Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Lie Detection”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Effects of motivation and verbal-response type on psychophysiological detection of information.

Two independent experiments were designed to investigate the effects of motivation to deceive and the type of verbal response on psychophysiological detection using the Guilty Knowledge Technique. The first was a field experiment in which 72 subjects were randomly assigned to 8 experimental conditions. These conditions were created by a 2 x 4 factorial design (two motivational states crossed with four verbal response modes--affirming, denying, repeating, or no verbal response to questions about personal information). The second experiment was a laboratory experiment in which 160 students were assigned to the same 8 conditions. Results of both experiments indicated that highly motivated subjects were detected better than less motivated subjects. The act of lying was associated with enhanced differential responsivity, but no effects were obtained for verbal response versus no response or for variable versus standard verbal response. Differential responsivity tended to decline when questions were repeated. The first experiment revealed a clear advantage of electrodermal measures over respiration and cardiovascular measures. The results were discussed in relation to previous findings, a new theoretical formulation, and practical implications.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Truth, lies, and videotape: an investigation of the ability of federal parole officers to detect deception.

The ability of a group of Canadian federal parole officers to detect deception was investigated over the course of 2 days of lie detection training. On the first day of training, 32 officers judged the honesty of 12 (6 true, 6 fabricated) videotaped speakers describing personal experiences, half of which were judged before and half judged after training. On the second day, 5 weeks later, 20 of the original participants judged the honesty of another 12 videotapes (again, 6 pre- and 6 posttraining). To isolate factors relating to detection accuracy, three groups of undergraduate participants made judgments on the same 24 videotapes: (1) a feedback group, which received feedback on accuracy following each judgment, (2) a feedback + cue information group, which was given feedback and information on empirically based cues to deception, and (3) a control group, which did not receive feedback or cue information. Results indicated that at baseline all groups performed at or below chance levels. However, overall, all experimental groups (including the parole officers) became significantly better at detecting deception than the control group. By the final set of judgments, the parole officers were significantly more accurate (M = 76.7%) than their baseline performance (M = 40.4%) as well as significantly more accurate than the control group (M = 62.5%). The results indicate that detecting deceit is difficult, but training and feedback can enhance detection skills.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The North American polygraph and psychophysiology: disinterested, uninterested, and interested perspectives.

From both a scientific and an applied psychophysiological point of view, the related but different ideas of using physiological measures to differentiate and detect deception are of considerable potential interest. This paper's primary concern is with psychophysiological detection, and it is mainly focused on the North American 'Control' Question 'Test' (CQT). The treatment is disinterested in the sense that there is an insistence on employing fundamental terms in a logically consistent way. Following a detailed description of the CQT, and an analysis of it and related psychophysiological deception procedures, it is suggested that, by and large, the North American research psychophysiological community has failed to measure up to the standards of disinterestedness with respect to the psychophysiological detection of deception. Instead it has adopted an uninterested perspective, which has allowed the interested community of professionals who employ the CQT to hood-wink both themselves and others (including the American Psychological Association) that the CQT is a controversial, but scientifically based, test for detecting deception. As the most cognate organization, the international psychophysiological research community needs to take a more active and disinterested role in this salient purported application of psychophysiology--the detection of deception.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

A psychophysiological study of determinants for detection of deception.

Three studies were conducted to obtain available data on the determinants for detection of deception rates. (a) Psychophysiological measures were evaluated for effectiveness in detecting deception. A relevant-irrelevant method was used with two conditions; neutral stimulus and personal stimulus. Of the physiological variables, skin potential response, skin resistance response, finger pulse volume, and skin blood flow were significant indicators of deception. (b) Three experiments were conducted to study the psychophysiological effects of false and true feedback of skin potential response on the detection rates. It was concluded that the subjects receiving information that they were detectable were easier to detect than the subjects who believed that they were not detected and the subjects who received feedback of actual responses. (c) With the use of skin potential response channel, significant detection rates were obtained for all experiments under the condition that subjects verbally lied by means of "No" responses. On the other hand, the subjects who were motivated to deceive produced differentially augmented responses in the absence of any verbal response and also when the subjects told the truth to critical items and lied to irrelevant ones.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Science and the CQT polygraph. A theoretical critique.

Despite substantial contrary scientific evidence, polygraph tests to detect deception continue to be employed in the United States. It is argued that polygraph tests (in particular, the Control Question Technique) lack construct validity. Polygraph tests do not assess deceptiveness, but rather are situations designed to elicit and assess fear. Correct decisions may be obtained when subjects fear detection; however, because there is no way to determine the cause of a subject's fear or anxiety, validation is impossible. The paper also considers other physiological detection paradigms and concludes that because of the nature of honesty their use to detect deception is unlikely.

Arousal↗
PubMed2001

Practical methods for detecting mendacity: a case study.

This study demonstrates the concurrence of the use of objective verbal and nonverbal signs and lying. President Clinton's Grand jury Testimony of August 17, 1998, was examined for the presence of 23 clinically practical signs of dissimulation selected from 64 peer-reviewed articles and 20 books on mendacity. A segment of his testimony that was subsequently found to be false was compared with a control period during the same testimony (internal control). A fund-raising speech to a sympathetic crowd served as a second control (external control). The frequencies of the 23 signs in the mendacious speech were compared with their frequencies during the control periods, and the differences were analyzed for statistical significance. No clinical examination was performed nor diagnosis assigned. During the mendacious speech, the subject markedly increased the frequency of 20 out of 23 signs compared with their frequency during the fund-raising control speech (p < .0005). He increased the frequency of 19 signs compared with their frequency during the control period of the same testimony (p < .003). The 23 signs may be useful as indicators of the veracity of videotaped and scripted testimony. If these findings are confirmed through further testing, they could, with practice, be used by psychiatrists conducting interviews.

Anxiety↗
PubMed2004

The relationship between malingerers' intelligence and MMPI-2 knowledge and their ability to avoid detection.

One of the most frequently administered psychometrics is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). Occasionally, those participants taking the MMPI-2 will malinger or exaggerate their symptoms. Several malingering detection devices are available, and a significant body of literature exists concerning their efficacy. However, little research is available considering those factors that facilitate successfully evading detection as a malingerer. Some of these studies have identified general intelligence and knowledge of the MMPI-2 as key variables in the likelihood of escaping detection as a malingerer. The extant research considered the utility of general intelligence and knowledge of the MMPI-2 as predictors in avoiding detection as a malingerer. To detect malingering, the two traditional detection devices were employed: the F-Scale and the F - K Index. Results indicate that intelligence and MMPI-2 knowledge contribute significantly to the likelihood of successfully escaping detection as a malingerer.

Aptitude↗