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Results for “Maxillofacial Abnormalities”

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PubMedDate not supplied

[X-ray manifestations of severe congenital deformities of the visceral cranium].

The paper discusses the most rational algorithm of an X-ray study and its results obtained while analyzing X-ray findings in 320 patients with severe congenital deformities of the visceral cranium. The malformations are shown to involve not only the visceral cranium, but also the cerebral cranium and its base and they can be rarely assigned to any of the known syndromes as they have frequently something in common. The most rational scheme of a X-ray study is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Distraction in mouth, jaw and facial surgery].

Distraction osteogenesis is established worldwide as a new surgical technique. The former rule, not to osteotomize before the end of bone growth, is no longer valid. Today, distraction starts as early as infancy as well as in childhood and adolescence. This new method allows the gain of bone in the distraction gap so that bone grafting can be avoided. Distraction is indicated in hemifacial microsomias, multiple syndromes with mandibular malformations, mandibular retrognathia, posttraumatic jaw deficiencies, craniofacial malformations, alveolar ridge resorptions, and alveolar ridge resections. Distraction surgery started in the mandible and was continued in the maxilla and the craniofacial region. Alveolar ridge distraction followed. After using extraoral devices, the development of internal applicable distractors followed. Today, bi- or tridirectional internal devices are already available. The whole treatment concept includes the orthodontist. Distraction planning before surgery is of great importance. The literature presently includes methods, indications, and case reports but only few results, which we compare with our experiences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Lingual frenulum: classification and speech interference.

PURPOSE: To propose a classification of the different lingual frenulum and to relate them to speech disorders. METHODS: We evaluated 1402 patients' frenulum with an age range of 5 years 8 months to 62 years 10 months between 1978 and 2002. Pictures were taken of the altered frenulum. Measures of maximal mouth opening, with and without tongue suction, were taken with a sliding caliper. Speech samples were also taken. Frenulum were then classified as normal; short; with anterior insertion, and short with anterior insertion. RESULTS: From the 1402 patients evaluated, 127 (9%) presented with an altered frenulum insertion. For this study we considered only those with short or with anterior insertion. For those who had an altered frenulum, 62 (48.81%) presented with speech disorders. The more frequent speech disorders were: omission and substitution of /r/; {R}, and consonant clusters with /r/, and of /s/ and /z/. Frontal and lateral lisps also occurred. The frenulum of 21 patients was classified as short and of these, 12 patients (57%) presented with speech disorders. Of the 106 patients with anterior insertion, 50 (47.2%) presented with a speech disorder. After statistical analyses the relation between altered frenulum and speech disorders was considered significant with p<0.001. CONCLUSION: The lingual frenulum was classified as normal, short and with anterior insertion. An altered frenulum may predispose the individual to exhibit an accompanying speech disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A syndrome of hemimaxillary enlargement, asymmetry of the face, tooth abnormalities, and skin findings (HATS).

Hemimaxillofacial dysplasia and segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia appear to be the same syndrome, having the common features of unilateral abnormalities of bone, teeth, gums, and skin. Oral manifestations are the hallmark of this condition. Those affected are generally recognized in childhood and may have partial anodontia, abnormal spacing of the teeth, delayed eruption, and gingival thickening of the affected segment. Reported cutaneous manifestations include facial asymmetry, Becker's nevus, "hairy nevus," lip hypopigmentation, discontinuity of the vermilion border, depression of the cheek, and erythema. The oral lesions do not appear to be progressive. We describe a child with features consistent with hemimaxillofacial dysplasia/segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia. Findings of a biopsy specimen from the cheek confirmed the presence of a Becker's nevus. Cutaneous findings reported in the previous 31 cases are reviewed and summarized. The acronym HATS (hemimaxillary enlargement, asymmetry of the face, tooth abnormalities, and skin findings) is introduced to reflect the spectrum of abnormalities in bone, teeth, and skin that may be seen in this developmental disorder.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2004

Early lingual frenectomy assisted by CO2 laser helps prevention and treatment of functional alterations caused by ankyloglossia.

Incorrectly produced speech sounds, the presence of dentofacial alterations and acquired functional adaptations may be due to a short and inadequate lingual frenum. When frenectomy is indicated, it should be performed as early as possible to prevent functional alterations. This study presents a literature review on correct lingual positioning in relation to orthodontic and phonetic function as well as an assessment of 15 patients who underwent frenectomy utilizing the carbon dioxide laser. The results demonstrated that this technique is safe, effective and perfect for use in young children and can be performed in an outpatient unit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Occlusal guidance of two Kabuki make-up syndrome patients: case reports.

Kabuki make-up syndrome (KMS) has been reported since 1981 by Niikawa et al. Complications of KMS were moderate mental retardation, skeletal and dermatoglyphic abnormalities. A 7 year-old boy, who had severe permanent tooth deficiency, anterior open bite, tongue thrust and mild mental retardation, was referred to our clinic. Oral characters of another patient were an anterior open bite, transposition of maxillary central and lateral incisor. Orthodontic treatment in two patients is reported and suggested future treatment plans in these patients is given.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2004

[Remote effects of the Chernobyl accident: evaluation of the maxillodental status of the children].

