Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Pediococcus”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Polysaccharide production by Pediococcus pentosaceus from wine.

Two polymer-forming strains of Pediococcus pentosaceus from Argentinian wines were grown under different conditions. Polysaccharides were produced independently of carbon source at the early logarithmic phase of growth. With the presence of ethanol and SO2, the specific polymers production was greater. The polysaccharides comprised of glucose, fructose and galactose, with predominant linkages of alpha-1,4- and alpha-1,6-glucosidic with a ratio 1:1. They contained approximately 5500 hexose molecules.

Culture Media↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enzyme electrode composed of the pyruvate oxidase from Pediococcus species coupled to an oxygen electrode for measurements of pyruvate in biological media.

Pyruvate oxidase from Pediococcus species was immobilized with gelatin and insolubilized in film form by tanning with glutaraldehyde. The film was fixed onto the tip of an oxygen electrode. The enzyme electrode was specific for pyruvate measurements. This electrode was sensitive to 0.1 mM and could be used up to a final pyruvate concentration of 2 mM. At each step of the enzymatic film preparation and assay 0.7 mM thiamine pyrophosphate, 10 microM flavin adenine dinucleotide, 5 mM Mg2+ and 10 mM phosphate buffer were necessary. A computerized probe allowed successive measurements every 3 min for more than 20 h with the same enzymatic film. The reproducibility for the same pyruvate concentration was 2% during 400 assays without special optimization. This enzyme electrode has many applications in basic (metabolism, enzymology) and applied (blood, yoghurt) research. Results obtained from assays carried out in yoghurt are presented.

Electrodes↗
PubMed1976

Resistance to Pediococcus cerevisiae to amethopterin as a consequence of changes in enzymatic activity and cell permeability. II. Permeability changes to amethopterin and other folates in the drug-resistant mutant.

the accumulation of amethopterin in a Pediococcus cerevisiae strain resistant to this analogue was about 30% of that in P. cerevisiae/PteGlu, the sensitive parent. The uptake in the resistant strain was strictly glucose dependent, whereas in the sensitive parent about 16% accumulation occurred in absence of glucose. The transport in both strains was inhibited by iodoacetate and KF. Amethopterin uptake exhibited saturation kinetics with an apparent Km of 5 muM in P. cerevisiae/AMr and 0.5 muM in P. cerevisiae/PteGlu. The apparent V was 0.2 nmol per min per mg cells (dry weight); the same for both strains. The optimum pH for the uptake of amethopterin by P. cerevisiae/AMr and P. cerevisiae/PteGlu was pH 6.0. Folate and methyltetrahydrofolate competitivity inhibited amethopterin uptake with apparent Ki values of 8 and 0.7 muM, respectively. The uptake of folate exhibited a slightly increased Km value as compared to that of the sensitive strain, whereas the uptake activity velocity was in the same range. Methyltetrahydrofolate accumulated up to about 60-fold higher intracellular concentration than that of the medium, which is a markedly lower accumulation from that in the sensitive strain. The uptake was glucose dependent and inhibited by iodoacetate and KF. The pH optimum for methyltetrahydrofolate uptake in the resistant strain was the same as that in the sensitive parent (pH 5.7--6). In contrast to the increase in the apparent Km value for amethopterin in the resistant strain, the affinity of the carrier for methyltetrahydrofolate was apparently unchanged, whereas the V value was about 16 times lower than that in the sensitive strain. The Ki for amethopterin when added to increasing concentrations of methyltetrahydrofolate was 5.2 muM, a value about the same as that of the Km.

Biological Transport, Active↗
PubMed1991

Overproduction of glutamate racemase of Pediococcus pentosaceus in Escherichia coli clone cells and its purification.

We previously isolated a 6.0-kb DNA fragment that specifies glutamate racemase activity from the chromosomal DNA of Pediococcus pentosaceus by digestion with HindIII (N. Nakajima, K. Tanizawa, H. Tanaka, and K. Soda, 1986), Agric. Biol. Chem. 50, 2823-2830). We digested it further with EcoRI to obtain a fragment of 1.8 kb, which was blunt-ended and ligated into the SmaI site of vector plasmid pKK223-3. The recombinant plasmid showed a high glutamate racemase activity upon transformation of Escherichia coli W3110 cells with it; the plasmid was named pICR223. Glutamate racemase was overproduced in the clone cells and occurred in inclusion bodies in the cells. The enzyme was solubilized with 6 M urea, renatured by dialysis to remove urea, and purified to homogeneity with an overall yield of about 70% after a single DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The amount of enzyme produced by the clone cells corresponded to about 38% of the total insoluble protein.

