chanda nama and C. ranga (new host record) is redescribed; and Chandacleidus saiensis n. sp. and C. lucknowensis n. sp., both from Chanda nama and C. baculis, are described. Chandacleidus n. g. is characterised by species possessing: posteriorly united intestinal caeca; overlapping gonads (testis dorsal to ovary); a counterclockwise male copulatory organ; a grooved accessory piece; a dextro-marginal vaginal pore; a haptor with two lateral flaps and armed with dissimilar dorsal and ventral anchor/bar complexes and 14 similar hooks (dissimilar in size); and hook shanks comprised of two subunits.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

The 'Pseudorhabdosynochus cupatus group' (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) on Epinephelus fasciatus, E. howlandi, E. rivulatus and E. merra (Perciformes: Serranidae) off New Caledonia, with descriptions of Pseudorhabdosynochus cyathus n. sp. and P. calathus n. sp.

Pseudorhabdosynochus cupatus (Young, 1969) is characterised by small lamellosquamodiscs made up of central telescopic rings and peripheral rows of rodlets, and a sclerotised vagina in the shape of a thin-walled coiled tube with three accessory chambers. Two new species of Pseudorhabdosynochus are herein described from epinepheline fish off New Caledonia, South Pacific, and are considered part of the 'P. cupatus group'. P. cyathus n. sp. from Epinephelus howlandi has lamellosquamodiscs made up of four telescopic rings and four rows of separate rodlets; there are dorsal tegumental scales. This species was found only in young hosts; older hosts harbour P. venus Hinsinger & Justine, 2006. P. calathus n. sp. from Epinephelus rivulatus has lamellosquamodiscs made up of four telescopic rings and five rows of separate rodlets; the tegument is smooth. The three species, P. cupatus, P. calathus and P. cyathus, are strictly species specific; although morphologically very similar, they can be distinguished by features of the tegumental scales and measurements of the vagina and haptoral hard parts. P. melanesiensis (Laird, 1958) from E. merra is close to the 'P. cupatus group' according to the morphology of its sclerotised vagina but is distinguished by its squamodiscs which lack telescopic rings. Rare specimens found in E. merra are tentatively attributed to P. coioidesis Bu et al., 1999. A paratype of P. coioidesis is figured for comparison. E. merra, E. fasciatus, E. rivulatus and E. howlandi each have a Pseudorhabdosynochus species of the P. cupatus lineage: these are the dominant species in each host. In addition, E. merra, E. fasciatus and E. howlandi harbour a rare species of Pseudorhabdosynochus, respectively P. cf. coioidesis, P. caledonicus Justine, 2005 and P. venus; these rare species are morphologically unrelated to each other and to the 'P. cupatus group'.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Diplectanids (Monogenea) parasitic on the gills of the coralgroupers Plectropomus laevis and P. leopardus (Perciformes, Serranidae) off New Caledonia, with the description of five new species and the erection of Echinoplectanum n. g.