Examinations of children exposed to the Chernobyl factor showed deterioration of the maxillodental status, presenting as a decrease in the incidence of normal-for-age status in comparison with children from the control group. The incidence of dental abnormalities in children whose parents participated in the Chernobyl accident aftermath is increased by 240,09%. The determination of remote effects of the Chernobyl accident for the health status of Russian children requires a differentiated approach and deserves a special study.

Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced↗
PubMed1998

Prenatal diagnosis: evolution in craniofacial surgery.

Prenatal diagnosis of craniomaxillofacial malformations permits early surgery, before 6 months of life and possibly, in the near future, in utero, thereby obtaining the best aesthetic and functional results. Increased knowledge of embryology has largely improved the diagnosis of craniomaxillofacial anomalies, their classification, and therapeutic protocols. We analyzed nine pregnancies (one twin) in which cleft lip and palate (CLP)--isolated or associated with, for example, holoprosencephaly, hypertelorism, and micrognathia--was diagnosed by ultrasonography. Only one fetus of these pregnancies was later operated on in our unit. This patient, with 7 years follow-up, represents our clinical case. For these cases, early diagnosis of CLP allowed informed parental choice regarding the continuation or termination of the affected pregnancy and planning of surgical procedures to correct the malformation. This is demonstrated by the presented clinical case involving an infant operated on within 6 months with success.

Child↗
PubMed2005

Distraction osteogenesis in the craniofacial skeleton.

Bone deficiency in the craniofacial skeleton has posed a challenge to craniomaxillofacial surgeons for many decades. Sliding osteotomies and bone grafting have been traditional staples for correcting bone deficiency. In recent years, especially with the advent of newer devices, mechanically induced growth of bone and soft tissue has be-come a major tool in the correction of bony deficiency of the skull and face. In this article, the authors discuss the physiology and technique of distraction osteogenesis, or mechanically induced growth,for the correction of congenital and acquired facial deformities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The Robin sequence associated with partial maxillary duplication and multiple facial clefts: a case report.

A case is presented of a male child of recent Yugoslav immigrants born with bilateral facial clefts, bilateral cleft lip and palate and severe micrognathia. Dental evaluation at 2 years revealed a very prominent premaxilla with hypoplastic maxillary deciduous central incisors. The mandible was markedly retrognathic with the patient exhibiting drooling. Panoramic radiographs revealed the presence of all deciduous teeth in addition to a duplication of the right maxillary molar teeth.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2004

Difficult intubation in pediatric cardiac anesthesia.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate cases of difficult intubation in pediatric cardiac surgical patients and to evaluate the importance of associated congenital abnormalities. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Departments of Anesthesiology and Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery of a tertiary university hospital. PARTICIPANTS: All children undergoing congenital heart surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Patients who had difficult intubations according to their anesthetic charts were further evaluated from hospital files for demographic characteristics, associated congenital abnormalities, and perioperative airway and/or respiratory complications. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A total of 1,278 pediatric patients with congenital heart disease were operated on from January 1999 to July 2002. Difficult intubation was encountered in 16 cases (1.25%). Two of these were newborns, 11 were infants, and 3 were in the pediatric age group. Anterior larynx was the most common reason for difficult intubation (7 cases, 43.7%). There were associated syndromes and/or other congenital abnormalities in 8 children (50%). CONCLUSION: The likelihood of difficult intubation during pediatric cardiac surgery, especially in cases with other congenital pathologies should be kept in mind, and the anesthetic approach must be planned accordingly.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed2000

Multiple odontogenic keratocysts in mental retardation-overgrowth (Simpson-Golabi-Behmel) syndrome.

We report on a 10-year-old boy with mental retardation-overgrowth (Simpson-Golabi-Behmel) syndrome. The child had the typical clinical features including, postnatal overgrowth, mental retardation, and a characteristic facial appearance. He was admitted for treatment of multiple mandibular and maxillary cysts. Histopathological examination of the cyst tissue showed keratinized epithelium. Odontogenic keratocysts may have to be added to the typical features of this syndrome.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1999

[The morphological status of the maxillodental system in children living in an area contaminated by radionuclides as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

The present study has been done in the framework of federal programme "Children of Chernobyl" with the aim to determine spread and structure of dental jaw abnormalities in children born and living in the radiation polluted regions after Chernobyl accident in 1986. 183 children have been examined in Donskoi town of Tula Province with the polluted soil by Cs-137 up to 5 Ci/km. All the examined children were divided into 2 groups: group 1--born in 1980-1986 and group 2--born in 1987-1994. It was determined that 76.5% of children have dental jaw system abnormalities. The most spread ones were occlusion abnormalities in combination with teeth abnormalities (28.9% cases) while the state of dental jaw system corresponding to the age standard was 2 times rarer in children born after the Chernobyl accident.

Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced↗