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Results for “Granulation Tissue”

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PubMed1987

[Histogenesis of granulation tissue in wound healing by second intention in horses and cattle].

An experiment in comparative developmental aspect was carried out with 5 horses and 5 cattle having a total of 60 skin and muscular wounds. Light microscopic studies on hematoxylin-eosin stained preparations revealed that the dystrophic changes in the underlying tissues were more strongly manifested in horses. This had to be taken into consideration in the surgical treatment of wounds with this animal species. The basic differences comprised the better manifested leukocytic reaction in horses and the more strongly expressed processes of growth and differentiation on the part of the connective tissue after the tenth day of wounding in cattle. The definitive formation of granular tissue in horses took place in shorter terms than in cattle. In the fully developed new tissue in horses three different layers were found: leukocytic, vascular-fibroblastic, and a maturing one, while in cattle the layers found were four: fibrous tissue, heterophilic-leukocytic, vascular-fibroblastic, and a maturing one.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Defective angiogenesis in the inflammatory granulation tissue in histidine decarboxylase-deficient mice but not in mast cell-deficient mice.

We have analyzed the role of histamine in the angiogenesis of the granulation tissue in histidine decarboxylase-deficient (HDC(-/-)) mice, mast cell-deficient mice (WBB6F1-W/W(V)), and their corresponding wild-type mice (HDC(+/+) and WBB6F(1)(+/+)). In HDC(+/+) mice, subcutaneous implantation of a cotton thread in the dorsum induced granulation tissue formation with angiogenesis, while the topical injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) IgG strongly suppressed them. In HDC(-/-) mice which showed lower VEGF levels in the granulation tissue, there was notably less angiogenesis and granulation tissue formation than in HDC(+/+) mice. The topical injection of histamine or the H(2) agonist dimaprit rescued the defective angiogenesis and granulation tissue formation in HDC(-/-) mice. There was no significant difference in the granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis between WBB6F1-W/W(V) and WBB6F1(+/+) mice. In addition, macrophages in the granulation tissue were found to express HDC. Our findings indicate that histamine derived from non-mast cells plays a significant role in the angiogenesis of the inflammatory granulation tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Viscose cellulose sponge as an implantable matrix: changes in the structure increase the production of granulation tissue.

Since the 1950s a number of implantable substances have been used to study granulation tissue formation: steel mesh, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyurethane, and viscose cellulose sponges (VCS). The side effects of these materials on granulation tissue formation vary considerably. An ideal material does not interfere with the normal wound-healing process and collects as many cells as possible for further analysis. Viscose cellulose sponge has been shown to be one of the most inert materials for this purpose. In this study we examined the correlation between changes in the structure of the sponge and the number of cells harvested and the synthesis of granulation tissue after subcutaneous implantation in rats. It was discovered that it is possible to control the structure of the sponge and by certain changes in this structure increase the number of invading cells and the production of granulation tissue in the sponge. There is, however, a distinct plateau after which changes in structure do not increase the number of invading cells and the production of granulation tissue in the sponge.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The effect of epidermal growth factor on granulation tissue formation in the rat.

Subcutaneously implanted cylindrical hollow viscose cellulose sponges were used to investigate the effects of locally applied EGF on developing granulation tissue. The test implants were treated with a single or daily injections of a solution containing 0.2, 1 or 5 micrograms of EGF in 0.1-0.5% albumin while the control implants were treated correspondingly with the carrier solution only. Analyses of wound fluid and granulation tissue in the sponge cylinders were carried out 7 or 10 days after implantation. After daily application of EGF a stimulatory effect on granulation tissue formation was observed: cellularity increased as demonstrated by the elevated amounts of nucleic acids, and the accumulation of collagen and glycosaminoglycans was enhanced. The effect was dose-dependent. After a single application of EGF no essential differences were detected in wound fluid prostaglandin E2 levels or measured components of granulation tissue between the groups. Thus daily application of EGF was necessary to obtain an augmenting effect on granulation tissue formation. EGF seemed to be a potent mitogen for fibroblastic cells released from experimental granulation tissue in a dose-dependent manner. EGF treatment inhibited the production of radioactive hydroxyproline. The decreased rate of collagen synthesis was also indicated by decreased amounts of procollagen mRNAs. In the EGF-treated rats granulation tissue blood flow was significantly higher than that in the control rats 7 days after implantation. In both groups blood flow values of the incision scar region were significantly higher than those of the lumbar skin, but no intergroup differences were detected. In implants injected with EGF the albumin extravasation clearly exceeded that of the control implants. Albumin extravasation in the incision scar region was higher than that in the lumbar skin in both groups. EGF treatment increased procollagen mRNA, particularly at day 4. To study the influence of EGF on methylprednisolone-induced inhibition of granulation tissue formation, the sponge cylinder was injected immediately after implantation with a single dose of 2 mg (approximately equal to 1.7 x 10(-3) M) of depot methylprednisolone. This methylprednisolone injection resulted in a significant fall in the accumulation of nucleic acids, collagen and glycosaminoglycans. After daily injections of EGF these parameters returned to levels close to the control values. In the presence of methylprednisolone EGF could not increase collagen synthesis of fibroblastic cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Characterization of fibroblast clones from periodontal granulation tissue in vitro.