Echinoplectanum n. g. is erected for diplectanids which have a male copulatory organ comprising a tubular sclerotised penis with a muscular reservoir at its proximal extremity and an protrusible cirrus, often with spiny ridges, at its distal extremity, and a female copulatory organ comprising a sclerotised vaginal sac, often with two thin tubes. All species have similar squamodiscs made of rows of rodlets, with the central rows forming closed circles, and haptoral parts with a similar shape but different measurements; they are distinguished on the basis of the size and morphology of the male copulatory organ and sclerotised vagina. Five new species are included in Echinoplectanum and are all parasites of coralgroupers, Plectropomus spp., off New Caledonia, South Pacific. Two are from P. laevis (Lacépède): E. laeve n. sp. (type-species) has a large elongate penis, 53[Formula: see text]m in length, a cirrus with spiny ridges and a spherical vagina with two long thin tubes; and E. chauvetorum n. sp. has a large elongate penis, 51[Formula: see text]m in length, a cirrus with thin spiny ridges, and a pear-shaped vagina with two short thin tubes. Three species are from P. leopardus (Lacépède): E. leopardi n. sp. has an elongate penis, 36[Formula: see text]m in length, an unspiny cirrus and a triangular vagina; E. pudicum n. sp. has a very small elongate penis 14[Formula: see text]m in length and no visible vagina; and E. rarum n. sp. has a short thick penis 18[Formula: see text]m in length and a ring-shaped vagina with two thin tubes. In addition, Diplectanum plectropomi Young, 1969, from P. maculatus off Western Australia, and D. echinophallus Euzet & Oliver, 1965 from Epinephelus marginatus in the Mediterranean Sea and Senegal, West Africa, both herein redescribed from the type-specimens, are transferred to Echinoplectanum, as E. plectropomi n. comb. and E. echinophallus n. comb., respectively. Six of the seven species of Echinoplectanum are parasitic in members of Plectropomus from the South West Pacific, but one (E. echinophallus) is a parasite of Epinephelus marginatus and has been recorded only from the Mediterranean and East Atlantic; it is suggested that Echinoplectanum is associated with Plectropomus, a basal genus among the epinephelines, and that host-switching to Epinephelus marginatus occurred, whose distribution extends from Europe to the Indian Ocean. Morphological characteristics of the copulatory organs suggest that a "chastity belt versus spiny penis" sperm competition pattern prevails in Echinoplectanum spp.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Laticola dae n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) from Epinephelus maculatus (Perciformes: Serranidae) off New Caledonia.

Laticola dae n. sp. is described from specimens collected from the gill-filaments of the highfin grouper Epinephelus maculatus, a coral reef fish caught off Nouméa, New Caledonia, South Pacific. The species is characterised by a spoon-shaped sclerotised male copulatory organ, with four thin walls and 73-[Formula: see text]m in outer length, and a sclerotised vagina in form of a disc, 16-[Formula: see text]m in diameter, with a smaller hemisphere on one side. Laticola Yang et al., 2006 was described to accommodate diplectanids from Lates calcarifer (Centropomidae); this is the first Laticola described from a serranid. Other diplectanids, including several species of Pseudorhabdosynochus Yamaguti, 1958, were also found on the same species of fish; specimens of L. dae represented about half of the diplectanids collected; all other species were rare.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Parasite biodiversity in a coral reef fish: twelve species of monogeneans on the gills of the grouper Epinephelus maculatus (Perciformes: Serranidae) off New Caledonia, with a description of eight new species of Pseudorhabdosynochus (Monogenea: Diplectanidae).

Coral reefs are known for their high level of biodiversity, but parasite biodiversity has not been evaluated. Cases such as Epinephelus maculatus, described here, show that the numerical estimation of parasite biodiversity in coral reefs could reach more than ten times the number of fish species; consequently, the extinction of certain fish species from endangered coral reefs would result in the co-extinction of at least ten times the number of parasite species. E. maculatus is a grouper of intermediate size (1-2 kg) and common in the coral reefs of New Caledonia, South Pacific. Based on the examination of more than 800 monogenean specimens, 12 species of monogeneans (ten diplectanids and two ancyrocephalids) were differentiated on the gills. These species of diplectanids have not been found in other epinephelines in the same area and thus are considered as specific to this host. In addition, three species of copepods, and isopod larvae, are present on the gills; E. maculatus thus has a total of 16 species of gill ectoparasites, which can be found together on a single individual fish. Diplectanids include Laticola dae Journo & Justine, 2006, which is the most abundant species representing about 50% of the specimens, and nine species which are rare, each representing 2-7% of the specimens: Diplectanum uitoe n. sp. and eight species of Pseudorhabdosynochus Yamaguti, 1958. D. uitoe, provisionally attributed to Diplectanum Diesing, 1858, is characterised by a small conical penis with internal walls. Pseudorhabdosynochus auitoe n. sp., P. buitoe n. sp., P. cuitoe n. sp., P. duitoe n. sp., P. euitoe n. sp. and P. fuitoe n. sp. are differentiated on the basis of the morphology of the sclerotised vagina, but are very similar in other characteristics; P. guitoe n. sp. is characterised by a quadriloculate organ with very thick walls and a very small sclerotised vagina; and P. huitoe n. sp. is characterised by its sclerotised vagina and by very long ventral and dorsal haptoral bars. Two rare (2-3% of specimens) ancyrocephalids, Haliotrema epinepheli Young, 1969 and Haliotrema sp., are briefly described in relation to the male copulatory organs and haptoral bars; H. epinepheli is apparently a generalist species found in various epinephelines and other fish species. A table of the 50 species of diplectanids (Pseudorhabdosynochus, Laticola Yang et al., 2006, Echinoplectanum Justine & Euzet, 2006 and Diplectanum) from serranids is provided.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Description of Pseudorhabdosynochus justinei n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) and redescription of P. vagampullum (Young, 1969) Kritsky & Beverley-Burton, 1986 from the gills of the longfin grouper Epinephelus quoyanus (Valenciennes) (Perciformes: Serranidae) in Dapeng Bay, South China Sea.

