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PubMed1992

Controlled investigation of the amobarbital interview for catatonic mutism.

OBJECTIVE: Clinical reports over the last 60 years suggest that the amobarbital interview is effective in relieving catatonic symptoms. This has never been substantiated with methodologically sound trials. The authors postulated that a randomized blind comparison of intravenous amobarbital and saline would demonstrate the superiority of amobarbital in relieving catatonic mutism. METHOD: The subjects were 20 inpatients with catatonic mutism. They were randomly assigned to either saline (N = 10) or a 5% amobarbital solution (N = 10), and the infusions were administered intravenously at a rate of 1 cc/min or less over 10 minutes by a blinded physician. A second blinded physician administered a semistructured interview during the infusion to control for the effect of suggestion. A third blinded physician rated patient responsiveness, reactivity, and arousal. Any patient who was unresponsive to the initial infusion was crossed over to the other infusion. Interviews were videotaped for determination of interrater reliability. RESULTS: In the initial infusions, six of 10 patients responded to amobarbital and zero of 10 responded to saline. Four of the saline nonresponders responded when given amobarbital. Response was evident by the 4th minute of the amobarbital infusion. Interrater reliability was high. The responders and nonresponders differed significantly in the variance of the weight-adjusted amobarbital dose, and the responders tended to be older and female. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous amobarbital is superior to saline in relieving catatonic mutism, although only 50% of these patients responded. The nonresponders were distinguished from the responders by a greater variance in the weight-adjusted dose of amobarbital.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Narcosuggestion in chronic conversion symptoms using combined intravenous amobarbital and methylphenidate.

Five patients with chronic conversion symptoms were treated with narcoanalysis and narcosuggestion using combined methylphenidate and amobarbital. The combination of methylphenidate and amobarbital proved useful because methylphenidate antagonized sedation and allowed optimal patient cooperation. In four cases recovery of neurological function was obtained in the first or second interview and subsequently improved with practice and positive feedback. In each instance recovery of neurological function during a narcoanalytic interview confirmed the diagnosis of a conversion reaction. The narcoanalytic interview also confirmed or uncovered important psychopathology and psychodynamics which permitted more accurate treatment of the underlying psychiatric disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Narcosis under barbiturates: mutism].

The authors review the history and current uses of the amytal interview. This technique was quite popular over 50 years ago when it began, but has been ignored for the past ten years. A clinical case of mutism is described in this research to illustrate the usefulness of the amytal interview. In this particular case, the narcosis has permitted the uncovering of delusions and consequently the administration of the appropriate treatment.

Amobarbital↗