Connective tissues are known to be composed of heterogeneous fibroblast subpopulations. The significance of this heterogeneity in different physiological and pathological conditions is poorly understood. Granulation tissue is formed in connective tissue during wound healing, chronic inflammation, and certain pathological conditions. In this study, heterogeneity of fibroblasts from granulation tissue was investigated by cell-cloning techniques. Granulation-tissue fibroblasts (GTFs) from both chronically inflamed periodontal lesions and healing wound granulation tissue behaved similarly. GTFs showed a more pronounced decrease in proliferative capacity with increasing cumulative population doubling levels (CPDLs) and 30-40% lower cloning efficiency compared with normal gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Morphologically, cells in GTF cultures were mainly large, whereas HGFs were mainly small in size. Both cell-line types showed heterogeneity in cell morphology. Clones composed of large stellate-like cells predominated in GTF cultures, whereas clones composed of small spindle-shaped or epithelioid cells predominated in HGF cultures. In both cell-line type the proportion of clones composed of large cells increased without increasing CPDL. These findings show that the properties of the fibroblasts changed during their in vitro life spans. The finding that normal connective tissue and granulation tissues contain morphologically distinct fibroblast clones in different proportions suggests that local factors could stimulate local fibroblasts to differentiate into GTFs. Alternatively, local factors could select some fibroblast subpopulations to overgrow the others to form granulation tissue.

Actin Cytoskeleton↗
PubMed1979

Effect of a deproteinized blood extract on experimental granulation tissue.

The present work was undertaken to study the effects of a deproteinized extract of calves' blood (Solcoseryl) on developing granulation tissue in rats. Cylindrical hollow viscose cellulose sponge implants were used as an inductive matrix for the growth of granulation tissue. In the first, sham group the implants were treated daily by withdrawing 1 ml of wound fluid from the central dead space of the implant and then re-injecting the fluid. In the second, experimental group the aspirated wound fluid was replaced by a corresponding volume or Solcoseryl. Analyses of wound fluid and granulation tissue were carried out 4, 10 and 21 days after implantation. A statistically significant increase of granulation tissue hemoglobin (+21%) was observed at 10 days in the Solcoseryl group as compared with the sham-treated rats, indicating an enhanced capillary ingrowth. Concurrently, the mean amount of DNA in the Solcoseryl-treated tissues was elevated by 48% over the level of the sham-treated group, demonstrating an augmented cellularity of granulation tissue. At 21 days the mean amount of collagen hydroxyproline of the Solcoseryl group was 31% above the level measured in the sham-treated animals. PO2, PCO2 and pH in the wound fluid and the amounts of RNA and uronic acids showed no essential differences between the two groups. These data demonstrate a stimulatory effect of Solcoseryl on several aspects of granulation tissue formation: augmented vascularization, elevated cellularity and subsequent enhancement in the accumulation of collagen.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Actinomyces associated with persistent vaginal granulation tissue.

BACKGROUND: We report a case of symptomatic actinomycosis associated with vaginal suture erosion and granulation tissue refractory to conservative management, in an outpatient setting. CASE: Three months after total vaginal hysterectomy and uterosacral ligament vaginal vault suspension, a woman complained of painless, intermittent vaginal discharge and spotting. Despite cauterization of granulation tissue, vaginal spotting persisted for another month. On re-examination, braided polyester suture that was found underlying the granulation tissue was removed. Recurrent symptoms, together with a biopsy revealing actinomycetes, prompted a trial of oral penicillin VK. With persistent symptoms and discomfort during attempts in the outpatient clinic, the woman eventually required suture removal in the operating room. Her symptoms subsequently resolved without recurrence, and no further antibiotic treatment was required. CONCLUSIONS: Actinomyces may be associated with persistent granulation tissue and vault suspension suture material. In rare circumstances, when tissue debridement and suture removal in the clinic is unsatisfactory, surgical intervention in the operating room may be necessary. Ten days of antibiotic therapy alone did not eradicate the granulation tissue, and symptoms resolved only after complete removal of the underlying permanent suture.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1973

Amino acid metabolism of experimental granulation tissue in vitro.

1. The intracellular volume in granulation tissue was about 15% of the total urea space. 2. The experimental granuloma has a greater ability to retain amino acids during the proliferation phase than later during the synthesis of collagen. 3. The synthesis of collagen and other proteins by granulation tissue is related to the concentrations of proline and glutamic acid in the medium. 4. The rate of synthesis of proline from glutamic acid in granulation-tissue slices is greatest during collagen synthesis. It is enhanced by lactate. 5. Extracellular cations influence the synthesis of collagen and ouabain is inhibitory. Synthesis of other proteins is less sensitive in this respect. 6. It is suggested that the synthesis of collagen is related to the supply of certain amino acids, especially proline, and hence to the redox balance, and also to the function of the cell wall.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

Effect of D-penicillamine pre- and post-implantation treatment on formation of sponge-induced granulation tissue in rats.

DNA, collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) of rat sponge granulation tissue were studied after 42 days of D-penicillamine (D-pen) treatment at 100, 250 or 500 mg/kg/day, starting 10 days before or 28 days after induction of granulation tissue formation. The effects were compared with those observed when the same dosage was started at the onset of the granulation tissue formation and with pair-fed controls. D-pen stimulated the cell invasion into the sponge implants, as manifested by an increased DNA content, particularly with pre-treatment. Pre-treatment reduced the net deposition of of collagen per cell as assessed by the lower hydroxyproline/DNA ratio, at the lower dose leading to reduced collagen concentration. The total amount of granulation tissue collagen remained essentially unaffected within the observation period. Salt-soluble collagen was augmented in a dose-dependent manner, irrespective of treatment protocol, signifying decreased collagen cross-linking. Both pre- and post-implantation treatment enhanced the radiosulfate incorporation into sulfated GAGs, regardless of dose, whereas treatment from the day of sponge implantation had no effect. It is concluded that D-pen enhances the early connective tissue response to injury. Reduction of collagen cross-linking and net collagen deposition, concomitant with stimulation of the proteoglycan metabolism, may pertain to the antirheumatoid activity of D-pen. The observations suggest that long-term administration of D-pen, starting before new attacks of arthritis, may be most effective in controlling developing articular fibrosis.

Animals↗