Pseudorhabdosynochus justinei n. sp. is reported and described from the gills of the longfin grouper Epinephelus quoyanus in Dapeng Bay, South China Sea off the town of Nan'ao, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China. P. justinei n. sp. is characterised by the presence of a male copulatory organ (MCO) composed of a moderately quadriloculate organ, a short cone and a long, variable internal tube, and a sclerotised vagina comprising anterior 'trumpet' with a characteristic sclerotised ring, slightly medially curved canal, heavily sclerotised principal chamber and star-shaped lateral structure with accessory chambers. It is differentiated from the most similar species, P. caledonicus Justine, 2005, by the absence of a thinly sclerotised posterior tube of the MCO and by the size and morphology of the sclerotised vagina. P. vagampullum (Young, 1969) is redescribed based on specimens collected from the same species of host and locality as P. justinei n. sp. In comparison with the original description by Young [Young, P. C. (1969). Journal of Helminthology, 43, 223-254] and the redescription by Justine [Justine, J.-L. (2005a). Systematic Parasitology, 62, 1-37; (2005b). Systematic Parasitology, 62, 39-45] based on old museum material, the new specimens of P. vagampullum clearly showed the internal anatomy of the terminal genitalia, especially the sclerotised vagina, consisting of a distal, cylindrical canal with an anterior 'trumpet' continuing as an unsclerotised, curved, bulb-shaped vaginal pore, a conical principal chamber and a star-shaped lateral structure with an accessory chambers leading to the seminal receptacle via a fine, unsclerotised duct.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Ontogeny of the lymphoid organs in an Antarctic teleost, Harpagifer antarcticus (Notothenioidei: Perciformes).

The effect of an evolutionary adaptation to low environmental temperature on the development of lymphoid organs was examined in Harpagifer antarcticus from Signy Island (South Orkney Islands; 60 degrees 43'S, 45 degrees 38'W). Thymus, pronephric kidney and spleen were typical, both in position and structural development, of those observed in warmer-water teleosts. The pronephric kidney was the first organ to be infiltrated by leucocytes, at 1 h post-hatch, though the infiltration of the thymic epithelia and the development of the splenic anlage were not observed until 4 weeks post-hatch. Full development of the lymphoid organs was not achieved until the juvenile stage. Although an increased infiltration of the thymus, by subepithelial connective tissues and epithelial mucous cells, occurred in the juvenile and adult stages, there was no evidence of an advanced stage of thymic regression or involution in the adult Harpagifer. Thus, a suppressive influence of the low temperature environment, on the onset and degree of lymphoid organ development and thymic involution, was indicated in this species.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1989

Development of tectal neurons in the perciform teleost Haplochromis burtoni. A Golgi study.

The differentiation of the tectum mesencephali of Haplochromis burtoni (Teleostei, Cichlidae) was studied using a modified Golgi rapid impregnation. The analysis concentrated on the gradient of differentiation of four neuronal types, type I, IIIu, VI and XII, in 15-day-old larvae. The following developmental steps taken by these neuronal types are identified: (1) morphogenesis and growth are largely independent developmental events. Tectal neurons first develop their typical dendritic morphology. The tectal lamination, as indicated by the spatial relationships of the dendrites of tectal neurons, is acquired already in 15-day-old larvae. Subsequently the neurons grow to their adult size. Intersegments of dendrites elongate considerably. Dendritic and axonal reorganization and/or intersegmental growth may take place. (2) The teleost cell types I and VI show variable positions of their perikaryon in 15-day-old larvae, but not in adults. It is suggested that they translocate their perikaryon inside their stem dendrite, while their dendrites are already well developed.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Genetic study of Coris julis (Osteichthyes, Perciformes, Labridae) evolutionary history and dispersal abilities.

