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PubMed1981

[Motility disturbances of the large intestine].

Motility disturbances of the large intestine, which appear in various conditions of a disease, are based on a reduction, the loss or an intensivation of the contractility as well as on a disorganization of the motor activity. Also in the region of the large intestine the normal motoricity can underlie such disturbances, such as retarded or accelerated passage, passage in wrong direction as well as increased turbulence or increased content. Retarded passage of the large intestine leads to obstipation and in advanced form to ileus. The leading symptom in accelerated passage is the diarrhoea. The passage in wrong direction disturbs the motoricity of the colon in the case of a lesion of the ileocaecal valves. Increased turbulence of the content of the large intestine is one of the causes of obstipation, particularly, when it appears in a retarded passage. The disturbances of the laminary flow are characteristic for a diverticulosis. The motor activity of the colon is influenced by many factors, mainly by the central nervous system, the gastrointestinal hormones (cholecystokinin, gastrin, serotonin, insulin and prostaglandins), the diet and the way of life. The motor disturbances are accompanied by bioelectric disturbances of the colon. In the second part of the lecture some pathogenetic and clinical aspects of the most frequently appearing motor disturbance of the large intestine, the irritable colon, are discussed.

Colitis↗
PubMed2005

Bacterially synthesized folate and supplemental folic acid are absorbed across the large intestine of piglets.

A large pool of folate exists in the large intestine of humans. Preliminary evidence, primarily in vitro, suggests that this folate may be bioavailable. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that supplemental folic acid and bacterially synthesized folate are absorbed across the large intestine of piglets. The pig was used as an animal model because it resembles the human in terms of folate absorption, at least in the small intestine. A tracer of [3H]-folic acid or [3H]-para-aminobenzoic acid ([3H]-PABA), a precursor of bacterially synthesized folate, was injected into the cecum of 11-day-old piglets. Feces and urine were collected for 3 days. Thereafter, piglets were killed, and livers and kidneys harvested. [3H]-Folate was isolated from biological samples by affinity chromatography using immobilized milk folate binding proteins and counted using a scintillation counter. In piglets injected with [3H]-folic acid, the feces, liver, urine and kidneys accounted for 82.1%, 12.3%, 3.9% and 1.7% of recovered [3H]-folate, respectively. In piglets injected with [3H]-PABA, the amount of recovered bacterially synthesized folate in the feces, liver and urine was 85.1%, 0.4% and 14.6%, respectively. Twenty-three percent and 13% of tritium were recovered in samples examined (liver, kidney, fecal and urine) from piglets injected with [3H]-folic acid and [3H]-PABA, respectively. Using our estimates of [3H]-folic acid absorption and the total and percent monoglutamyl folate content of piglet feces, we predict that at least 18% of the dietary folate requirement for the piglet could be met by folate absorption across the large intestine.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1986

[Ligament system of the large intestine].

Unconstant ligaments of the large intestine perform the function of its additional fixation. Their number increases as the mobility of the large intestine intensifies. During operative interventions the ligaments of the large intestine should be preserved. If their cutting is necessary, they should be subsequently restored.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Modelling long-term survival of horses following surgery for large intestinal disease.

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Large intestinal diseases are an important cause of equine colic that require surgical management, but there is little published information about long-term survival of such cases. OBJECTIVES: To identify variables associated with post operative mortality and to develop a model for post operative survival following surgery for large intestinal disease. METHODS: Clinical data and long-term follow-up information from 275 horses undergoing surgery for large intestinal disease were used. A multivariable, Cox proportional hazards model for post operative death was developed and the fit of the model evaluated. RESULTS: The continuous variables age, heart rate and packed cell volume (PCV) were associated positively with the risk of post operative death, as were the categorical variables resection (odds ratio [OR] 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-5.1) and relaparotomy (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.4-8.4). CONCLUSIONS: In the population studied, the probability of post operative survival following surgery for large intestinal disease was associated with the cardiovascular parameters heart rate and PCV on admission, age of the horse and whether it underwent resection or relaparotomy. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: The prognosis for post operative survival for horses with large intestinal disease may be improved by early surgery, prior to the development of cardiovascular compromise. Surgeons should be aware that increasing age, resection of large colon and relaparotomy are all associated with a worsening prognosis for survival.

Age Factors↗