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New research works conducted at the Archives nationales led to the discovery of numerous documents related to Moyse Charas's progeny and made it possible to complete former studies. Presently the filiation of this famous family of Parisians apothecaries of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries is well established. A family tree has been drawn up.
The process of self destruction in suicidal behavior for borderline patients seems to have a breaking function of filiation which has to live in mortify parental desire- or non-desire, both of them reflect a lack of investment. It tries to reach a part of the adolescent's body, figuration place of filial alienation, neither in a death desire, but in will rebirth.
BACKGROUND: the parasite Anisakis simplex is a helminth included in the nematode class. When man eats raw or rare fish and cephalopods infested by Anisakis larvae, he can acquire the parasitic disease (anisakidosis). The parasite can also originate manifestations of immediate IgE mediated hypersensitivity in patients with sensitisation to it. METHODS AND RESULTS: we present the case of a 14 year old boy diagnosed of eosinophilic gastritis after endoscopic examination and biopsy associated to recurrent abdominal pain. After allergologic study, a type I hypersensitivity mechanism against Anisakis simplex is confirmed by means of prick test, antigen specific IgE determination and antigen specific histamine release test. Sensitisation against fish proteins is ruled out as well as parasitic infestation. CONCLUSIONS: in this case report we demonstrate a type I hypersensitivity mechanism against Anisakis simplex in a patient diagnosed of eosinophilic gastritis. This can be suspected in cases of gastritis or non filiated enteritis with a torpid evolution following the conventional treatment and especially if the onset of the symptoms is related with the intake of fish. The therapeutic success was reached when fish and shellfish were taken out of the diet. After two years without seafood ingestion our patient is asymptomatic and the allergologic study has been normalised.
Gestational trophoblastic diseases amalgamate several entities with a common denominator which is a hypersecretion of hCG: complete mole, invasive or not, partial mole or triploid syndrome, gestational trophoblastic carcinoma and trophoblastic carcinoma from the implantation site. These entities differ by their origins, their morphology, their evolution and their treatments. Complete moles are diploid and in 80% of cases, chromosomes are only from paternal origin (diandry or dispermy). Their evolution is unpredictable whatever the molecular biology or cytogenetical methods are. Partial moles, generally triploid, are much more frequent (10-20% of miscarriages) than the number of cases diagnosed during the pregnancy. In 85% of cases, two sets of chromosomes are of paternal origin. The gestational trophoblastic carcinoma is diploid and its genetic material comes from both parents. This probably excludes a direct filiation between complete mole and gestational trophoblastic carcinoma. The trophoblastic tumor from the implantation site comes from the trophoblast of the implantation site which explain why its evolution and its prognosis are totally distinct from the previous one. In this report, we successively discuss the natural history of gestational trophoblastic diseases, their epidemiology and the genetic data explaining their origins.
Wax reconstructions according to Born's methods were performed from serial 10-micron sections of the wrists of human embryos (B. Tardif) to study the triangular cartilage and central bone of the carpus. A subsequent morphological study of the adult scaphoid bone was conducted in the light of embryological data. The triangular cartilage was observed in 4 of 38 carpi of embryos with a craniocaudal length of 40 to 69 mm, flatten between the ulna and triquetrum, on the inferior surface of the mesenchymal bud of the triangular ligament. The central bone of the carpus is constant in the embryo, between the inferior surface of the radial chondrification centre, capitatum, trapezium and trapezoid. In one case, the two wrists of the same embryo presented two central nuclei, leading to the distinction of two different formations:--the constant C2 embryonic central bone, trapped between capitatum, trapezoid and trapezium, which participates in the constitution of the scaphoid by fusion with the radial chondrification centre;--the C1 central bone, a rare supernumerary bone in adults, close to the inferolateral angle of the lunatum, on the dorsal surface of the carpus. These embryological data support. Westoll's theory concerning the filiation of the thoracic limb since the fin of crossopterygians, with deviation of the mechanical axis related to the development of weightbearing on the ground. The scaphoid bone must to be assimilated to a cube, but to an irregular tetrahedron, composed of two inverted pyramids joined by their bases. The inferior pyramid, articulating with he trapezium, trapezoid and capitatum, is concerned by morphological variations of the bone, which can present variable configurations between the two extreme morphotypes: the massive type and the strangulated type. The inferior pyramid, constituting the scaphoid, is derived from the central cartilage and presents the same relations. Variations of the volume of this inferior part of the bone are related to the more or less marked regression of this chondrification centre of the embryonic carpus. These variations of the bone can be expressed in terms of a scaphoid index, by calculating the relationship between the greatest dimension and the width of the narrowed portion.