Amino Acid Isomerases↗
PubMed2004

Synthesis of an alpha-linked dimer of the trisaccharide repeating unit of the exopolysaccharide produced by Pediococcus damnosus 2.6.

A hexasaccharide, beta-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-[beta-D-Glcp-(1-->2)]-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-beta-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-[beta-D-Glcp-(1-->2)]-D-Glcp, the alpha-linked dimer of the trisaccharide repeating unit of the exopolysaccharide produced by Pediococcus damnosus 2.6, was synthesized as its methyl glycoside. Condensation of fully benzoylated alpha-D-glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate (1) with isopropyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-1-thio-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) selectively furnished (1-->3)-linked disaccharide 3, and subsequent 2-O-acetylation, desulfation, and trichloroacetimidate formation afforded the disaccharide donor 6. Meanwhile, selective 3-O-coupling of methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-alpha-d-glucopyranoside (8) with 3-O-allyl-2,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate (7), followed by coupling with 1 gave the trisaccharide 10. Removal of the benzylidene group of 10, benzoylation, and deallylation produced the trisaccharide acceptor 12. Condensation of 12 with 6 yielded a pentasaccharide mixture 13 with beta and alpha isomers in a ratio of 2:1. Removal of the benzylidene group of 13, followed by benzoylation gave the pentasaccharide mixture 14. Selective 2'''-deacetylation of the isolated beta-linked 14beta with MeCOCl/MeOH/CH2Cl2 did not give the expected pentasaccharide acceptor, and serious decomposition occurred, indicating a large steric hindrance at C-2'''. Alternatively, 2,3-di-O-glycosylation of allyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside (21) with 1 gave 22, then deallylation and trichloroacetimidate formation afforded the trisaccharide donor 24. Condensation of 12 with 24 furnished only the alpha-linked hexasaccharide 25, and its deprotection gave the free hexaoside 27.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed2005

A putative glucan synthase gene dps detected in exopolysaccharide-producing Pediococcus damnosus and Oenococcus oeni strains isolated from wine and cider.

Some lactic acid bacteria can induce viscosity in wine, beer and cider by production of exopolysaccharides (EPS). A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was previously described for the detection of ropy Pediococcus damnosus strains in wine [J. Appl. Microbiol. 90 (2001) 535]. The primers used in that study, PF5 and PF6, are investigated in addition to new primers which broaden the range of spoiling agents detectable by PCR. Primers PF1 and PF8 allow the amplification of DNA from ropy P. damnosus strains isolated from wine, as was observed with PF5 and PF6. In addition, PF1 and PF8, unlike PF5 and PF6, are able to generate an amplicon using template DNA from a ropy P. damnosus strain isolated from cider and a ropy Oenococcus oeni strain isolated from champagne. Two different ropy Lactobacillus species were also isolated, but their DNA was not amplified using primers PF1 and PF8. The new primers PF1 and PF8 were chosen from the sequence of gene dps, a putative glucan synthase gene, found across all the ropy P. damnosus strains isolated, from both wine or cider, and also in a ropy O. oeni strain. To our knowledge, this is the first time that an EPS-producing O. oeni strain is described. Glucan biosynthesis was assessed by agglutination tests done with Streptococcus pneumoniae type 37-specific antibodies, which specifically detect glucan-producing cells. The results show that there is a direct correlation between glucan production and detection of gene dps. Therefore, Dps is considered a candidate for the glucan synthase enzyme responsible for EPS production by ropy strains of P. damnosus and O. oeni.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed2005

Purification, partial amino acid sequence and mode of action of pediocin PD-1, a bacteriocin produced by Pediococcus damnosus NCFB 1832.

