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Results for “PLANT HORMONES”

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PubMed1992

Cloning and expression of an Arabidopsis nitrilase which can convert indole-3-acetonitrile to the plant hormone, indole-3-acetic acid.

From an Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA expression library, a cDNA clone was isolated, characterized and sequenced which, at the amino acid level, resembled the Klebsiella ozaenae bromoxynil nitrilase encoded by the bxn gene. The cDNA contained a long open reading frame, starting from two possible neighbouring ATG codons and capable of encoding 340 or 346 amino acids with calculated molecular masses of 37526 Da or 38176 Da, respectively. The sequence similarity between the deduced polypeptides from the Arabidopsis cDNA and bxn was clustered in three domains, one at the C-terminus, one in the center and one near the N-terminus of the two proteins, suggesting important functional elements in these parts of the proteins. The cDNA was cloned into different vectors under the control of the lacZ promotor and was functionally expressed by induction with isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside. Using a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography, monoclonal-antibody based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and mass spectroscopy, it was shown that the isolated cDNA clone encodes an enzymatically active nitrilase which is able to convert indole-3-acetonitrile to the plant growth hormone, indole-3-acetic-acid.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Plant hormones.

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Arabidopsis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Plant hormones].

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Gibberellins↗
PubMed1969

Flower formation in excised tobacco stem segments; I. Methodology and effects of plant hormones.

The formation of flowers has been studied in stem tissue excised from flowering plants of Nicotiana tabacum variety Wisconsin No. 38, and cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium. A procedure for quantitative evaluation of factors influencing floral expression has been developed and effects of the growth substances, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), kinetin and gibberellic acid (GA(3)), on the process are reported.Although a low (1 mum) level of IAA was required for the development of normal flowers on stem segments, higher concentrations tended to inhibit flowering. The decrease in floral buds was rapid in the 3 to 15 mum range. IAA concentrations up to 75 mum increased vegetative bud formation so as to effect a transition from floral to vegetative buds rather than merely an inhibition of bud formation. Higher IAA concentrations inhibited both vegetative and floral bud formation.Kinetin in high concentrations greatly increased the number of vegetative buds but had no significant effect on the number of floral buds per segment. High kinetin concentrations also permitted branching of floral shoots so that flower clusters were formed.GA(3) applied in the medium from the start, strongly inhibited bud formation on the stem segments, but when applied to young floral buds after they had formed, it promoted their further development ("bolting").Flower formation occurred in complete darkness, but light of moderate intensity was required for the development of normal flowers.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1980

[Plant hormones as bioregulators (author's transl)].

The discovery and general nature of phytohormones are described and the chemical nature and physiological modes of action presented of the five groups known at present: cytokinins, abscisins, gibberellins, auxins, and ethylene. These groups of substances interact in hormonal patterns that determine the measure of development of the different plant organs, also in relation to the environmental conditions. In their ability to control the growth and development of plants, both in the field and in in vitro culture, phytohormones form an interesting class of bioregulators.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed2005

Utilization of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid for growth by Pseudomonas putida strain 1290.

We have isolated from plant surfaces several bacteria with the ability to catabolize indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). One of them, isolate 1290, was able to utilize IAA as a sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. The strain was identified by its 16S rRNA sequence as Pseudomonas putida. Activity of the enzyme catechol 1,2-dioxygenase was induced during growth on IAA, suggesting that catechol is an intermediate of the IAA catabolic pathway. This was in agreement with the observation that the oxygen uptake by IAA-grown P. putida 1290 cells was elevated in response to the addition of catechol. The inability of a catR mutant of P. putida 1290 to grow at the expense of IAA also suggests a central role for catechol as an intermediate in IAA metabolism. Besides being able to destroy IAA, strain 1290 was also capable of producing IAA in media supplemented with tryptophan. In root elongation assays, P. putida strain 1290 completely abolished the inhibitory effect of exogenous IAA on the elongation of radish roots. In fact, coinoculation of roots with P. putida 1290 and 1 mM concentration of IAA had a positive effect on root development. In coinoculation experiments on radish roots, strain 1290 was only partially able to alleviate the inhibitory effect of bacteria that in culture overproduce IAA. Our findings imply a biological role for strain 1290 as a sink or recycler of IAA in its association with plants and plant-associated bacteria.

Base Sequence↗