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Results for “Mefenamic Acid”

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PubMed2005

Randomized controlled trial of mefenamic acid vs paracervical block for relief of pain for outpatient uterine curettage.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of mefenamic acid vs paracervical block for pain relief during and after fractional curettage. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Between January 1 and July 31, 2002, the authors enrolled 87 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, who requested fractional curettage at the Outpatient Gynecologic Clinic, Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University. A simple randomization procedure was used to distribute the patients into a control group comprising 44 patients given a paracervical block and a treatment group comprising 43 patients given mefenamic acid (500 mg) 2 hours before starting the procedure. OUTCOME MEASURES: Pain was scored using a visual analogue scale (VAS range, 0 to 10). RESULTS: The median pain scores of the treatment types during endocervical, endometrial, immediately after, and 30 minutes after, fractional curettage were 2.5 vs 3.0 (p = 0.42), 6.5 vs 7.5 (p = 0.19), 4.0 vs 3.5 (p = 0.20) and 1.5 vs 1.0 (p = 0.17), respectively. The rate of complications was 6.8% (3 in 44) in the paracervical lignocaine injection group. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of pain relief for fractional curettage using oral mefenamic acid (500 mg) two hours before the procedure was not statistically different from the paracervical block, but there were fewer side effects. Mefenamic acid should be considered an alternate pain relief during fractional curettage.

Anesthesia, Obstetrical↗
PubMed2005

Mefenamic acid shows neuroprotective effects and improves cognitive impairment in in vitro and in vivo Alzheimer's disease models.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exert anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities and suppress prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of prostaglandin precursors from arachidonic acid. Epidemiological observations indicate that the long-term treatment of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis with NSAIDs results in reduced risk and delayed onset of Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease of mefenamic acid, a commonly used NSAID that is a cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 inhibitor with only moderate anti-inflammatory properties. We found that mefenamic acid attenuates the neurotoxicities induced by amyloid beta peptide (Abeta)(1-42) treatment and the expression of a Swedish double mutation (KM595/596NL) of amyloid precursor protein (Swe-APP) or the C-terminal fragments of APP (APP-CTs) in neuronal cells. We also show that mefenamic acid decreases the production of the free radical nitric oxide and reduces cytochrome c release from mitochondria induced by Abeta(1-42), Swe-APP, or APP-CTs in neuronal cells. In addition, mefenamic acid up-regulates expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-X(L). Moreover, our study demonstrates for the first time that mefenamic acid improves learning and memory impairment in an Abeta(1-42)-infused Alzheimer's disease rat model. Taking these in vitro and in vivo results together, our study suggests that mefenamic acid could be used as a therapeutic agent in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the effectiveness of fennel and mefenamic acid on pain intensity in dysmenorrhoea.

A study in Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran in 2002 compared the effectiveness of fennel and mefenamic acid on pain relief in primary dysmenorrhoea. Two groups of high-school girls (mean age 13 years) suffering dysmenorrhoea were randomized to receive fennel extract (n = 55) or mefenamic acid (n = 55) for 2 months. In the fennel group, 80% of girls and in the mefenamic acid group, 73% of girls showed complete pain relief or pain decrease, while 80% in the fennel group and 62% in the mefenamic acid group no longer needed to rest. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the level of pain relief.

Absenteeism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analgesic effect of aspirin, mefenamic acid and their combination in post-operative oral surgery pain.

A double-blind randomized single dose study of the analgesic effects of 650 mg aspirin, 250 mg mefenamic acid, the combination of 650 mg aspirin and 250 mg mefenamic acid and placebo on 120 patients with pain following oral surgery was conducted. Patients evaluated their pain intensity and extent of pain relief at 1, 2, 3 and 4 h after drug administration. For most parameters, including the sum of the pain intensity differences and the sum of the hourly pain relief scores, each of the drugs was more effective than placebo. Aspirin-mefenamic acid in combination was more effective than both drugs alone, and aspirin and mefenamic acid alone were equally effective for most of the analgesic variables.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1981

