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Results for “HEART VALVE DISEASES”

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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Is there any difference in quality of life after 12 months surgical treatment of acquired heart valve disease in comparison to results after three months?].

The quality of life in eighty patients three and twelve months after surgical treatment of acquired heart valve disease was assessed. The significant extension of distance in 6 minute walk test and clinical improvement measured in change of NYHA functional classes after three and twelve months was noticed. However twelve months after valve replacement in comparison to results after three months no further improvement of quality of life in the matter of physical, psychical and social factors was seen.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1996

Prevalence and clinical significance of antiphospholipid antibodies in heart valve disease: a case-control study.

The purposes of this study were (1) to assess the prevalence of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies in patients with non-specific heart valve disease referred for valve replacement and (2) to determine whether the presence of aPL antibodies carries a risk for thrombotic events during a postoperative follow-up in a prospective cohort. The sera of 89 consecutive patients and 80 matched control subjects were tested for antibodies to cardiolipin (immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M) and for lupus anticoagulant. The prevalence of aPL antibodies was significantly higher in patients (19 [21%] of 89) than in control subjects (7 [9%] of 80) (p < 0.05). Patients were divided into two subgroups according to the presence (subgroup A) or the absence (subgroup B) of aPL antibodies. No significant difference in age or sex ratio was observed between the two subgroups. A history of arterial thrombosis was more frequent in subgroup A (8 [42%] of 19) than in subgroup B (8 [11%] of 70) (p < 0.01). No significant difference with respect to the occurrence of thrombotic events was observed during a median follow-up period of 8.7 months. Thus a high prevalence of aPL antibodies was found in patients referred for heart valve replacement compared with matched control subjects. No increased risk has been demonstrated in the patients with aPL antibodies.

Antibodies, Anticardiolipin↗
PubMed1999

A new diagnostic procedure for assessing intracardiac flow disturbances in patients with heart valve disease.

BACKGROUND: Until now no diagnostic technique was available for the three-dimensional (3D) study of intracardiac blood flow abnormalities in patients with heart valve disease. 3D color Doppler is a new diagnostic technique first developed at our institution. METHODS: The 3D reconstructions of the blood flow velocity data have been obtained from conventional multiplanar transesophageal or transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic examinations. We analyzed 111 reconstructions of color Doppler data obtained from 85 patients with different heart valve diseases who underwent intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography. Sixty-nine patients had a significant mitral regurgitation, 7 mitral stenosis, 9 aortic regurgitation, 12 aortic stenosis, 14 tricuspid regurgitation. Three patients had pulmonary regurgitation associated with mitral valve disease. RESULTS: 3D color Doppler disclosed the complex spatial spreading of the blood flow abnormalities caused by heart valve disease. New patterns of intracardiac blood flow disturbances could be observed and classified. CONCLUSIONS: This paper shows the first clinical applications of 3D color Doppler in patients with heart valve disease. The new insights derived from the 3D study of intracardiac blood flow dynamics revealed a great impact of this technique on the clinical management of patients with heart valve disease.

Coronary Circulation↗
PubMed2006

[Reoperation about recurrent heart valve disease in 221 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively review the experience of reoperation after closed mitral commissurotomy, valvuloplasty, perivalvular leakage and dysfunction of bioprosthetic valve in 221 cases. METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-one patients underwent heart valve reoperation from January 1998 to August 2005. Among them, 8 cases was emergency operation. The reasons of reoperation included 105 cases suffered from mitral valve restenosis after closed mitral commisurotomy, 37 cases suffered from valve lesion after mitral or aortic valvuloplasty, 29 cases suffered from perivalvular leakage after valve replacement. Eighteen cases suffered from bioprosthetic valve decline, 9 cases suffered from dysfunction of machine valve, 7 cases suffered from tricuspid insufficiency of Ebstein, 5 cases suffered from prosthetic valve endocarditis and 11 cases suffered from other valve disease. The re-operations were mitral valve replacement, mitral and aortic valve replacement, aortic valve replacement and tricuspid valve replacement. The interval from first operation to next operation was 1 - 21 years. RESULTS: The early-stage postoperative mortality was 8.6% (19/221). And the reasons were low cardiac output syndrome, arrhythmia, multiple organ dysfunction failure (MODF) and renal failure. Among these the emergency operative mortality was 3/8. And the mortality was 14.5% (9/62) in class IV of cardiac function (NYHA). CONCLUSIONS: The risk factors of reoperation about heart valve disease include emergency operation, low preoperative cardiac function, MODF, long time of cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic blocking. Therefore it is emphasized that mastering and treating the risk factors promptly, which could decrease the mortality and incidence of complication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Significance of surgically corrected heart valve diseases on fertility].

We report on 111 patients, who were operated for heart valve failure. The influence of the operation on fertility was examined. Only 24 women became pregnant. From 34 pregnancies, 4 resulted in early abortion; in 12 cases abortion was performed (8 times for medical reasons), therefore 18 children were born. The remaining 87 operated patients (78.4%) never became pregnant, although only 29 patients were advised against pregnancy. 27 patients decided on various contraceptive methods by themselves.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed2000

[Quality of life assessment 3 months after surgical treatment of acquired heart valve disease].

The quality of life in 114 patients with acquired heart valve disease 3 months after surgical treatment was estimated. The significant improvement of quality of life in the matter of physical, psychical and social factors after mitral, aortic and double valve replacement was noted. It was accompanied by increase of exercise capacity measured in 6-minute walk test and changing of NYHA functional classes. No correlation was found between age of patients, selected echocardiographic parameters and quality of life improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Current diagnosis and therapy in heart valve diseases].