Microsatellite markers have been used to study the genetic variability of rainbow wrasse (Coris julis) Mediterranean and Atlantic populations. Differentiation tests failed to reveal any significant genetic differentiation among samples from continental Portugal and the Azores, despite more than 1800 km of geographical separation. Preliminary results tended to indicate a significant genetic differentiation among Atlantic and Mediterranean samples. It also supported the specific status of Cape Verde populations (Coris atlantica). We compare these results with previous mtDNA analyses and propose a biogeographic scenario that could explain our results.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

IgM secretion and absorption in the materno-fetal interface of a viviparous teleost, Neoditrema ransonneti (Perciformes; Embiotocidae).

We investigated maternal IgM secretion in the ovary and the absorption of IgM by fetuses in a viviparous fish, Neoditrema ransonneti (Embiotocidae). Serum IgM, whose molecular weight was approx. 820k, was purified by two steps of gel filtration chromatography. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting revealed that IgM was secreted from the epithelia of the ovigerous lamellae of pregnant females into ovarian cavity fluid. The IgM-secreting activity of ovigerous folds showed notable changes according to the reproductive stage. In fetuses, IgM was absorbed as macromolecules by enterocytes of the hypertrophied hindgut. IgM in the fetal blood was also demonstrated, although its concentration remained low during gestation. These findings suggest that IgM was transported from the maternal tissues to embryos via a unique pathway in N. ransonneti.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Immune adaptive response induced by Bicotylophora trachinoti (Monogenea: Diclidophoridae) infestation in pompano Trachinotus marginatus (Perciformes: Carangidae).

Fish have developed protective strategies against monogeneans through immunological responses. In this study, immune adaptive response to parasites was analysed in the pompano Trachinotus marginatus infested by Bicotylophora trachinoti. Hosts were pre-treated with formalin and after 10 days assigned to one of the following experimental treatments: (1) fish infested with remaining eggs of B. trachinoti; (2) fish infested with remaining eggs of B. trachinoti and experimentally re-infested by exposure to T. marginatus heavily infested with B. trachinoti. Samples were collected at 0, 15, and 30 days. Gills were dissected to check the presence of B. trachinoti. Blood was collected for haematological and biochemical assays. Spleen and head-kidney were dissected for phagocytosis assay. The spleen-somatic index was also calculated. Re-infested fish showed a faster and higher parasite infestation than infested ones. The parasite mean abundance at 15 days was 24.86+/-13.32 and 11.67+/-8.57 for re-infested and infested fish, respectively. In both groups, hosts showed an immune adaptive response to parasite infestation that was marked by an increased number of leukocytes. Also, phagocytosis (%) in spleen and head-kidney cells was stimulated after parasite infestation (92.50+/-3.73 and 66.00+/-9.54, respectively), becoming later depressed (77.39+/-6.69 and 53.23+/-9.14, respectively). These results support the hypothesis that monogenean infestation induces a biphasic response of the non-specific defence mechanisms in the pompano T. marginatus. This response is marked by an initial stimulation followed by a later depression of the non-specific defence mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

The complete mitochondrial genome of the javeline goby Acanthogobius hasta (Perciformes, Gobiidae) and phylogenetic considerations.

We isolated Acanthogobius hasta mitochondrial DNA by long-polymerase chain reaction (long-PCR) with conserved primers, and sequenced this mitogenome with primer walking. The resultant A. hasta mitochondrial DNA sequence was found to consist of 16,663 bp with a structural organization conserved relative to that of other fish. In this paper, we report the basic characteristics of the A. hasta mitochondrial genome including structural organization, base composition of rRNAs and the tRNAs and protein-encoding genes, and characteristics of mitochondrial tRNAs. These findings are applicable to molecular phylogenetics in the suborder Gobioidei.

Animals↗