Control of pain by mefenamic acid following removal of impacted molar. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

The efficacy of mefenamic acid, aspirin, and placebo in the control of postsurgical pain was compared in a double-blind, randomized study of forty-seven patients. Medication was begun as soon as the anesthetic began to wear off and was continued as needed to a maximum of eight doses over a 48-hour period. The results were analyzed in terms of the patient's assessment of postsurgical pain, and the patient's and the investigator's evaluation of drug efficacy. In the population studied, mefenamic acid was well tolerated. Mefenamic acid was clearly superior to placebo and equalled or exceeded the ability of aspirin to control postsurgical pain in the parameters measured.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Furosemide, fenclofenac, diclofenac, mefenamic acid and meclofenamic acid inhibit specific T3 binding in isolated rat hepatic nuclei.

Previous studies with phenytoin (DPH) show that this inhibitor of thyroid hormone binding to plasma proteins also interacts with specific nuclear T3 binding sites. In order to further define the nuclear effects of drugs that inhibit plasma protein binding of thyroid hormones, we assessed furosemide and a number of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs using isolated rat liver nuclei. The effects were compared with those of DPH, ipodate and amiodarone. The T3 binding site in isolated nuclei (Ka 1.2 X 10(9)M-1) showed relative affinity triac approximately equal to T3 greater than T4. Drugs were studied over the concentration range 10(-3)-10(-7)M, approximating the known therapeutic total plasma concentrations, in competition with 125I-T3 0.1 nM, expressing inhibition as the percent decrement from maximum specific binding of 125I-T3 in drug vehicle (assay buffer or thanol 1-10%). Specific T3 binding was inhibited by furosemide to 78.8 +/- 3.5% at 2 mM, by fenclofenac to 37.6 +/- 2.8% at 1 mM, by meclofenamic acid to 70.2 +/- 2.4% at 0.1 mM, by mefenamic acid to 60.6 +/- 4.6% at 0.05 mM (each p less than 0.02) and by diclofenac to 87.4 +/- 5.6% at 0.2 mM (p less than 0.05). In comparison, DPH inhibited T3 binding to only 88.1 +/- 0.6% at 0.3 mM, as did calcium ipodate (68 +/- 3.5% at 1 mM, p less than 0.02). Amiodarone (0.3 mM), sodium salicylate (1 mM) and phenylbutazone (0.1 mM) were inactive. In order to achieve a level of nuclear receptor occupancy that approaches in vivo occupancy, the concentration 125I-T3 was increased over the range 0.1-0.5 nM.2+t

Amiodarone↗
PubMed2005

Environmental photodegradation of mefenamic acid.

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products are an emerging class of environmental pollutants. Photolysis is expected to be a major loss process for many of these compounds in surface waters, including the common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug mefenamic acid. The direct photolysis solar quantum yield of mefenamic acid was observed to be 1.5+/-0.3x10(-4). Significant photosensitization was observed in solutions of Suwanee River fulvic acid and Mississippi River water, as well as for the model photosensitization compounds 3'-methoxyacetophenone, 2-acetonaphthone and perinaphthenone. Quenching, sparging and light-filtering experiments suggested a direct reaction of mefenamic acid with excited triplet-state dissolved organic matter as the major photosensitization process. The persistence of the model photosensitizer suggests that the photosensitization by perinaphthenone occurs either by triplet-energy transfer or an electron transfer followed by rapid regeneration of the sensitizer. Due to its low quantum yield, the loss of mefenamic acid in sunlit natural waters is expected to depend on both direct and indirect photodegradation processes.

Benzopyrans↗
PubMed1996

Complexes of Fe(III) ions with mefenamic acid.

Mononuclear and binuclear complexes of mefenamic acid with Fe(III) ions of formulae Na[Fe(C15H14O2N)4] and Fe2Cl(C15N14O2N)5 were obtained in the solid phase. Characterization of the complexes was performed by elemental analysis and visible, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and possible structures are proposed.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1986

Bioavailability of mefenamic acid: influence of food and water intake.

