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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Linking primary care information systems and public health information networks: lessons from the Philippines.

Community-based primary care information systems are one of the building blocks for national health information systems. In the Philippines, after the devolution of health care to local governments, we observed "health information system islands" connected to national vertical programs being implemented in devolved health units. These structures lead to a huge amount of "information work" in the transformation of health information at the community level. This paper describes work done to develop and implement the open-source Community Based Health Information Tracking System (CHITS) Project, which was implemented to address this information management problem and its outcomes. Several lessons learned from the field as well as software development strategies are highlighted in building community level information systems that link to national level health information systems.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1989

Management information system for leprosy eradication programme--an alternative information system.

For efficient monitoring of multidrug therapy programmes for leprosy both at microlevel (individual patient monitoring) as well as microlevel (programme monitoring), DANIDA decided to develop an alternative, simple and quick information system using a computer. A patient data base system was designed using dBase III Plus package. The field workers of the National Leprosy Eradication Programme were trained in transcribing data on to coded data sheets. The data of 1750 patients of six leprosy control units from the 4 MDT districts were processed and feedback reports were sent to paramedical workers and programme managers. The initial experience in the field over the past year has shown that a computerized management information system is feasible and well accepted by the field staff for the purpose of improving monitoring.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed2002

Exploratory spatial analysis of pilot fatality rates in general aviation crashes using geographic information systems.

Geographic information systems and exploratory spatial analysis were used to describe the geographic characteristics of pilot fatality rates in 1983-1998 general aviation crashes within the continental United States. The authors plotted crash sites on a digital map; rates were computed at regular grid intersections and then interpolated by using geographic information systems. A test for significance was performed by using Monte Carlo simulations. Further analysis compared low-, medium-, and high-rate areas in relation to pilot characteristics, aircraft type, and crash circumstance. Of the 14,051 general aviation crashes studied, 31% were fatal. Seventy-four geographic areas were categorized as having low fatality rates and 53 as having high fatality rates. High-fatality-rate areas tended to be mountainous, such as the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian region, whereas low-rate areas were relatively flat, such as the Great Plains. Further analysis comparing low-, medium-, and high-fatality-rate areas revealed that crashes in high-fatality-rate areas were more likely than crashes in other areas to have occurred under instrument meteorologic conditions and to involve aircraft fire. This study demonstrates that geographic information systems are a valuable tool for injury prevention and aviation safety research.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed2001

Improvements in billing processes and information systems increase cash collections in a public health care system.

Management information systems are an essential tool for health care managers. Denver Health, an integrated safety net institution, upgraded its financial management information system during 1997 and experienced almost an 18 percent or $23 million increase in cash collections from 1997 to 1998 and a 17 percent or over $25 million increase from 1998 to 1999. Cash collections continued to increase in 2000 with a $12.0 million (6.8%) ncrease over 1999. This article explains the information system factors that have contributed to this increase and describes the continued management efforts that are expected to continue to improve cash collections.

Colorado↗
PubMed1990

Embedding expert systems in laboratory information systems.

Expert systems (ESs) may enhance decision making throughout most steps in the clinical laboratory testing process. By embedding ES capabilities in a laboratory information system (LIS), the LIS gains the capability of symbolic reasoning whereas the ES gains use of the LIS database and communications resources. Design considerations include modular integration, performing timely inferences, sparing LIS resources, and providing a syntax that facilitates knowledge base development and verification by laboratorians. The LIS notifies the ES of specimen status changes through an event log. An event scanner finds events that are relevant to prestored knowledge frames and passes this information to an inference processor through instance records. If conditions specified in the knowledge frames are satisfied, an alert processor sends a message to a CRT, printer, file, or report. Examples of applications during order entry, specimen distribution, processing, and results reporting are presented.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed2002

The evolution of diabetes information systems.

Diabetes information systems have already evolved rapidly in recent years along a developmental pathway initiated by the St Vincent Declaration, fuelled by the rapid pace of IT development in the 1990s and now endorsed by the emerging NHS information strategy. They will be central to the delivery of 'patient-centred' care and essential to supporting and monitoring the diabetes national service framework implementation. Widespread experience has identified three key principles. Firstly the need for a core data set that supports both service delivery and quality development. Secondly, because of the multiprofessional, multisector nature of diabetes care, there is a need to reconcile information from many diverse sources into unitary diabetes care records. Thirdly the crucial importance of making data collection a by-product of every day care delivery (i.e. no duplicate data entry). The work of many local innovators, allied to the increasing experience of the Diabetes UK sponsored UKDIABS project has generated substantial expertise. With the aid of new extraction/analysis tools such as QUIDS and a consistent approach to assessment, this work has hopefully laid secure foundations for monitoring the implementation of the national service framework. Furthermore, parallel developments under the aegis of the National electronic Library for Health (NeLH) should enable those involved with diabetes care to access relevant knowledge and information with ease. Increasingly user friendly ways by which patients can interact with their electronic records and linked knowledge sources will create many new opportunities. Diabetes information systems are likely to be at the forefront of diabetes care delivery in the future, providing patients and professionals with timely and accurate data for the organization and delivery of care.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1996

[Design of an information system for primary care. Task Force for the design of an information system for primary care].

OBJECTIVE: To design an information system for the use of primary care professionals in the city of Barcelona's health districts, which breaks down the population and so assists the organisation of health care, identifies needs, establishes a monitoring system and evaluates the programmes set up. DESIGN: By consulting groups of experts. SETTING: Primary health care. PARTICIPANTS: Experts connected with primary care or with knowledge of community health measurement (general practitioners, paediatricians, public health technicians, primary care managers). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Discussion sessions defined the design of the information for the system. The information sources used needed to be accessible to the Municipal Health Institute of Barcelona (city roll of residents, population census, car, real estate, mortality, birth and vaccination registers and the register of notifiable diseases). An information system was designed with a population base which contributed information about community and health. CONCLUSIONS: The system designed broadens our knowledge of certain health determiners and of the health needs of the primary care team's catchment community. It can aid doctors' decision-making.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Quality management with information systems].