Pediocin PD-1 is a ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptide produced by Pediococcus damnosus NCFB1832. It inhibits the growth of several food spoilage bacteria, including malolactic bacteria isolated from wine. Pediocin PD-1 is 2866.87+/-0.4 Da in size, has an isoelectric point (pI) of ca. 9.0 and, on amino acid composition, has partial homology to the lantibiotic plantaricin C. The highest activity of pediocin PD-1 against cells of Oenococcus oeni was observed at an external pH of 5.0 and at 25 degrees C. The primary mode of action of pediocin PD-1 is most probably due to pore formation, as indicated by the efflux of K+ from metabolically active cells of O. oeni. In the presence of 10 mM gadolinium (Gd3+), pediocin PD-1 did not affect cells of O. oeni. This suggests that the mode of action of pediocin PD-1 relies on a net negatively charged cell surface. In comparison to nisin, pediocin PD-1 is less active against non-growing cells of O. oeni.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2005

Effect of culture conditions on production of butter flavor compounds by Pediococcus pentosaceus and Lactobacillus acidophilus in semisolid maize-based cultures.

Two series of 120 h mixed cultures of Pediococcus pentosaceus MITJ-10 and Lactobacillus acidophilus Hansen 1748 were grown in semisolid maize-based media, applying an orthogonal factorial design in order to establish the most adequate parameters to get compounds related to butter-like flavor. Conditions of maize pre-treatment established in the first series were hot lime-treatment for 20 min, grinding and sieving to 0.0165 in., partial defatting and cooking for 25 min. While the culture conditions established for the second series were the addition of yeast extract (0.2% w/w), and culture starting with 2x10(6) CFU g(-1) and a ratio of P. pentosaceus and L. acidophilus, 3:1. The fermentation profile was studied in a last culture. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) prevailed over the native microorganisms, with a specific growth rate of 0.47 h(-1). Diacetyl production correlated (r2=0.9972) with the 12 h exponential growth phase of LAB. The concentration of diacetyl at that time was 779.56 mg kg(-1). The contents of lactic acid and volatile fatty acids were low at 12 h, 665 and 1312 mg kg(-1), respectively. During the long stationary phase, they increased up to 4800 and 1886 mg kg(-1), respectively. This procedure might be useful to prepare naturally aromatized raw materials for the food industry.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed2006

Environmental factors influencing growth of and exopolysaccharide formation by Pediococcus parvulus 2.6.

Natural exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from food-grade lactic acid bacteria have potential for development and exploitation as food additives and functional food ingredients with both health and economic benefits. In this study, we have examined the physiological capacity of EPS production in Pediococcus parvulus 2.6. EPS formation by P. parvulus 2.6 was found to be linked to biomass yields, provided that glucose was not limiting. Higher biomass yields and EPS productions were obtained when cultures were pH-controlled at pH 5.2. Various compounds have been tested for their influence on growth rate and EPS formation. Of those, only glucose (up to 75 g l(-1)), ethanol (up to 4.9%, w/v) and glycerol (up to 6.6%, w/v) had positive effects on EPS production. EPS production was not directly linked to growth, because its production continued in the stationary phase provided that glucose was present. According to an empirical model, the growth of P. parvulus 2.6 was completely inhibited by 58.9+/-18.1 g l(-1) lactate. Lactate, the sole fermentation product, was suggested to affect growth by chelation of manganese. The organism grew in an apparent linear fashion due to this imposed manganese limitation. This could be overcome by increasing the manganese concentration to at least 2 mg l(-1) in the medium. The excretion of Mn(2+) upon depletion of glucose indicated that maintenance of the high Mn(2+) gradient over the cell membrane is an energy requiring process. EPS production was increased from 0.12 g l(-1) to 4.10 g l(-1) in an improved medium that is based on the results from this study.

Colony Count, Microbial↗
PubMed2005

Development of solution phase hybridisation PCR-ELISA for the detection and quantification of Enterococcus faecalis and Pediococcus pentosaceus in Nurmi-type cultures.