The influence of food and water intake on mefenamic acid (N-2,3-xylylanthranilic acid) bioavailability from commercial capsules of high bioavailability was studied in four healthy male volunteers. The drug was administered as a single oral dose of 250 mg, under fasting or nonfasting conditions, and a 4 X 4 Latin-square design was used. Eight blood samples were collected over a 24-h period following drug administration, and the drug plasma concentrations were determined by HPLC. The bioavailability of mefenamic acid from capsules was markedly influenced in the fasting subjects by the water but not by the food intake. A good correlation was found between the bioavailability and amount of water ingested with the drug in the fasting subjects. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-infinity) of mefenamic acid was highest when the capsule was taken with 50 mL of water or immediately after a meal. Increasing the amount of water from 50 to 500 mL in the fasting subjects caused a significant reduction in AUC0-infinity.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Gastritis, duodenitis, and bleeding duodenal ulcer following mefenamic acid therapy.

A 46-year-old woman developed hematemesis and melena two weeks after starting mefenamic acid therapy for osteoarthritis of the spine. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, arteriography, and a laparotomy revealed antral gastritis, duodenitis, and an acute bleeding ulcer in the third portion of the duodenum. Although mefenamic acid has many of the pharmacologic and physicochemical properties of aspirin and produces gastrointestinal ulceration in animals when administered in large doses, the English literature reveals only one case of gastric ulceration and a single instance of upper-gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage associated with its use. This case warns that mefenamic acid may cause serious gastric and duodenal inflammation and ulceration more commonly than is presently suspected.

Duodenal Diseases↗
PubMed1995

[Treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Comparative study of ibuprofen and mefenamic acid].

In double-blind studies, mefenamic acid (group A) was compared with ibuprofen (group B) in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea in 60 patients, during two cycles. The initial pain intensity was 8.9 for group A and 8.5 for B. The medication were administered at cero time (when the colic begin) and each 8 hours during the menstrual period. The decrease of pain intensity was presented after the second pill administration in group A for 8.6 + 1.8 at 6.0 + 2.4 in the first cycle and 8.5 +/- 1.8 at 5.9 +/- 2.6 in the second cycle. The group B the decrease of pain was similar of 8.2 +/- 1.7 at 5.1 +/- 2.6 for the first cycle and the 8.2 +/- 1.7 at 4.7 +/- 2.6 in the second cycle of treatment. The number of tablets administered for both groups were for group A 5.5 and for B 4.4. The duration of pain were 22.1 hours for group A and 19.3 for B.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Skin penetration enhancement of mefenamic acid by ethanol and 1,8-cineole can be explained by the 'pull' effect.

The simultaneous skin permeation of drug and penetration enhancer have been studied in vitro. Simple formulations of mefenamic acid in PEG400 incorporating various proportions of ethanol or 1,8-cineole were prepared and applied to porcine ear skin in diffusion cells under infinite conditions. Receptor phases were assayed for mefenamic acid by HPLC and ethanol or 1,8-cineole by GC. Concentration-dependent permeation profiles were obtained for both ethanol or 1,8-cineole, in addition to concentration-dependent enhancement of mefenamic acid. When the steady state flux of mefenamic acid was plotted against ethanol or 1,8-cineole, linear relationships were observed with r2 values of 0.988 and 0.999, respectively. The close connection between rates of excipient and solute permeation is generally referred to as the 'pull' (or 'drag') effect, where in this case permeation of the enhancer facilitated permeation of the solute. This appears to be sufficient to account for the enhancing activity of ethanol and 1,8-cineole, notwithstanding initial modulations that may occur within the stratum corneum.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Mefenamic acid in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome.

The use of mefenamic acid in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) was investigated in 15 women over six menstrual cycles. A randomized, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled design was used to overcome the methodologic criticisms of other medication trials in this condition. Mefenamic acid significantly improved many of the physical, mood, and performance symptoms associated with PMS. The physical symptoms that showed marked improvement were fatigue, headache, and general aches and pains (P less than .001). Most mood symptoms were improved, the most significant being freedom from mood swings (P less than .005).

