SEARCH · Search PubMed
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Intrathoracic meningocele is rare and is usually associated with neurofibromatosis type I. Most of the reported thoracic meningoceles are not strictly anterior in location, but also lateral or anterolateral. We report a case of true anterior thoracic meningocele with no associated generalized mesenchymal dysplasia.
Cervical meningocele and myelomeningocele are rare spinal dysraphic lesions. Unlike lumbosacral dysraphic lesions, there is often no neurological deficit in infants with cervical lesions, thus the subtle features of cervical cord tethering may be overlooked on imaging. We report a case of cervical meningocele in an 8-month-old girl. The tethering band, confirmed intra-operatively, was not evident on imaging. Untethering of the cord was performed together with resection of the sac and repair of the dura. Tethered cord should be suspected in the presence of cervical meningocele and intact neurology. It should be carefully looked for using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography. Treatment aims to prevent future neurological deterioration, and should include careful intradural exploration with untethering of the cord.
PURPOSE: To determine whether meningocele manqué can be detected by neuroimaging techniques in dysraphic patients. METHODS: We reviewed the records and imaging studies of 16 patients with surgically proved meningocele manqué seen at our institution between 1989 and 1990. Both CT and MR imaging techniques were used. CT of the spine was performed immediately following contrast myelography. RESULTS: Nine of 16 patients (CT, four; and MR, five) showed evidence of meningocele manqué which corresponded to intraoperative findings. Fourteen of 16 patients were found to have diastematomyelia, eight with medium septum and six without a septum. Associated findings included syrinx (six), lipoma (five), dermoid cyst (one), and neuroenteric cyst (one). After completing this review, we were able to prospectively diagnose dorsal bands in two new patients; these bands were confirmed at surgery. CONCLUSION: Dorsal bands can be detected in dysraphic patients with CT or MR using operative findings as a road map.
Herniation of the meninges through a defect of the spinal canal is a spinal meningocele, and is usually located dorsally in the lumbosacral region. Meningoceles are usually part of a complex developmental disorder, or of a systemic disease, or it can be iatrogenic, as well. We report a very rare case of a true anterior thoracic meningocele.
After a brief survey of the forms of cranial meningoencephaloceles, the current opinions on their development, symptoms and surgical therapy, a report is given on the case of a five-year-old boy suffering from a sphenoethmoidal meningocele of the size 3 x 3 x 4 cm. There was at the same time a wide median palate cleft, obviously a consequence of the meningoencephalocele. A further finding presented by the boy was a neuroradiologically diagnosed agenesis of the Corpus callosum and a median cheiloschisis. This suggests a central development disturbance as a primary cause. The attempt to perform an intracranial occlusion of the defect of the base, which was repeated twice, was not successful. It was only by a transpalatinal-transnasal extradural intervention (reposition of the meningocele after removing the epipharyngeal mucosa, blocking of the bony defect with a perforated tantalum plate) that the removal of the meningocele was successful. The closure of the palate cleft was then made by the oral surgeon. This surgical intervention may also be considered for the treatment of the transsphenoidal meningoencephalocele, which also presents many problems.
A marfanoid patient underwent celiotomy for a pelvic mass and was found to have an anterior sacral meningocele. Nine years prior to that time she had undergone surgery because of a "sacrococcygeal cyst," which in retrospect seemed to be a posterior meningocele. The preoperative diagnosis of meningocele is important to successful treatment.
Two cases of intrathoracic meningocele are reported: their association with neurofibromatosis is stressed. The likelihood of a posterior mediastinal mass occurring in a patient with neurofibromatosis being a meningocele is emphasised. A review of the literature is presented. In view of the relatively few cases of intrathoracic meningocele with neurofibromatosis documented since 1933, we feel justified in reporting these 2 cases.
The meningocele and encephalocele are extracranial herniation of single meninges or meninges with brain tissue, through cranial defect. This pathology can be classificated according to contain or localization. The trans-etmoidal encephalocele is the 5% of meningoencephaloceles, and they are the 8-19% of all neural tube dysraphism. We report a 54 year-old woman with a spontaneous rhinorrhea due to an trans-ethmoidal meningocele associate with a recurrent meningitis. The computed tomographic (CT) revealed a trans-ethmoidal meningocele and she was treated with surgery. In presence of a patient with recurrent meningitis is necessary value the possibility of rhinorrhea, and an exhausted radiology study will be fulfill for identify the opening in the skull through leak CSF, and offer the best treatment. The transetmoidal can be a cause of rhinorrhea. The CT scan study of anterior fosa is a good method for diagnostic of this pathology, however, the IRM is the election method.
