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Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

A CT and MRI scan to MCNP input conversion program.

We describe a new program to read a sequence of tomographic scans and prepare the geometry and material sections of an MCNP input file. Image processing techniques include contrast controls and mapping of grey scales to colour. The user interface provides several tools with which the user can associate a range of image intensities to an MCNP material. Materials are loaded from a library. A separate material assignment can be made to a pixel intensity or range of intensities when that intensity dominates the image boundaries; this material is assigned to all pixels with that intensity contiguous with the boundary. Material fractions are computed in a user-specified voxel grid overlaying the scans. New materials are defined by mixing the library materials using the fractions. The geometry can be written as an MCNP lattice or as individual cells. A combination algorithm can be used to join neighbouring cells with the same material.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2000

Ethics and access to teaching materials in the medical library.

The American Library Association's Library Bill of Rights states that "Materials should not be excluded because of the origin, background, or views of those contributing to their creation." Medical ethicists question the use of data derived from experimentation that may have involved inhuman and degrading treatment of subjects or disrespect of a human corpse. Thus conflict between the upholding of ethical standards of research and freedom of information occurs. This conflict was brought to attention of the medical and library communities when journal articles purported that the source of the subjects for the illustrations in the classic anatomy atlas, Eduard Pernkopf's Topographische Anatomie des Menschen, were victims of the Nazi holocaust. While there has never been any dispute about the accuracy or educational value of the work, efforts were made to remove the book from medical libraries. Were these efforts a violation of the Library Bill of Rights or is it the responsibility of the library to discard those items that do not meet current standards of medical ethics? Librarians made different choices about what to do with the controversial Pernkopf title.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1994

Construction of cDNA libraries from limiting amounts of material.

The use of cDNA libraries has become increasingly widespread as new techniques for library construction and analysis have become available. In recent years, interest in cell-type or stage-specific gene expression has necessitated the construction of cDNA libraries from very small numbers of cells. Recent advances in techniques of RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis, library construction, and the use of the polymerase chain reaction have made this a realistic goal.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Identification of a blue photoluminescent composite material from a combinatorial library

A quaternary combinatorial masking strategy was used in conjunction with photolithography to generate compositionally diverse thin-film phosphor libraries containing 1024 different compositions on substrates 2.5 centimeters square. A parallel imaging system and scanning spectrophotometer were used to identify and characterize compositions in the library with interesting luminescent behavior. Optimal compositions were identified with the use of gradient libraries, in which the stoichiometry of a material was varied continuously. This process led to the identification of an efficient blue photoluminescent composite material, Gd3Ga5O12/SiO2. Experimental evidence suggests that luminescence in this material may arise from interfacial effects between SiO2 and Gd3Ga5O12.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1965

RANDOM THOUGHTS ABOUT MEDICAL LIBRARY PLANNING.

There seems to be enough material about library planning, but since mistakes, obvious ones, are made, maybe it is information without meaning. Sources of planning material are discussed, and some new libraries are considered. The necessity of discarding is urged, and methods of bringing it about are suggested.

Architecture↗
PubMed1998

Developing a healthcare law library.

Legal materials are expensive, bulky, and extremely time sensitive. Selecting the appropriate means of ensuring easy access to easily-retrievable, timely legal materials is of extreme importance to any lawyer. The author gives an overview of the various means of retrieving necessary research, including the strengths and weaknesses of each of the various options.

Budgets↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Directed-sorting method for synthesis of bead-based combinatorial libraries of heterogeneous catalysts.

The synthesis and analysis of inorganic material combinatorial libraries by a directed-sorting, split-pool bead method was demonstrated. Directed-sorting, split-pool, metal-loaded libraries were synthesized by adsorbing metal salts (H2PtCl6, SnCl2, CuCl2, and NiCl2) and metal standards (Pt, Cu, Ni in HCl) onto 2-mg porous gamma-alumina beads in 96- or 384-well plates. A matrix algorithm for the synthesis of bead libraries treated each bead as a member of a row or column of a given matrix. Computer simulations and manual tracking of the sorting process were used to assess library diversity. The bead compositions were analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. The metal-loaded beads were analyzed by laser-activated membrane introduction mass spectroscopy (LAMIMS) for catalytic activity using methylcyclohexane dehydrogenation to toluene as a probe reaction. The catalytic activity of individual beads that showed minimal (approximately 20% of that of Pt on alumina) to high conversion could be determined semiquantitatively by LAMIMS. This method, therefore, provides an alternative to screening using microreactors for reactors that employ catalysts in the form of beads. The directed-sorting method offers the potential for synthesis of focused libraries of inorganic materials through relatively simple benchtop split-pool chemistry.

Catalysis↗
PubMed2002

Receptor for hyaluronan acid-mediated motility (RHAMM) is a new immunogenic leukemia-associated antigen in acute and chronic myeloid leukemia.

OBJECTIVE: Identification of leukemia-associated antigens (LAA) eliciting an immune response in patients is a prerequisite for specific immunotherapy of leukemias. To identify new LAA, we used the method of serologic screening of cDNA expression libraries (SEREX). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A SEREX library of the cell line K562 was subjected to allogeneic screening with sera from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) vs sera from healthy volunteers. RESULTS: The receptor for hyaluronan acid-mediated motility (RHAMM) involved in cell growth and metastasis was identified as a new LAA. Serologic responses to RHAMM were observed in patients with AML (42%), CML (31%), melanoma (83%), renal cell carcinoma (40%), breast cancer (67%), and ovarian carcinoma (50%), but not in HV or patients with autoimmune diseases. RHAMM mRNA was detectable in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMN) of 60% of newly diagnosed AML patients. Western blotting stained positive for RHAMM protein in 70% of AML patients. mRNA expression of RHAMM also was found in patients with CML (40%), renal cell carcinoma (73%), breast carcinoma (60%), and ovarian carcinoma (50%). In melanoma, RHAMM mRNA expression was detected in metastases (80%) but not in primary tumors. RHAMM is differentially expressed: significant mRNA expression was not found in normal tissues, except from testis, placenta, and thymus, or in PBMN- and CD34-separated cell samples of healthy volunteers. CONCLUSIONS: RHAMM is an immunogenic antigen in leukemias and solid tumors and might be a potential target structure for cellular immunotherapies and antibody therapies.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

PubMed enhancements: fulfilling the promise of a great product.

There have been many recent changes to PubMed to enhance its usefulness. Those changes include: LinkOut Libraries (local holding field), PubMed Central (full-text articles archived by the National Library of Medicine), and LinkOut (access to full-text articles right from the PubMed citation). Medical librarians should be aware of how these features work to best assist their clients. These new features offer the possibility of true desktop access for library patrons. Not only will patrons appreciate these new features, but their use in libraries will literally change what we do, who does it, and how it is done.

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMed1970

An overview of RMP library activities: present and future.

The creation of the Regional Medical Programs has resulted in the origin of many library-related projects. Different regions have had a variety of projects. Surveys of resources in hospital libraries, continuing medical education surveys, and workshops for training hospital library personnel have been frequent. Instructional materials for library education have been developed or improved. Reference services have been stressed in many regions, and union lists of serials have been started. Grants for library projects total $1.4 million.

Education, Continuing↗