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PubMed2006

[Preliminary study on intestinal flora in diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome with pi-wei dampness-heat syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of intestinal flora in diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome with Pi-wei dampness-heat syndrome (IBS-PDS). METHODS: The seven kinds of common intestinal bacteria in feces, including enteri bacillus, enterococci, saccharomycete, bifid bacteria, lactobacillus, bacteroides and peptococcus were studied in 21 patients suffered from IBS-PDS, and compared with those in 22 patients with IBS with deficiency of Pi syndrome (DPS) and 25 healthy subjects as control. RESULTS: As compared with the healthy subjects, the levels of enteri bacillus and enterococci were significantly increased (P<0.01), the levels of bifid bacteria, Lactobacillus and Peptococcus were significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and saccharomycete and Bacteroides were insignificantly different in patients with PDS. As compared with patients with DPS, the levels of enteri bacillus, enterococci, bifid bacteria, Lactobacillus, Peptococcus and Bacteroidaceae were significantly increased except the level of saccharomycete. CONCLUSION: There may be alteration of intestinal flora in patients with IBS-PDS.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Rapid diagnosis of anaerobic gram-positive cocci by salt tolerance.

The maximum salt tolerance was 2.5% in cases of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Peptococcus prevotii, 3% in Ruminococcus albus, 4% in Acidaminococcus fermentans, Peptococcus niger and Megasphaera elsdenii and 5% in Peptococcus magnus. The biochemical tests being largely inactive and time consuming the findings of salt tolerance if combined with those of morphological data provide clue to the rapid identification of Gram-positive anaerobic cocci.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1995

Non-sporing anaerobes in certain surgical group of patients.

The magnitude of non-sparing anaerobic (NSA) infections has been defined in the postoperative wounds on colorectum in children (57.1%), general surgery (0%), abdominoperineal and uterocervical operations (11-45%) in gynaecologic and obstetrical cases and perforative peritonitis (25.8-32.3%). Children below the 6 months age group bear less risk of acquiring NSA infection. Under certain situations, metronidazole combats NSA infections in a better way than other antibacterials. The bacteriology of NSA infections has been probed at the species level in the gynaecologic and obstetrical patients. The species of normal cervix (44.6%) are represented in wounds involving abdominal wall (11%), perineum (22.8%) and uterocervix (45.6%) to suggest endogenous infection. Out of the 22 species of NSA isolated, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Acidaminococcus fermentans and Peptococcus prevotii are the commonest. Others were Peptococcus niger, Gaffkya anaerobia, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Actinomyces bovis, Bacteroides oralis, Fusobacterium gonidiaformans and the different species of peptococcus, peptostreptococcus, eubacterium, propionibacterium and fusobacterium. The weight of evidence indicated a pathogenic role of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Ruminococcus flavefaciens, in view of their heavy growth. The umbrella of antibacterials reduced Gram-positive anaerobic cocci from 40% to 16%. The facultative anaerobes Staph aureus, Staph epidermidis, Kl pneumoniae and proteus appeared as the exogenous agents of nosocomial infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The relationship between clinical symptoms and anaerobic bacteria from infected root canals.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the composition of bacterial flora from infected root canals and clinical symptoms. The materials evaluated consisted of 28 teeth from 25 patients with apical periodontitis. Eubacterium were found to be significantly related to acute or chronic clinical symptoms and Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, and Porphyromonas gingivalis to subacute clinical symptoms. We suggested that Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Eubacterium, Porphyromonas, and Bacteroides were significantly related to percussion pain; Porphyromonas and Bacteroides were significantly related to odor in the infected root canals. Many Bacteroides were isolated from most of the infected root canals.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

In vitro sensitivity of anaerobic bacteria to fosfomycin.

The minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined in 98 strains of anaerobic bacteria that came from clinical samples against fosfomycin, penicillin, cephalothin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, clindamycin and lincomycin. The results obtained indicate that fosfomycin is usually inactive against Bacteroides sp. and is active up to 32 mug/ml or less against 85% of Peptococcus and 95% of Peptostreptococcus, being consequently comparatively less active than the rest of the antibiotics that were tested against Bacteroides, sp., while against Peptococcus and Peptostreptococcus it is less active than penicillin, cephalothin, clindamycin and lincomycin, and somewhat more active than chloramphenicol and tetracycline.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Otitis media in children: a prospective study of aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology.