A 21-year-old man with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF 1) had many widespread cutaneous neurofibroma on his right face. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed basal meningocele due to dysplasia of the skull base. Carotid and vertebral angiograms revealed occlusion of the right internal carotid artery, persistent primitive trigeminal artery. We have reviewed the clinical and radiographic features of this case of neurofibromatosis, meningocele and cerebral arterial abnormalities. NF associated with both intracranial vascular malformation and meningocele is very rare, and in our case both were thought to arise congenitally as a manifestation of mesodermal dysplasia. Careful follow up using MRI and MR angiography should be performed for such patients.
Trans-sphenoid anterobasal temporal lobe meningoceles are rare and can be associated with temporal lobe epilepsy or recurrent meningitis. Surgical treatment is described via complicated infratemporal or intracranial approaches with high morbidity. A 32-year-old man presented with an 18-year history of two types of seizures and confirmed epileptic activity in electroencephalogram. A trans-sphenoid meningocele in the left pterygopalatine fossa was found on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. A midfacial degloving was chosen instead of a large neurosurgical approach to remove it and to repair the dura defect with lyophilized dura, collagen, and abdominal fat. The postoperative course was uneventful without visible scars and the patient remains free of seizures without antiepileptic medication 3 years after surgery. Although midfacial degloving is not described yet as a treatment of trans-sphenoid meningoceles, this approach proved to be fast, safe, effective, and reliable and should be considered as the only alternative to large external approaches.
Little is known about the long-term prognosis of patients with cervical myelocystoceles and meningoceles. In this study, we report the long-term follow-up (average 10 years and 8 months) of 8 patients with cervical myelocystoceles and meningoceles. Neurologic, orthopedic, urologic and psychosocial status was assessed on long-term follow-up. The results indicate that in patients with cervical myelocystoceles, neurologic deficits become noticeable in the first year of life as the infant matures. Motor deficit was common in these patients, whereas sensory and urologic deficits did not occur. We believe that this is related to underlying myelodysplasia. In addition, patients with cervical myelocystoceles tend to have significant orthopedic problems. In contrast, patients with cervical meningoceles do not have neurologic deficits, but do develop mild orthopedic problems.
Sacral defect with anterior meningocele (SDAM) is a type of caudal dysgenesis. It is present at birth and becomes symptomatic later in life, usually because of obstructive labor in females, chronic constipation, rectal fistula and abscess, or meningitis. The inheritance is autosomal dominant. HLA has been implicated in caudal dysgenesis because of analogy with disorders of the T-locus complex, a tail length determining gene in mice which is linked to the major histocompatibility complex, H-2. Members of a 5-generation family with sacral defect and anterior meningocele (SDAM) were typed with polymorphic markers (dinucleotide repeats D6S89, D6S105, D6S109, and TCTE1) linked to HLA. Two-point and multipoint analysis exclude the HLA region as the location for the SDAM gene in this family.
Lateral meningoceles were first described by Lehman et al. [(1977); J Pediatr 90: 49-54] in a patient with other skeletal findings and distinctive craniofacial features. Subsequently, six more patients with the so-called lateral meningocele syndrome (LMS) have been reported. We describe the findings in three new cases and expand the phenotype. The existence of an affected mother and daughter supports the hypothesis that LMS is a dominant disorder affecting primarily the connective tissue.
Four cases of anterior sacral meningocele (ASM) are described, with comparisons between radiological and sonographic findings. On plain films, 2 cases showed the classic scimitar sign, and 1 case showed a defect in the anterior sacrum. The other lesion appeared radiologically to be a purely intrasacral meningocele. Myelography outlined part of the ASM in two cases. Sonography demonstrated the anterior sacral cysts in all cases. Sonography is a noninvasive method of monitoring progress or contraction of a lesion, and it can be used to demonstrate any associated pathology. The combination of plain-film appearances and sonographic findings should be sufficient for diagnostic purposes. If an operative procedure is contemplated, then myelography may be performed in an attempt to outline the stalk.
Anterior sacral meningocele is a rare condition characterized by the herniation of meningeal membranes and cerebrospinal fluid through a defect in the anterior aspect of the sacrum. We report a case of an anterior sacral meningocele that was mimicking an ovarian cyst.
The authors describe a case of large intrathoracic meningocele (16 cm) associated with neurofibromatosis. Computed tomography with metrizamide myelography proved valuable in locating the lesion and in reformation after surgery. The authors make some comments about surgical excision of large meningocele.
Two cases of recurrent anterior spinal meningocele are presented. Both cases were studied by CT. One of them was also investigated by ultrasonography. The value of these methods in the diagnosis of anterior spinal meningoceles is discussed.
A case of traumatic lumbar meningoceles at four levels in combination with total and partial nerve root avulsion and with preservation of a nerve root is reported. Several diagnostic imaging techniques (myelography, CT, myelo-CT and MRI) are compared and their value in demonstrating the continuity of the nerve roots is discussed. MRI could assess the continuity of a nerve root in a traumatic meningocele, not demonstrable by myelography or myelo-CT. The combination of myelography, myelo-CT and MRI is likely to provide a complete diagnostic evaluation of nerve root lesions.