Nurmi-type cultures (NTCs), derived from the fermentation of caecal contents of specifically pathogen-free (SPF) birds, have been used successfully to control salmonella colonisation in chicks. These cultures are undefined in nature and, consequently, it is difficult to obtain approval from regulatory agencies for their use as direct fed microbials (DFMs) for poultry. Progress towards the generation of effective defined probiotics requires further knowledge of the composition of these cultures. As such, species-specific, culture-independent quantification methodologies need to be developed to elucidate the concentration of specific bacterial constituents of NTCs. Quantification of specific bacterial species in such ill-defined complex cultures using conventional culturing methods is inaccurate due to low levels of sensitivity and reproducibility, in addition to slow turnaround times. Furthermore, these methods lack selectivity due to the nature of the accompanying microflora. This study describes the development of a rapid, sensitive, reliable, reproducible, and species-specific culture-independent, solution phase hybridisation PCR-ELISA procedure for the detection and quantification of Enterococcus faecalis and Pediococcus pentosaceus in NTCs. In this technique, biotin-labelled primers were designed to amplify a species-specific fragment of a marker gene of known copy number, in both species. Resulting amplicons were hybridised with a dinitrophenol (DNP)-labelled oligonucleotide probe in solution and were subsequently captured on a streptavidin-coated microtitre plate. The degree of binding was determined by the addition of IgG (anti-DNP)-horseradish peroxidase conjugate, which was subsequently visualised using a chromogenic substrate, tetramethylbenzidine. This novel quantitative method was capable of detecting E. faecalis and P. pentosaceus at levels as low as 5 CFU per PCR reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Structural analysis of the exopolysaccharide produced by Pediococcus damnosus 2.6.

The exopolysaccharide produced by a ropy strain of Pediococcus damnosus (2.6) in a semi-defined medium was found to be an homopolymer composed of D-glucose. On the basis of monosaccharide and methylation analysis, 1H, 13C, 1D and 2D NMR experiments the polysaccharide was shown to consist of repeating units with the following structure. [sequence: see text]

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed2003

Potential osmoprotectants for the lactic acid bacteria Pediococcus pentosaceus and Tetragenococcus halophila.

The physiological responses of the lactic acid bacteria Pediococcus pentosaceus and Tetragenococcus halophila (formely known as P. halophila), subjected to osmotic stress in the presence of molecules known to act as osmoprotectants for other bacteria were studied. In a defined medium, glycine betaine, dimethylsulfonioacetate, choline, proline and L-carnitine were able to relieve inhibition of growth at 0.8 M NaCl. The five compounds were shown to efficiently compete with glycine betaine transport, suggesting the existence of common transporter(s) for these molecules. T. halophila, the most tolerant strain, exhibited a larger spectrum of compatible solutes including dimethylsulfonioacetate, dimethylsulfoniopropionate and ectoine. Preliminary data suggest that restoration of growth by ectoine under osmotic constraint seems specific to the genus Tetragenococcus.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2003

Exopolysaccharide production by Pediococcus damnosus 2.6 in a semidefined medium under different growth conditions.

Ropy Pediococcus damnosus (strain 2.6) was used for production of exopolysaccharide (EPS) in a semidefined medium. From a kinetic point of view, an experiment conducted in SMD medium containing 30 g l(-1) glucose and 5 g l(-1) Bacto casamino acids (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, MI), without pH control, showed that EPS production took place mainly during the growth phase. The viscosity of the cultures developed in parallel to the EPS synthesis until 94 h of incubation; after 200 h of fermentation, viscosity decreased. The effect of glucose, Bacto casamino acid concentrations and temperature on growth and EPS production was determined by using a full factorial design. Within the domain of experimental conditions considered, the concentration of glucose and Bacto casamino acids has a significant effect on the production of exopolysaccharide. The incubation at 12 degrees C produced a prolonged lag phase and due to the lower growth yield, higher specific EPS production was found at this temperature. At 25 degrees C the EPS production was mainly enhanced by the increase in glucose concentration. The increase in nitrogen concentration from 5 to 15 g l(-1) did not yield greater EPS production. However, at 12 degrees C optimal EPS production was obtained when both higher glucose and nitrogen concentrations were used.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1997

Rapid purification, partial characterization, and antimicrobial spectrum of the bacteriocin, Pediocin AcM, from Pediococcus acidilactici M.

