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PubMed1989

[Development of a French-Quebec lipreading test].

To date, there has been no validated speech-reading test available for the French-Canadian population. In the context of rehabilitative services for persons with noise-induced hearing loss, it was felt necessary to develop and validate a speech-reading screening test. Thirty young adults having normal hearing bilaterally and good vision underwent the test. It involved a familiarization list and two lists of 25 independent sentences each. The validation concerned mainly the internal consistency and the equivalence of the lists. Two lists satisfying these criteria are proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Multisensory narrative tracking by a profoundly deaf subject using an electrocutaneous vocoder and a vibrotactile aid.

A congenitally, profoundly deaf adult who had received 41 hours of tactual word recognition training in a previous study was assessed in tracking of connected discourse. This assessment was conducted in three phases. In the first phase, the subject used the Tacticon 1600 electrocutaneous vocoder to track a narrative in three conditions: (a) lipreading and aided hearing (L + H), (b) lipreading and tactual vocoder (L + TV), and (c) lipreading, tactual vocoder, and aided hearing (L + TV + H). Subject performance was significantly better in the L + TV + H condition than in the L + H condition, suggesting that the subject benefitted from the additional information provided by the tactual vocoder. In the second phase, the Tactaid II vibrotactile aid was used in three conditions: (a) lipreading alone, (b) lipreading and tactual aid (L + TA), and (c) lipreading, tactual aid, and aided hearing (L + TA + H). The subject was able to combine cues from the Tactaid II with those from lipreading and aided hearing. In the third phase, both tactual devices were used in six conditions: (a) lipreading alone (L), (b) lipreading and aided hearing (L + H), (c) lipreading and Tactaid II (L + TA), (d) lipreading and Tacticon 1600 (L + TV), (e) lipreading, Tactaid II, and aided hearing (L + TA + H), and (f) lipreading, Tacticon 1600, and aided hearing (L + TV + H). In this phase, only the Tactaid II significantly improved tracking performance over lipreading and aided hearing. Overall, improvement in tracking performance occurred within and across phases of this study.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A 12-consonant confusion study on a multiple-channel cochlear implant patient.

A consonant confusion study was undertaken on a multiple-channel cochlear implant patient using a wearable speech processing device. This patient suffered from total bilateral deafness acquired postlingually. The consonants /b/, /p/, /m/, /v/, /f/, /d/, /t/, /n/, /z/, /s/, /g/, /k/ were presented in a VCV context with the vowel /a/ as in father by a male and female speaker under three conditions: lipreading alone; electrical stimulation alone using the wearable speech processor and multiple-channel cochlear implant; lipreading in conjunction with electrical stimulation. No significant difference was detected between the results for the male and female speakers. The percentage correct scores for the pooled results of both speakers were lipreading alone--30%; electrical stimulation alone--48%; lipreading with electrical stimulation--70%. Performance was significantly better for lipreading with electrical stimulation than for lipreading alone and for electrical stimulation alone than for lipreading alone. An information transmission analysis demonstrated the effective integration of visual and auditory information for lipreading with electrical stimulation. There was a significant improvement in performance for the electrical stimulation alone condition over the 2 months of the study in contrast to no such improvement for lipreading alone.

Cochlear Implants↗
PubMed1982

Cued Speech and the reception of spoken language.

This study was designed to investigate the effect of Cued Speech on the speech reception abilities of profoundly hearing-impaired children under seven conditions of presentation: audition; lipreading; audition and lipreading; cues; audition and cues; lipreading and cues; and audition, lipreading, and cues. The 18 subjects had been taught through the use of Cued Speech for at least 4 years. The subjects were presented with specially designed speech tests (syllables and key words in sentences) which had been recorded on color videotape, and they responded in writing. Speech reception scores of over 95% with the key word in sentence materials and over 80% with the syllables were obtained with lipreading plus cues, and with audition, lipreading plus cues. Equally high levels of accuracy in speech reception by such children have not previously been reported. The subjects also demonstrated the ability to use audition with the sentence materials, both in combination with lipreading and with cues, though there were large individual differences under these conditions. Speech reception abilities in the lipreading-plus-audition condition were highly correlated with scores for speech production, whereas language attainments were correlated with reception through Cued Speech. The implications of these findings to the field of aural rehabilitation are discussed.

Adolescent↗