Several theories for the origin of eukaryotic (nucleated) cells from prokaryotic (bacterial) ancestors have been published: the progenote, the direct filiation and the serial endosymbiotic theory (SET). Compelling evidence for two aspects of the SET is now available suggesting that both mitochondria and plastids originated by symbioses with a third type of microbe, probably a Thermoplasma-like archaebacterium ancestral to the nucleocytoplasm. We conclude that not enough information is available to negate or substantiate another SET hypothesis: that the undulipodia (cilia, eukaryotic flagella) evolved from spirochetes. Recognizing the power of symbiosis to recombine in single individual semes from widely differing partners, we develop the idea that symbiosis has been important in the origin of species and higher taxa. The abrupt origin of novel life forms through the formation of stable symbioses is consistent with certain patterns of evolution (e.g punctuated equilibria) described by some paleontologists.
The method of polymerase chain reaction with a set of arbitrary primers (RAPD-PCR) was used to describe genetic variation and to estimate genetic diversity in East-European swift hounds, Russian Psovyi and Hortyi Borzois. For comparison, swift hounds of two West-European breeds (Whippet and Greyhound) and single dogs of other breed groups (shepherd, terriers, mastiffs, and bird dogs) were examined. For all dog groups, their closest related species, the wolf Canis lupus, was used as an outgroup. Variation of RAPD markers was studied at several hierarchic levels: intra- and interfamily (for individual families of Russian Psovyi and Hortyi Borzois), intra- and interbreed (for ten dog breeds), and interspecific (C. familiaris-C. lupus). In total, 57 dogs and 4 wolfs were studied. Using RAPD-PCR with three primers, 93 DNA fragments with a length of 150-1500 bp were detected in several Borzoi families with known filiation. These fragments were found to be inherited as dominant markers and to be applicable for estimation of genetic differences between parents and their offspring and for comparison of individuals and families with different level of inbreeding. A high level of intra- and interbreed variation was found in Russian Psovyi and Hortyi Borzois. In these dog groups, genetic similarity indices varied in a range of 72.2 to 93.4% (parents-offspring) and 68.0 to 94.5 (sibs). Based on the patterns of RAPD markers obtained using six primers, a dendrogram of genetic similarity between the wolf and different dog breeds was constructed, and indices of intragroup diversity were calculated. All studied breeds were found to fall into two clusters, swift hounds (Borzoi-like dogs) and other dogs. Russian Borzois represent a very heterogeneous group, in which the Russian Psovyi Borzoi is closer to Greyhound than the Russian Hortyi Borzoi. All studied wolfs constituted a separate cluster. Significant differences were found between the wolf and dogs by the number of RAPD markers (92.8 and 86.1, respectively) and by the indices of genetic diversity (54.3 and 64.8%, respectively). The reasons for the high intraspecific variation of dogs (including Russian Borzois) and the prospects of using the studied group of markers for genetic analysis and differentiation in C. familiaris are discussed.