We present a survey of the current standard in diagnosis and therapy of the most frequent heart valve lesions. During the last 50 years there has been a dramatic shift concerning the etiology of valve lesions with a rise of the age-dependent degenerative towards rheumatic valve diseases. The aim of the diagnostic evaluation of valve lesions is primarily the clinical and hemodynamic grading of the severity of the valve disease, the recognition of relevant coexisting cardiac and extracardiac diseases and furthermore, an optimal timing of surgery in close correlation with the cardiac surgeons.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Antithrombotic therapy in native heart valve disease.

In establishing the indication for anticoagulation of patients with native heart valve disease, those with thromboembolic events and/or atrial fibrillation (AF) must be distinguished from patients with sinus rhythm. Anticoagulation should be started as a matter of principle in patients with thromboembolic events and/or AF who do not undergo valve replacement. However, a more differentiated procedure is mandatory for patients with sinus rhythm. If the left atrium is enlarged, spontaneous echo contrast is detected, and/or there is no atrial contraction and/or reduced left ventricular pump function (e.g., in patients with mitral valve stenosis), then anticoagulation with a target INR of 2.5 is indicated, even in those with sinus rhythm. Whereas rheumatic mitral valve stenosis predominates in developing countries, aortic stenosis (AS) predominates in developing countries. These AS patients mainly suffer microemboli that often determine the prognosis in patients with calcification of the mitral annulus. Anticoagulation is not recommended in calcific microemboli. If there are simultaneous atherothrombotic plaques of the aortic arch > 5 mm in size owing to an often more complex cardiovascular risk profile, then warfarin treatment is indicated. Mitral valve prolapse (MVP), patient foramen ovale and atrial septal aneurysm are potential sources of embolism that may cause stroke. On their own, these congenital lesions do not entail an indication for anticoagulation. This applies in particular to patients with MVP in whom secondary prevention of stroke can be attained with 100 mg aspirin.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1998

[Intracardiac thrombosis and consecutive thromboembolisms in patients with heart valve diseases: predisposition and concepts for prevention].

For patients with acquired heart valve lesions with increased risk for intracardiac thrombosis and consequent cardiogenic embolism there is consensus that oral anticoagulation therapy improves the overall prognosis. In mitral valve lesions anticoagulation is necessary after manifestation of atrial fibrillation or in cases of unstable sinus rhythm. The risk for thromboembolic events is increasing parallel to the enlargement of the left ventricular enddiastolic diameter, the left atrial size and dropping cardiac index. Spontaneous echo contrast (so called smoke like echos) indicate a prethrombotic state. In these cases an intensive anticoagulation is indicated. Aortic valve lesions require anticoagulation after manifestation of atrial fibrillation, the first manifestation of a thromboembolism or of spontaneous echo contrast. The risk for thromboembolism is increasing parallel to the reduction of left ventricular pump function. Life long oral anticoagulation therapy should be managed by use of the International Normalized Ratio (INR), and should be individualized taking into account patient related cardiac morphology and physiology, which may predispose to cardiogenic embolism. The target INR can range between 2.0 and 4.0.

Fibrinolytic Agents↗
PubMed2000

Three-dimensional color Doppler reconstruction of intracardiac blood flow in patients with different heart valve diseases.

An improved perception of the magnitude and dynamics of intracardiac flow disturbances has been made possible by the advent of 3-dimensional (3-D) color Doppler, a new diagnostic procedure developed at our institution. This study describes the new insights derived from 3-D reconstruction of color Doppler flow patterns in patients with different heart valve diseases. The color Doppler flow data from 153 multiplanar transesophageal or transthoracic echocardiographic examinations has been obtained from 133 patients with heart valve disease; 73 patients had mitral regurgitation, 15 had mitral stenosis, 18 had aortic regurgitation, 26 had aortic stenosis, and 21 patients had tricuspid regurgitation. Four patients had pulmonary regurgitation associated with mitral valve disease. The 3-D reconstructions of color Doppler flow signals were accomplished by means of the "Heidelberg Raytracing model," developed at our institution. The 3-D color Doppler reconstructions were obtained in all patients. The 3-D images revealed for the first time the complex spatial distribution of the blood flow abnormalities in the heart chambers caused by different heart valve diseases. New patterns of intracardiac blood flow disturbances were observed and classified. Three-dimensional color Doppler provides a unique noninvasive method that can be easily applied for studying intracardiac blood flow disturbances in clinical practice.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1987

[Indications for coronary angiography in patients with acquired heart valve diseases with reference to risk factors].

The aims of the study were to examine the frequency of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with acquired valvular heart disease and to investigate the parameters by which significant coronary artery stenosis can be identified without invasive measures in these patients. For this reason 266 consecutive patients with acquired valvular heart disease (aortic, mitral or combined lesions) were examined retrospectively. In 24 patients (9%) a significant (50% or more reduction of the diameter) coronary artery stenosis was found. The prevalence of CAD increased with age: only one patient younger than 50 years, but 23 patients (13%) older than 50 years revealed significant CAD (19% men, 7% women). Increased levels of cholesterol and/or triglycerides were found more frequently in patients with CAD (33% and 29%, respectively) than in those without (6% and 12%, respectively). No differences were found in patients with aortic and mitral valve disease. Patients with typical chest pain revealed CAD in 30% of cases, whereas only 5% of the patients without angina pectoris (or 4% with atypical chest pain) showed a significant coronary artery stenosis. A high percentage (62%) of patients with typical chest pain and mitral valve disease revealed CAD. None of the 77 female patients without typical angina pectoris had significant coronary artery stenosis, whereas 11% of the male patients showed significant CAD even without typical symptoms. In 51 patients without typical angina pectoris and with no risk factors, no CAD was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