The bacteriocin from Pediococcus acidilactici M, designated as Pediocin AcM, was rapidly purified to homogeneity by the pH mediated cell adsorption-desorption method and semi-preparative reversed-phase HPLC. The purification yield was 40.4% and the specific activity was increased by 2450-fold. It gave a single band and a single peak on SDS-PAGE and HPLC analysis, respectively. When subjected to electrospray LC-MS analysis, the protein was found to be highly pure and the molecular weight was determined as 4,618 Da. High concentration of the bacteriocin (> 50 micrograms/ml) showed good resistance to extremes of pH (1-12) and temperature (121 degrees C). Pediocin AcM was deduced to be a monomer with an intra-peptide disulfide bond from the results of reversed-phase analytical HPLC analyses after reduction, oxidation and trypsin digestion. P. acidilactici M inhibited a large number of bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus coagulans, B. cereus, and Aeromonas hydrophila.

Bacteriocins↗
PubMed1998

Pediocin N5p from Pediococcus pentosaceus: adsorption on bacterial strains.

Pediocin N5p is a bacteriocin produced by Pediococcus pentosaceus isolated from wine. It is absorbed on both sensitive and resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in non specific (non lethal) sites and higher values, up to 30% are observed in sensitive strains suggesting the presence of particular (lethal) receptors. Cell death without lysis is produced by the action of pediocin on sensitive strains. The cations Mg2+ and Mn2+ increase the pediocin binding by 80 and 100%, respectively. Treatment of sensitive cells with proteolytic enzymes and 1% SDS increases the subsequent binding of bacteriocin by 100 and 25%, respectively. As a lipid moiety of pediocin N5p is critical to its activity, probably a hydrophobic interaction with the peptidic receptor, stabilized by Mn2+ or Mg2+ might be established. Pediocin N5p adsorption is not affected by ethanol and SO2, two factors involved in vinification.

Adsorption↗
PubMed2003

Bacteriocins from Pediococcus pentosaceus L and S from pork meat.

Two strains of Pediococcus pentosaceus were isolated from refrigerated pork and found to produce antimicrobial substances that may inhibit foodborne pathogens and have potential as natural food preservatives. They were named P. pentosaceus L and S. The antimicrobial substances were purified to electrophoretical homogeneity by chloroform extraction and designated pentocins L and S with molecular masses (M) of 27 and 25 kDa, respectively. Both pentocins also had broad inhibition spectra and were thermostable. They inhibit the growth of tested spore-forming G+ and G- strains and the germination of Bacillus subtilis ATCC 10225, B. subtilis ATCC 10254, and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 spores. The inhibition activities decreased as the glucose in the medium decreased from 8.0 to 2.0%.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus starter cultures as a tool for microflora management in malting and for enhancement of malt processability.

Lactobacillus plantarum VTT E-78076 (E76) and Pediococcus pentosaceus VTT E-90390 (E390) starter cultures were added to the steeping water of normal malting barley in order to balance the microbial community and to enhance malt processability. In this study, we also investigated the effects of lactic acid-acidified MRS-spent medium (MRS-LA) on malting performance. Malting trials with five different two-row barley varieties were carried out in 25 kg pilot scale. The starter cultures promoted yeast growth during malting and restricted the growth of harmful bacteria and Fusarium fungi. Furthermore, they had positive effects on malt characteristics. Reduction in wort viscosity and beta-glucan content and enhanced xylanase and microbial beta-glucanase activities were observed. Starter cultures notably improved lautering performance. Some of the beneficial effects were due to the lactic acid and low pH, as similar effects were obtained with MRS-LA. Starter cultures offer a tool for tailoring of malt properties.

Edible Grain↗
PubMed2001

Effect of physical factors on the production of bacteriocin from Pediococcus acidilactici ITV 26.

The effect of pH, temperature and agitation on growth and bacteriocin production by Pediococcus acidilactici ITV 126 was investigated. Experiments were made in flasks containing MRS medium at 30 to 40 degrees C, pH 5 to 7 and agitation 0 to 200 rpm. Factor levels were arranged in a 2(3) factorial design with central and axial points. Anova and Tukey paired comparison tests showed that a temperature of 35 degrees C favored bacteriocin production, whereas 40 degrees C was best for cell growth. A statistical interaction of temperature and agitation was observed affecting microbial growth. pH 5 favored both cell growth and bacteriocin production.

Bacteriocins↗