AIMS: To review the literature on cerebral neuroblastomas (CN), including their anatomopathological filiation, clinical characteristics together with those they display in imaging studies, and the different therapeutic options with their prognosis. METHOD: Cerebral neuroblastomas belong to the group of primitive neuroectodermal tumours (PNET), also known as cerebral meduloblastomas or supratentorial PNET. They originate in the supratentorial compartment and histologically they are in the WHO grade IV. They display unspecific clinical features and in imaging studies they behave like solid masses with a cystic or necrotic component, often with calcifications. Microscopically they are made up of undifferentiated or poorly differentiated neuroepithelial cells. CN express synaptophysin and other neuroendocrine markers, which can only be studied by performing neuronal differentiation analyses. First choice treatment is surgery performed as radically as possible associated with chemotherapy or whole brain radiotherapy. Results vary greatly according to age and the degree to which the lesion has spread. Worse prognoses have been described for children under 2 years old than for those above that age. Survival rate at 3 years of age, including paediatric patients, is 60%. CONCLUSIONS: CN are not very frequent tumours, whose clinical characteristics and those displayed by imaging techniques are unspecific. Treatment must involve radical excision associated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
Author on the base of the material investigated in the Department of Forensic Medicine of Semmelweis Medical University discusses importance of anthropological investigations as a valuable, additional to serology test. Data obtained by the investigation of 2000 families demonstrate the hereditary features and their value as an evidence in a filiation cases. Author emphasizes the importance of the chromosome-investigations as one of the most reliable methods in paternity cases.
BACKGROUND: Arthritis is a frequent manifestation of Lyme disease. The diagnosis of this disease is especially supported by serological techniques which however have false positives or negatives. The aim of this study was to establish the frequency of serologies positive to Borrelia burgdorferi in patients with non-filiated arthritis and in other well defined rheumatic diseases. METHODS: A prospective study was performed to detect antibodies (AB) versus Borrelia burgdorferi in 43 patients with undifferentiated arthritis and in 100 patients with articular disease of precise diagnosis (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis arthropathy, and reactive arthritis/Reiter's syndrome). The technique was performed by indirect immunofluorescence and was repeated by enzymoimmunoassay in doubtful or positive results. Titers greater than 1/256 were considered as positive. RESULTS: Positive serology was found in two patients with undifferentiated arthritis and in one patient with Reiter's syndrome. None of the three patients referred the antecedent of erythema chronicum migrans. Positive serology was not observed in any of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus or psoriatic arthritis. CONCLUSIONS: A small proportion of patients with undifferentiated arthritis or Reiter's syndrome presented positive serology at low titers versus Borrelia burgdorferi with the interpretation of these results being difficult. The frequency of seropositivity in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus is very low.
We present a case of microscopic adenocarcinoma arising in the right fallopian tube, which was incidentally found in 74-year-old woman undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy for uterine myoma, hematometra and bilateral hydrosalpinx. A small focus of endometrioid adenocarcinoma confined within the endosalpingeal mucosa of the right fallopian tube associated with endometriosis was fortuitously found during histological examination. Our case seems to be unique since it shows an evident filiation between the lesions of tubal endometriosis and an adjoining focus of microscopic carcinoma. This is the second case report of a microscopic endometrioid carcinoma associated with endosalpingeal endometriosis.
OBJECTIVES: This study is a retrospective, descriptive and observational evaluation aimed at defining the factors associated with postoperative mortality due to gastric adenocarcinoma and evaluating postoperative morbidity at the Edgardo Rebagliati Martins Hospital. METHODS: The study included 282 patients, which had undergone surgery between January 1, 1996 and December 31, 1999 and the evaluation involved filiation, background, tumor location, Bormann and Early Cancer classifications, histological classification, number of resected lymphatic nodes, extragastric compromise, type of surgery and reconstruction, TNM classification, clinical stage and medical and surgical complications. RESULTS: Patients were divided in two groups: Survivors (n=251) and deceased (n=31) evidencing 31.56% morbidity and 10.99% mortality. The factors associated with mortality were: age, hypertension (AHT), cardiopathy, tumor location in the stomach, extragastric compromise of the liver, T3 and T4 tumors, N1, distant metastases, clinical stage IV, pneumonia and other surgical complications. CONCLUSIONS: These results lead us to conclude that proper preoperative staging of the disease is necessary and so is special care with patients suffering of hypertension, diabetes and cardiopathy.Finally, we consider it pertinent to bear in mind the postoperative complications, for proper management of them.
