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Results for “Olfaction Disorders”

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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

A clinical study of patients with hypersensitive teeth.

Hypersensitive teeth have been a nemesis to patients in every dental practice. This clinical study was done to find a causal relationship of hypersensitive teeth and other organs of special senses, namely, sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch. The analysis of the findings offers a basis for conclusion that dentition hypersensitivity and hypersensitivity of the special senses have a causal relationship. The dental clinician can provide the patient with an understanding and explanation of the cause(s) of hypersensitivity that will assist in a cooperative analysis of the symptoms and aid in the treatment to alleviate the pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical heterogeneity of Alzheimer's disease. Different clinical profiles can predict the progression rate].

INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative dementia that may disclose different cognitive, behavioral, psychiatric and functional symptoms since onset. These distinct cognitive profiles support the conception of clinical heterogeneity and account for AD's highly variable rate of progression. In spite of strict diagnostic criteria NINCS ADRDA's and DSM IV the clinical certainty is only about 85%. Mayeux define 4 subtypes: a). Benign: mild cognitive and functional impairment without focal signs and late onset behavioral signs, slow progression; b). Myoclonic: usually of presenile onset with severe cognitive deterioration, mutism and early onset myoclonus; c). Extrapyramidal: early onset akineto rigid signs with severe cognitive, behavioral and psychiatric involvement; d). Typical: gradual and progressive cognitive, behavioral and functional impairment. The differentiation of these subtypes will allow us to define discrete patterns of progression, to define prognostic subgroups, and to homogenize them for clinical research and drug trials. DEVELOPMENT: We examined 1000 charts of probable AD patients from the Santojanni Center. We found 42% extrapyramidal, 35% typical, 15% benign and 8% myoclonic. The early onset of parkinsonism and myoclonus predict a rapidly evolving cognitive impairment and a more severe rate of progression with psychiatric disorders and dependency in activities of daily living. (DADL) Patients with low level of education, low cognitive performance at entry as well as those with rapid rate of cognitive deterioration had a faster rate of progression to DADL. CONCLUSION: Delusions, low level of education, extrapyramidal signs and motor hyperactivity but not hallucinations, and anosognosia were the best non cognitive predictors of DADL.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1975

A syndrome of acute zinc loss. Cerebellar dysfunction, mental changes, anorexia, and taste and smell dysfunction.

Oral administration of the amino acid histidine to six patients with progressive systemic sclerosis produced anorexia, taste ans smell dysfunction, changes in mentation, and cerebellar dysfunction in each patient; these changes were associated with significant decreases in serum zinc concentration and significant increases in urinary zinc excretion. Administration of zinc ion, even with continued histidine administration, returned each of the signs and symptoms to or toward normal within 8 to 24 hours in each patient at the same time that correction of the serum zinc concentration occurred. The signs and symptoms noted constitute a syndrome related to acute zinc loss.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Cognitive impairment and olfactory panic from occupational exposure to VOCs.

BACKGROUND: A Canadian government clerical worker in her early thirties developed frontal lobe dysfunction from inhalation of volatile organic compounds off-gassed during an office renovation. METHODS: Pulmonary function, bronchial provocation, allergy testing, and a brain (SPECT) scan were performed. RESULTS: SPECT scanning showed frontotemporal hypoperfusion and neuropsychologic testing revealed deficits in verbal learning and poor organizational memory. CONCLUSIONS: A significant component of this worker's impairment was the development of "olfactory panic," a debilitating aversion to odor accompanied by symptoms of panic. The Ontario Workplace Safety and Insurance Appeals Tribunal granted entitlement for her cognitive difficulties and olfactory panic as a result of her toxic exposure.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Severe chemotherapy-induced parosmia.

BACKGROUND: Smell and taste disorders are among the side effects of chemo- and radiotherapy. Although direct radionecrosis of the salivary glands and the taste buds might explain the chemosensory problems after radiotherapy, the olfactory and gustatory complaints seen after chemotherapy remain unexplained. The patients reporting olfactory symptoms rarely complain about qualitative olfactory disorders such as parosmia or phantosmia. Quantitative olfactory loss such as anosmia and hyposmia seem to be more frequent. METHODS: We present the case of a 63-year-old woman with chemotherapy-induced parosmia leading to severe nutrition and appetite problems resulting in a life-threatening weight loss. RESULTS: With the aid of a simple nose clip the parosmia could be abolished and oral food intake became possible again. Parosmia resolved gradually over an observation period of 9 months, in parallel to an increase of olfactory sensitivity. The patient progressively gained appetite and weight. CONCLUSION: Parosmia can occur as a severe and potentially life-threatening complication of chemotherapy. This rare presentation of parosmia illustrates the importance of olfactory testing with an adequate recognition of the underlying problem and a consecutive treatment.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1999

[Hearing loss, disorders of sound localization with the preservation ofsmell and taste in diabetics].

Diabetes is often complicated by serious medical conditions which could be related to the development of auditory system and cranial nerves lesions, disorder of sound localisation and decreased olfactory and taste ability. Cranial nerve palsies in diabetes are considered as an integral part of the main disease. Twenty nine children with diabetes and non-diabetics control group, without a history of exposure to noise, ototoxic drugs, or ear disease aged 4-19 years old were examined. Hearing impairment may be present in children with disease duration above 3-5 years and in children with other complications. Sound localisation tests were performed by the method of Zakrzewski from a free auditory field, measuring the angle of directional hearing acuity in 35 diabetics age from 16 to 78 years. Longer duration of diabetes was associated with higher directional hearing acuity. Higher hearing loss was observed with higher directional values in diabetics. The authors investigated smell and taste in 35 diabetics. All patients were treated with insulin. Impairment value of smell identification thresholds was much more frequent than impairment of smell perception. In no case raised threshold of taste perception.

Adolescent↗