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Effects of SK&F 96365 and mefenamic acid on Ca2+ influx in stimulated endothelial cells and on endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated arterial hyperpolarization and relaxation.

This study was undertaken to assess how Ca2+ influx into endothelial cells via Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channels (NSCCs) is important in vascular responses mediated by endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). In cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells, the sustained increases in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) elicited by bradykinin and cyclopiazonic acid, which were strongly dependent on the presence of extracellular Ca2+, were suppressed by the NSCC blockers, SK&F 96365 and mefenamic acid. In porcine coronary artery with intact endothelium, bradykinin elicited a rapid fall in the membrane potential, followed by sustained hyperpolarization with a slow decay. In the presence of SK&F 96365 or mefenamic acid, the peak amplitude was severely reduced and the decay phase of hyperpolarization to bradykinin was greatly accelerated, which was apparently similar to the response obtained in Ca2+-free medium. Cyclopiazonic acid caused sustained hyperpolarization in an extracellular Ca2+-dependent manner, an effect which was markedly diminished by SK&F 96365 and mefenamic acid. In rings of coronary artery precontracted with U46619, bradykinin and cyclopiazonic acid produced endothelium-dependent relaxations even in the presence of N(G)-nitro-L-arginine and indomethacin. SK&F 96365 and mefenamic acid significantly attenuated the relaxant responses. These results indicate that the increase in [Ca2+]i of endothelial cells due to Ca2+ entry via NSCCs plays a crucial role in the maintenance of the EDHF-mediated vascular responses.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Double-blind study to evaluate efficacy and safety of meloxicam 7.5 mg and 15 mg versus mefenamic acid 1500 mg in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

OBJECTIVE: Assessment of efficacy and safety of meloxicam 7.5 mg and 15 mg once a day (o.a.d.) compared with mefenamic acid 500 mg three times a day (t.i.d.), over a treatment period of 3-5 days, during three menstrual cycles, for primary dysmenorrhea. STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter, multinational, double-blind, double-dummy, three parallel groups, randomized trial, phase IIb, 337 patients. Treatment group comparisons of continuous variables were carried out using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Efficacy was analyzed using Fisher and chi(2)-tests. RESULTS: Meloxicam 7.5 mg and 15 mg showed a similar profile in pain reduction and dysmenorrhea symptoms when compared with mefenamic acid. Thirty-five subjects presented with gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events (AEs). Two-thirds of those 35 subjects were in the mefenamic acid group. There were no differences between the safety profiles of the two meloxicam dosages. Laboratory abnormalities did not differ in incidence among the treatment groups. CONCLUSION: Both of the daily doses of meloxicam tested were comparable to 500 mg mefenamic acid t.i.d. in relieving dysmenorrhea symptoms, and meloxicam seems to have a better gastrointestinal tolerability profile.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

A single-blind study of naproxen sodium and mefenamic acid in minor trauma.

In a single-blind, parallel, randomised trial the efficacies of naproxen sodium and mefenamic acid were compared in the treatment of musculo-skeletal injuries. The daily dosages used were 1100 mg naproxen sodium and 1500 mg mefenamic acid. Patients were assessed before, during and after four days' treatment, with respect to pain, tenderness, swelling and limitation of function of the injured part. Two hundred and eighty-one patients entered the study and 217 were included in the analysis, 106 in the mefenamic acid group and 111 given naproxen sodium. Both groups showed an improvement in symptoms under treatment but there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of any of the measurements of efficacy. There was no significant difference between the numbers of side-effects reported in each group, although more were seen in the naproxen sodium patients. In this study, both drugs were equally effective in relieving the symptoms of musculo-skeletal injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Mefenamic acid compared with ibuprofen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

A randomized double-blind within-patient study of mefenamic acid compared with ibuprofen was performed on forty patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It was concluded that mefenamic acid and ibuprofen had an analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect which was not significantly different in the dosages employed. Apart from six complaints of drowsiness of ibuprofen with two complaints on mefenamic acid, the side-effects were similar.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