Three information systems are described, whose data are simultaneously used for quality management and others tasks. They show, that the completeness of documented diagnoses is dependent of their appraisal of the physicians. The support of coding by information technology brings an essential improvement. The compliance of physicians with rules has to be reviewed in regular intervals. Quality assurance of a process should be made in short intervals, to be able to intervene in time. Individual efficiency control stimulates each participant to improve his work. These examples show, that information systems can undertake quality management and other tasks besides. Such systems are important, when hospitals attend KTQ-certification.

Documentation↗
PubMed2003

Approaches in European health information systems architectures.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in healthcare represents a fundamental and highly qualifying pre-requisite for enabling the interoperability of information systems, the continuity of the caring process to the patient over the territory, the creation of an integrated electronic healthcare record, as well as the monitoring and optimisation of the organisational and economical aspects of healthcare enterprises. This paper presents a European architectural strategy for healthcare information systems, capable of facilitating the evolution of the existing procedures and their smooth integration into a homogeneous information and functional infrastructure, without requiring major modifications in already existing modules and protecting, therefore, previous investments.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed2006

Nursing intensity and patient classification in a patient information system.

Patient information systems have been available and implemented in many intensive care units for several years and still nursing research has little evidence from the use of the recorded data. One of the focus areas in Finnish nursing research is the use of information technology in evidence based nursing. The nursing intensity and patient classification assessments are important part of intensive care units data in Finnish patient information systems. Our main goal was to conduct a pilot study concerning nursing intensity and patient classification together with patient records to find out if this will provide more information on the nursing intensity.

Critical Care↗
PubMed1995

Integrating a health IC card system into a hospital information system.

As an experiment, a health IC card has been linked into the hospital information system of the National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) Hospital. The NCKU Hospital Information System (NCKU-HIS) services all the procedures for patient registration, billing, prescriptions, and the processing and storing of test results. The health IC card system provides good quality information to the doctors, the hospital, the patients, and the insurance organizations. For a fully comprehensive system, it is essential to integrate the health IC card system into the operational NCKU-HIS, the communication protocols, and the national insurance procedures. The experiment was designed to see if the development of such a system was feasible, and the results have been impressive. It has proved possible to operate the health IC card system, linking into different machines under different computing environments. A single computer system to store all the data of all the patients and to process all the nation's healthcare information would require almost unlimited mainframe processing power and unlimited storage. It would be very difficult to construct such a large computerized information system. All the hospitals would be required to use the same data format to process their information, and a large national healthcare network would have to be built, making the collection and storage of personal medical information very difficult and probably inefficient and unsatisfactory. Even if it was possible, it would be a very costly and time-consuming task. An IC card is cheap and easy to use, and offers an alternative solution to the problem of handling the nation's healthcare information. The original healthcare IC card experiment (started in 1990) was limited to the NCKU Hospital and the Taiwan Government Employees' Clinic. The experimental system was designed to be fully integrated into the NCKU-HIS and has been widely accepted by the users, especially the IC card-holding patients. It is also well-suited to the management of healthcare insurance. An expanded healthcare IC card system was implemented from the end of 1993 and covers six clinics and six hospitals in Penghu County. The operation of the registration and billing subsystems are supported by PC workstations in a client/server network as these subsystems are used very frequently. Some of the other computerized functions in the NCKU-HIS are supported by the mainframe TANDEM computer system. The interfaces with the communication protocols and application software provide for the effective two-way transfer of data and programs. For future use, consideration is being given to the employment of the Health Level Seven (HL/7) protocol for electronic data interchange. National standards such as Chinese information processing, the use of standard codes, the authorization of the content of the IC card, and communication protocols are already incorporated in the system.

Hospital Information Systems↗
PubMed2003

The classification of clinicians' information needs while using a clinical information system.

INTRODUCTION: Information needs are prevalent in clinical practice. They represent a potential source of medical errors. This study seeks to empirically determine the information needs of clinicians while using a clinical information system (CIS), and characterize those needs. In addition this paper will provide the framework necessary for the development of the solutions to these information needs. METHODS: Clinicians were observed while using a CIS. They were recorded on audiotape and the computer screen recorded on videotape. The types of question during these interactions were recorded. A classification of the questions provided the conceptual and architectural basis for the development of context-sensitive links to information resources, called infobuttons. RESULTS: There were 154 information needs. The questions were grouped into seven categories. Within these categories we were able to identify eleven specific repeated question patterns, accounting for 72 or 47% of users' questions. DISCUSSION: These findings are applicable to a number of settings and can be generalized to other institutions. The proposed infobuttons based on six categories, will be navigational ('how-to.' links), cross-reference ('what is the em leader ' links), domain knowledge buttons in the areas of laboratory, pharmacy, diagnosis, and definitions/general information. Using these groups we were able to identity eleven patterns of questions.

Clinical Medicine↗
PubMed2005

Information systems for the materials management department: stand-alone and enterprise resource planning systems.

Materials management information systems (MMISs) incorporate information tools that hospitals can use to automate certain business processes, increase staff compliance with these processes, and identify opportunities for cost savings. Recently, there has been a push by hospital administration to purchase enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, information systems that promise to integrate many more facets of healthcare business. We offer this article to help materials managers, administrators, and others involved with information system selection understand the changes that have taken place in materials management information systems, decide whether they need a new system and, if so, whether a stand-alone MMIS or an ERP system will be the best choice.

Computer Security↗