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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Sagittal laser optical tomography for imaging of rheumatoid finger joints.

We present a novel optical tomographic imaging system that was designed to determine two-dimensional spatial distribution of optical properties in a sagittal plane through finger joints. The system incorporates a single laser diode and a single silicon photodetector into a scanning device that records spatially resolved light intensities as they are transmitted through a finger. These data are input to a model-based iterative image reconstruction (MOBIIR) scheme, which uses the equation of radiative transfer (ERT) as a forward model for light propagation through tissue. We have used this system to obtain tomographic images of six proximal interphalangeal finger joints from two patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The optical images were compared to clinical symptoms and ultrasound images.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2001

Regional specificity in degenerative changes in finger joints: an anatomical study using cadavers of the elderly.

Rehabilitation therapists and orthopedists regard degenerative changes (DCs) of the articular cartilage or osteoarthritis in the finger joint as the major factors that interfere with normal grasp and pinch. However, previous research has concentrated on DCs in the carpometacarpal joint (CM) of the thumb. The present study revealed some general tendencies concerning the occurrence of DCs: (1) distal joint dominance between joints in a thumb or finger; (2) distal surface dominance in a joint; (3) radioulnar dominance in a joint; and (4) fifth-finger specificity (i.e., high incidences of both DCs and osteophytes). Moreover, according to our evaluation of multiple and solitary occurrences (i.e., how many segments carried DCs) we consider that DCs in the radioulnar segments advance not only to the complementary surface (i.e., mirror-image lesion formation) but also to other adjacent segments in the early stage before progression to cartilage defects occurs in the primarily affected segment. In addition, osteophytes were not associated with the cartilage defect in the adjacent segment, but, rather, occurred at opposite or distant segments in the joint. These results are discussed in relation to lateral pinch and precision grasping, with special reference to the hypothetical stress on these movements in the finger joint.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2004

Finger joint impedance during tapping on a computer keyswitch.

We studied the dynamic behavior of finger joints during the contact period of tapping on a computer keyswitch, to characterize and parameterize joint function with a lumped-parameter impedance model. We tested the hypothesis that the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and interphalangeal (IP) joints act similarly in terms of kinematics, torque, and energy production when tapping. Fifteen human subjects tapped with the index finger of the right hand on a computer keyswitch mounted on a two-axis force sensor, which measured forces in the vertical and sagittal planes. Miniature fiber-optic goniometers mounted across the dorsal side of each joint measured joint kinematics. Joint torques were calculated from endpoint forces and joint kinematics using an inverse dynamic algorithm. For each joint, a linear spring and damper model was fitted to joint torque, position, and velocity during the contact period of each tap (22 per subject on average). The spring-damper model could account for over 90% of the variance in torque when loading and unloading portions of the contact were separated, with model parameters comparable to those previously measured during isometric loading of the finger. The finger joints functioned differently, as illustrated by energy production during the contact period. During the loading phase of contact the MCP joint flexed and produced energy, whereas the proximal and distal IP joints extended and absorbed energy. These results suggest that the MCP joint does work on the interphalangeal joints as well as on the keyswitch.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Arthroses of the finger joints and thumb saddle joint and occupationally related factors].

In a one-to-one matched case control study, 37 cases with rhizarthrosis (31 female, 6 male) and 44 cases with osteoarthritis in the finger joints (35 female, 9 male) were compared to their matches equal in sex and age regarding occupational strains. For calculating the odds ratios matching was maintained. In females the risk of rhizarthrosis was elevated for typists (OR 5.0, CI 1.27-19.59) and for work involving dexterity (OR 2.0, CI 0.77-5.23). In both sexes an elevated odds ratio for osteoarthritis in the finger joints was found for repetitive work (OR 3.8, CI 1.52-9.49).

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[A new intraosseous finger-joint prosthesis].

The faults of interposition-arthroplasty of the finger-joints were shown and intraosseous implantation and intraosseous endoprothesis are presented with initial results. Sources of failure and their treatment are explained and postoperative details and postoperative treatment outlined.

Arthroplasty↗
PubMed2004

[A case of pityriasis rubra pilaris associated with rapidly progressive finger joint destruction].