Tympanocentesis with aerobic and anaerobic cultivation of middle ear fluid was performed through one or both tympanic membranes of 186 children with acute otitis media. Aerobic bacteria alone, predominantly pneumococcus and Hemophilus influenzae, were isolated from 118 (63.4%) patients: and anaerobic organisms alone, most commonly Peptococcus, from 24 (12.9%). Twenty-six (14%) yielded mixtures of aerobes and anaerobes, and several had multiple aerobic agents. No bacterial growth was noted in 18 (9.7%) patients. The isolation of anaerobic bacteria alone, supported in some patients by Gram-stain observations of middle ear fluid, suggests that these bacteria, especially Peptococcus, may occasionally play a direct role in acute otitis media.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

The classification and identification of the anaerobic gram-positive cocci.

The Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (1980) includes the following Peptococcus and Peptostreptococcus species pathogenic for man: Peptococcus magnus, P. prevotii, P. asaccharolyticus, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, P. micros and P. productus. A presumptive identification of these species can be made on the basis of cellular morphology, susceptibility to novobiocin, characterization of metabolic end products, fermentation of glucose and lactose, and production of indol. Capnophilic and microaerophilic streptococci are characterized by their production of lactic acid from glucose.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1979

[First steps in the bacterial colonization of the digestive tract of neonates (author's transl)].

Meconium samples obtained from 14 children aged 18 to 51 h were subjected to a quantitative differential analysis. The meconium of one of the children (47 h old) was sterile; in those of the 11 infants aged less than 47 h the dominant flora was composed of either enterobacteria, mainly Escherichia coli sensitive to usual antibiotics, or of streptococci. The genus Acinetobacter constituted the dominant flora in one case only. Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Clostridium (C. perfringens), Bacteroides, Peptococcus, when present in the meconium, represented a very small proportion of the total flora. In the two children aged 48 h and more, the flora was more complex and Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Veillonella, Peptostreptococcus, Clostridium and Staphylococcus were associated to streptococci and enterobacteria. A very small number of lactobacilli was found in one child only. No yeasts were detected. The sequence of establishment of the various bacteria was studied in a child (OG) by an analysis of 8 samples obtained between 0 and 74 h after its birth. E. coli and Streptococcus became established 24 h after parturition, Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides the 2nd and 3rd day, respectively. Lactobacillus and Peptococcus were only present in very low number in the first 2 meconium samples and did not become established in the child, although they were present in a rather large number in the vaginal and faecal samples from the mother. In addition, use of axenic mice inoculated with the 3rd meconium from the infant OG revealed the existence of certain genera of bacteria probably of faecal origin which had not been detected by the direct analysis of the meconium. These genera did not become established in the child. The hypothesis according to which the meconium chooses among the fortuitous contaminations before true colonization of the digestive tract is established, is discussed. It was also observed that the evolution of the ratio between the number of E. coli and Proteus morganii in the successive samples obtained from OG was very different from that observed in the mice inoculated with these samples.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The frequency and some characteristics of anaerobic bacteria isolated from various forms of bovine mastitis.

The prevalence of strictly anaerobic bacteria in the secretions from untreated cases of mastitis in lactating dairy cows was investigated. The study involved 147 Friesland cows in 12 highveld herds. All herds yielded cows with anaerobic udder infections. No anaerobic bacteria were recovered from cows with normal quarters or those with latent aerobic infections. Only anaerobes were present in 10% of so-called 'aseptic' mastitis cases. A variety of anaerobic organisms was isolated concurrently with facultative bacteria from 5,3% and 58,8% of cases classified as subclinical and clinical respectively. Peptococcus spp. was associated with Corynebacterium pyogenes and Bacteroides spp. with Staphylococcus aureus and/or Streptococcus agalactiae in 80% anaerobic udder infections. Gram positive anaerobic species were mostly sensitive to penicillin-G but all the Gram negative rods were resistant. In addition, all B. fragilis strains produced beta-lactamase. The ability to produce heparinase was demonstrated in one strain of Peptococcus indolicus and a Peptostreptococcus sp.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical analysis of anaerobic septicemia in 26 patients with extensive burn].