Leiomyosarcoma of the oesophagus is a malignant tumor that originates from smooth muscle cells. The filiation between oesophageal leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma is controversial, with few cases reported in literature. The authors describe un uncommon situation with the simultaneous presence of a leiomyoma and a leiomyosarcoma of the oesophagus in a 75 year-old man, which have been successfully treated with surgical resection. It could probably be a case of a malignant transformation of a previous pre-existing multiple non-confluent leiomyoma.
Medical taking part in procreation in gamete and embryo donation is recent in France and has been included in the field of medically assisted procreation as defined by a law since 1994. Theses activities are strictly regulated. If procreation using donor sperm has been broadly carried out for 30 years in the CECOS leading to the birth of approximately 40,000 children, oocyte and embryo donation had a more recent and limited development. The main questions to which are faced the couples procreating through gamete and embryo donation is whether their child should be told about its origin since they have to build a parenthood and a filiation which are not first depending on biological and genetic links.
Two cases of necrotic myelopathy are presented. This is a very rare paraneoplasic syndrome. One patient had clear cell renal carcinoma and other had lymphatic metastasis of malignant melanoma without filiation of the primary tumor. The complete spinal study (MNR, CT, myelography) proved normal. Diagnosis is possible when all other causes of spinal disease have been discarded. Nowadays, it is possible to diagnose this disease premortem. The international literature reviewed showed 31 cases published since 1903, associated mainly to malignant diseases such as lymphomas, lung cancer, renal carcinoma, breast cancer, leukemias, etc. The differential diagnosis appears in the comments, as well as the presentation and evolution of the cases described up until now.
The first children born as a result of oocyte donation are being subjected to a psychological study. Despite the small number of cases and the reservations required, it appears that the mother's denial of both infertility and filiation rupture is massive at the onset of pregnancy and subsequently persists. The harmonious psychological development of these children might be related to this denial.
Dysplasia of the trochlea was studied on a strict profile image of the knee. 1305 radiographs were analysed corresponding to several patello-femoral conditions (major and subjective patello-femoral osteoarthritis) and to control subjects. Two criteria are defined: the depth and the eminence of the trochlea. The depth was often minimal in instabilities that give a radiological characteristic image of intersection between the trochlear end line and the lateral condyle. This picture had a great diagnostic value for patellar instability. The eminence represented the owerhang of the trochlear end line in relation to the anterior cortex of the femur. By measuring it, it was possible to establish a statistically significant variability of the degree of instability on one hand, between instabilities, patellar syndromes and controles on the other hand. The intersection sign and the trochlear eminence in isolated patello-femoral osteoarthritis allows the direct filiation between dysplasia of the trochlea and osteoarthritis to be confirmed. Taking into account the size of the eminence, the hollowing out type trochleoplasties appears more fiable than raising of the lateral edge.
The Calbindins-D (CaBP9K and 28K), like calmodulin, belong to a group of intracellular proteins that bind calcium with high affinity. Each protein is encoded by a separate gene and there is no direct filiation between the two genes. We have demonstrated the tissue-specific expression and regulation of CaBP9K gene. This gene is expressed in the intestine, placenta and uterus of the rat as a single 0.5kb long transcript. Exogenous 1,25(OH)2D3 triggers the rapid synthesis of CaBP9K mRNA and accumulation of translatable CaBP9K mRNA in the duodenum of vitamin D-deficient rats. Calcium also stimulates CaBP9K gene expression in this tissue. In contrast 1,25(OH)2D3 does not change the uterine concentration of CaBP9K but estrogen stimulates the transcription of the CaBP9K gene in the uterus. The promoter region of rat CaBP9K gene contains 1 TATA box and 4 CAAT box-type sequences and several steroid hormone regulatory elements. The CaBP9K gene is therefore a suitable model for studying the tissue-specific regulation of gene expression by steroid hormones.