A 40-year-old female noticed edema of the lower limbs in March 1995. Nephrotic syndrome due to membranous nephropathy was diagnosed and administration of high-dose corticosteroids resulted in incomplete remission. Progressively enlarging, red scaling skin lesions developed concomitantly from the scalp to the extremities. Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) was diagnosed in 1996 in the Department of Dermatology at Sapporo Medical University hospital. Various treatments proved ineffective. Arthritis of the finger joints developed in July 1999, and proteinuria recurred in April 2000. She was admitted to our department in August 2000. Physical examination on admission revealed marked swelling of both distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints and the right fourth proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. Results of testing for antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, and HLA-B27 were all negative. Radiography of the hands revealed destruction of the DIP and PIP joints where MRI indicated the presence of synovitis. Bone scintigraphy demonstrated accumulation in bilateral metatarso-phalangeal joints and the left sacroiliac joint. Arthritis associated with PRP was diagnosed, as both PRP and psoriasis represent keratinizing disorders of the skin and clinical features in the present case resembled those of psoriatic arthritis. Despite administration of high-dose corticosteroids, destruction of finger joints progressed rapidly. Administration of cyclosporine in April 2002 improved arthritic symptoms. Cases of PRP accompanied by arthritis need to be accumulated to allow analysis of the pathogenesis and clinical picture of this association.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Long-term results of finger joint endoprostheses of the "St. Georg" model].

Long-term results of 100 cemented finger joint replacements (endoprosthesis) of the "St. Georg" design are presented. Good reduction in pain and swelling was noted. There was only a little improvement in motion of the replaced metacarpophalangeal joint, but more in the proximal interphalangeal joint; the latter decreasing from radial to ulnar. Approximately one half of the preoperative ulnar deviation was corrected. Mechanical failures occurred in approximately 30% of the implants. Without changing the design, this demanding technique cannot be recommended routinely.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Silastic implant arthroplasty for post-traumatic stiffness of the finger joints.

In the years 1981 to 1987, 50 patients had 59 replacements of the finger joints. Of these, 41 patients with 49 joint operations were reviewed, with follow-up ranging from two to eight years (average 32 months). About 80% of these patients were satisfied that silastic implant arthroplasty had relieved their pain and stiffness and improved function of the finger and hand. They were satisfied that this procedure was preferable to amputation or fusion. Success or failure was assessed not only on the range of movement of the joint being replaced, but on relief of pain, correction of deformity, stability and overall finger function. The seven patients regarded as failures are analysed in detail.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Finger joint contact areas and pressures.

Although the joints of the index finger are similar geometrically and kinematically, the occurrence of degenerative joint disease is more frequent and severe in the distal interphalangeal joint. Much circumstantial evidence exists to suggest a mechanical cause for the observed differences in frequency. This article presents the results of in vitro experiments designed to determine contact areas and average pressures in the joints of the human index finger for positions simulating tip pinch and power grasp. The results show that the highest average contact pressures do, in fact, occur in the distal interphalangeal joint. Average joint contact pressure correlates well with clinically observed patterns of frequency of degeneration and degenerative joint disease score. This correlation between clinical experience and experimental results indicates that mechanical stress is among the factors responsible for the initiation and/or propagation of degenerative joint disease in the joints of the finger.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1977

[Synoviorthesis of finger joints using erbium-169. Parameters influencing the clinical results at middle-term].

Synoviorthesis of the finger joint with erbium-169 is a beneficial therapeutic procedure which produces reduction of articular pain and swelling in 2/3 of cases. The effect is lasting and shows only slight regression during the first 24 months. However, if the rheumatoid disease is very active, or if the articular lesions are primarily erosive, the results are poorer. No correlation was found between therapeutic results and the radiological findings prior to 169E treatment. Erbium-169 reduces inflammation and leads to progressive articular fibrosis. Any chronic synovitis of interdigital joints resistant to appropriate conventional anti-inflammatory treatment may benefit from radio-synoviorthesis with erbium-169. Erbium-169 synoviorthesis is is technically easy to perform and free of side effects. It is a palliative measure which the authors consider a valuable complement to the classical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Doppler ultrasound findings in healthy wrists and finger joints.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence of flow by Doppler ultrasound (DUS) in the wrist and finger joints (carpometacarpal 1 (CMC1), metacarpophalangeal (MCP), and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints) of healthy controls. METHODS: Twenty seven healthy volunteers (15 women, 12 men; mean age 45 years, range 18-93) with a total of 324 joints were examined by DUS. The synovial vascularisation was determined by colour Doppler and the spectral Doppler resistive index (RI). Patients were only included if no synovitis was suspected at the clinical examination and the values for biochemical analysis were within the normal range. RESULTS: We found colour pixels in 15 of the 27 examined wrist scans and in 8 of these a measurable RI. In the CMC1 joint, colour pixels were found in 11 of the 27 scans and in 9 of these a measurable RI. For the MCP joints, colour pixels were found in 10 out of 135 scans and in 3 of these a measurable RI. The mean RI for all three types of joints was 0.85 and the mean pixel fraction varied from 0.05 to 0.08. Only one PIP joint scan was found to have colour pixels and a flow with an RI of 0.67. CONCLUSION: Synovial vascularisation may be detected in healthy subjects using DUS. Newer US machines have higher Doppler sensitivity, and it is necessary to be able to distinguish normal from pathological synovial flow.

Adolescent↗