[The preventive background as an integrative program of mass curative measures for the healthy population].
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The article is animated essentially by a conviction of the feasibility and necessity of acting to improve the health of workers by making the most of the opportunities and instruments offered by the medical sciences. Following an account of the present status of occupational health/occupational medicine in Brazil, a description is given of the areas in which action could be taken in these fields in Brazil today, and the priorities in the areas of instruction, research and community services are identified, which are the proper province of the medical schools. The article then states the characteristics and policies of a Comprehensive Occupational Medicine Program as a practical alternative for new programs. This program should not necessarily become a new discipline or department in the medical school, but be conceived, implemented and administered as a system, that is, as an inter- or multidisciplinary network, and should hence have an advisory committee representing the departments in the school that participate in the program. To facilitate the establishment of this network, the article proposes setting up a central unit for the program and enumerates the functions it should have. Finally, a number of strategies for implementation of the program are proposed and some activities identified that could be set in motion in the short term.
1068 patients were examined using a unified diagnostic protocol. 618 patients at high risk were screened out, and underwent further instrumental and surgical investigation. 17 cases of breast cancer were detected, while the remaining patients were addressed to an appropriate, highly reliable and repeatable follow-up for breast care.
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1. During 1976, it was evaluated the treatment of 45 cases of neurosis, carried out by monitors (D4) of the External Consultation of Barros Luco-Trudeau Hospital. 2. It is emphasized that the cost of the program in terms of professional hours and economic resources is low. 3. From 156 patients referred to therapy, 88 deserted (56,4%); 23 attend without finishing therapy (14,7%), and 45 completed it (28,8%). 4. It seems important to carry out studies about the factors that influence the desertion to the psychotherapy offered by our psychiatric services. To establish comparisons between the attendance to the group therapy, and also between the attendance to the group therapy carried out by professionals and carried out by monitors. 5. In the patients that complete therapy (12 sessions of 1,5 hours, once a week) the total improvement is 79,1%, the partial, 11,3%, and there is no modification in 9,3%.
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29 out of 34 consecutive patients of pediatric age, operated upon for posterior fossa medulloblastoma, were divided into 2 groups according to the chemotherapeutic treatment (intrathecal methotrexate or intravenous cyclophosphamide) received at random after surgery and radiation treatment. The modalities of irradiation and chemotherapy are described. 9 patients have not yet shown a local recurrence and are alive at varous intervals after surgery. Only 1 patient with local recurrence is still alive 31 months after the primary operation. The mean actuarial survival of the whole series of patients is about 38 months. Differences between the two groups, concerning either the survival rate till local recurrence, or the general and neurologic conditions of survival, are not statistically significant. Hematologic toxicity was more pronounced in the group treated with cyclophosphamide, whereas late neurologic sequelae were a more prominent feature of the intrathecal methotrexate trial.