To understand the incidence and importance of anaerobic infection, the aerobic and anaerobic blood culture were carried out simultaneously in 127 patients with extensive burns (TBSA > 50%). Among 39 patients with positive culture, 26 had anaerob growth in blood culture. The total incidence rate of anaerobic septicemia was 20.4%. 61 strains (9 species) of anaerobes were isolated from blood specimens. The predominant anaerobes were Peptococcus (37.7%) and B. fragilis (36.1%). 20 (76.9%) were mixed infection of aerobes and anaerobes. The others thers suffered from combined infection of B. Fragilis and peptococcus combined infection. Finally, 19 patients survived and 7 died (26.9%). The sensitive tests showed that the effective drugs were metronidazot, chloramycin, and lincomycin. These data suggested that the septicemia of extensive burn patients is often caused by anaerobes. Therefore, anaerobe plays an important role in burn infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The role of anaerobic bacteria in postpartum endomyometritis.

To evaluate the role of anaerobic bacteria in postpartum endomyometritis, intravenous metronidazole was used as the sole initial therapy in 25 women with clinical signs of infection. This agent has not been shown to have activity against aerobic pathogens in soft tissue pelvic infections. A clinical cure was obtained in 21 of 25 (84%) with oral metronidazole utilized after the patient had been afebrile for at least 24 hours. The mean fever index of the 21 successfully treated women was 35.9 degree hours with a SD of +/-30 hours. The four patients with treatment failure required alternate antibiotics and the mean fever index of these patients was 138.0 degree hours. Transcervical endometrial cultures were obtained prior to therapy in 24 women. Anaerobes were recovered in every instance with a total of 67 isolates, a mean of 2.8 per patient. The most common isolates were peptococcus and Bacteroides species. A culdocentesis was performed concurrently in 23 women. Anaerobes were recovered in 20 (87%) with a total of 55 isolates. The most frequent isolates were peptococcus and Bacteroides fragilis. In 23 women in whom paired transcervical endometrial and cul-de-sac cultures were obtained, at least one common organism was isolated in 18 (78%). Both the successful clinical response to metronidazole and the paired culture results suggest that anaerobic organisms have an important role in endomyometritis following vaginal delivery.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1985

Anaerobic infections of burns.

From August 1980 to June 1982, 102 burn wound specimens taken from 34 patients were studied for anaerobic cultures. Fifteen instances (14.7 per cent) from 8 patients were positive and altogether 12 species were found. The predominant anaerobes were Bacteroides melaninogenicus, Peptococcus, Bacteroides fragilis, and other strains of Bacteroides and Peptostreptococcus. They were mostly discovered in electric burn wounds and burn wounds affecting the perianal and oral areas. Wounds with anaerobic infection usually appeared gaseous, necrotic and ischaemic with foul odour. Nineteen blood samples from 10 burn patients were also studied for anaerobic cultures, and two were positive, one caused by Bacteroides and the other by mixed infection of Peptococcus and Serratia, indicating that the anaerobes played an important role in burn infections. It seems necessary to perform anaerobic culture studies in burn patients as a routine. A comparative study between anaerobic culture and indirect immuno-fluorescence method was undertaken for Bact. fragilis and Bact. melaninogenicus in 47 burn wounds. It showed that the immunofluorescence method was a more rapid, simple, sensitive and specific diagnostic method.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from the intestinal and female genital tracts.

In the selection of empiric therapy for infections of the female genital tract and intraabdominal infections in humans, the requisite information includes (1) the frequency of isolation of bacterial species dominant in the normal gastrointestinal and female genital tracts and in intraabdominal and female genital tract infections and (2) the in vitro susceptibilities of the dominant species to drugs that may be used against them (e.g., penicillin G, cefoperazone, cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, and metronidazole). The predominant bacteria in fecal contents are not necessarily those most frequently found in infections. Intraabdominal and perirectal infections are usually polymicrobial, resulting from mixtures of facultative species (coliforms and streptococci) and anaerobes. The predominant bacteria of the normal vagina and cervix are lactobacilli, facultative streptococci, Peptococcus species, and Peptostreptococcus species. Most infections of the female genital tract are due to mixtures of facultative enteric bacilli, streptococci, and anaerobes (Peptococcus and Peptostreptococcus species, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides disiens, Bacteroides melaninogenicus, Bacteroides bivius, and Bacteroides asaccharolyticus). Of the antibiotics tested, clindamycin appears the most active against many of the groups of bacteria isolated.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1978

Enumeration and isolation of anaerobic microbiota of piggery wastes.

Media for enumeration of the microbiota of anaerobically stored piggery wastes were tested. Highest colony counts were obtained with 80 to 100% farm slurry supernatant included in the anaerobic roll tube media. Colony counts with these media numbered 2 X 10(9) to 12 X 10(9)/g (wet weight), which represents about 20% of the microscopic counts. Lower percentages of slurry supernatant in the media gave lower colony counts. Addition of glucose, cellobiose, and starch or of Trypticase to media with 20% slurry supernatant did not increase colony counts. Higher values were obtained when hemicellulose preparations were added to these media. Incubation at 25 degrees C gave the highest numbers. Incubation at 15 to 37 degrees C gave counts of about 70 and 10%, respectively, of those at 25 degrees C. Of the colonies picked for isolation, about 20% were obtained in pure culture. The isolates apparently belonged to the genera Peptococcus, Ruminococcus, Peptococcus, Ruminococcus, Pepostreptococcus, and Bacteroides.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1974

Sodium polyanethol sulfonate sensitivity of anaerobic cocci.

Growth of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius was shown to be totally inhibited by sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS). Other anaerobic cocci grew in the presence of SPS although some strains of Peptococcus prevotii and Peptococcus magnus showed delayed growth. A SPS disk assay for the presumptive identification of P. anaerobius is described.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1980

Antigenic relationships and rapid identification of Peptostreptococcus species.

Antisera against whole cells of each Peptostreptococcus species (P. anaerobius, P. micros, P. parvulus, and P. productus) were produced in rabbits. When these antisera were reacted against sonically disrupted cells and culture supernatant fluids in Ouchterlony tests, lines of identity were obtained among the antigens from all the species and uninoculated culture medium. When the antisera were subsequently absorbed with the dehydrated culture medium used to grow the peptostreptococci, all cross-reactions in heterologous antigen-antibody combinations were eliminated, leaving only species-specific precipitin arcs. These absorbed antisera, specific for each Peptostreptococcus species by Ouchterlony tests, were used for rapid identification studies. Staphylococcus aureus-bearing protein A was sensitized with each absorbed antiserum. These reagents produced specific coagglutination reactions with suspensions of each Peptostreptococcus reference strain and with 16 clinical isolates. No cross-reactions occurred with the Streptococcus intermedius, Peptococcus magnus, or Peptococcus asaccharolyticus strains tested.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1983

Rapid identification of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae from blood cultures.

Simultaneous application of the lysostaphin sensitivity test for identification of Staphylococcus aureus and the deoxycholate test for the identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae was evaluated for reliability in rapid identification (1 h) of these organisms from blood cultures by using BACTEC 6B and 7C bottles. The procedure was applied to 127 cultures, 74 lysostaphin tests and 53 deoxycholate tests. Lysostaphin-tested organisms included 23 S. aureus, 40 Staphylococcus epidermidis, 1 Listeria sp., 1 Peptococcus sp., 2 Micrococcus sp., 2 diphtheroids, and 5 mixed cultures. Deoxycholate-tested organisms included 14 S. pneumoniae, 32 Streptococcus spp. (not S. pneumoniae), 1 Listeria sp., 1 Peptococcus sp., 2 diphtheroids, and 3 mixed cultures. Analysis of the data revealed positive and negative predictive values of 95.8 and 94%, respectively, for the lysostaphin test and 100 and 97.4%, respectively, for the deoxycholate test. The combined tests provide rapid reliable identification or elimination of S. aureus and S. pneumoniae in blood cultures.

Blood↗
PubMed1985

Evaluation of broth microdilution susceptibility results for anaerobic organisms by use of a rapid direct colony inoculum.

A direct colony inoculum suspension procedure was compared with the overnight suspension procedure recommended for the broth microdilution anaerobic commercial system (Micro-Media Systems, Inc., Potomac, Md.). Six National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards-recommended quality control organisms, Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285, Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron ATCC 29741, Bacteroides vulgatus ATCC 29327, Peptococcus magnus ATCC 29328, Peptococcus asaccharolyticus ATCC 29743, and 50 anaerobic clinical isolates were tested against seven commonly tested antimicrobial agents. The minimum inhibitory concentration results from each suspension method (using the quality control organisms) were identical in 18 (78%) instances, and within +/- 1 log2 dilution in 96% of the comparisons. Results with the fresh clinical isolates also compared satisfactorily with the overnight procedure (97% were identical or within one dilution). The Wilkins-Chalgren test medium failed to support the growth of most anaerobic gram-positive cocci and Bacteroides melaninogenicus strains.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