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Human eye color and reaction time.

Response latencies to a visual stimulus were determined for 44 male and 82 female Caucasians. Those with dark eyes had significantly shorter simple (one stimulus) reaction times. Complex (one of four stimuli) reaction times showed a similar, but nonsignificant, trend. Data from an additional 206 male Caucasians on a one-trial non-practiced reaction task followed the same nonsignificant trend. Darker iris pigmentation apparently correlates with shorter reaction times but more strongly on practiced tasks and on those which do not involve accuracy.

Eye Color↗

The association of iris color with eye disease in diabetes.

Iris (eye) color was examined for its effect on eye disease in a population-based study of diabetic retinopathy in Wisconsin. Eye color was determined by comparing the iris in a red reflex photograph with standard photographs. In younger-onset diabetic persons (N = 996), macular edema was more prevalent in persons with blue or grey eyes (12%) compared with intermediate (9%) or brown (6%) (P = 0.04). Cataracts were more prevalent in blue or grey eyes (32%) compared with intermediate (22%) or brown (20%) in the younger-onset group (P less than 0.001). In older-onset persons (N = 1370), intraocular pressure (IOP) was higher in persons with brown eyes (17.8 mmHg) compared with blue or grey (17.1 mmHg) or intermediate (16.6 mmHg) (P = 0.012). Eye color was not associated significantly with diabetic retinopathy in either the younger- or older-onset group or with age-related macular degeneration or glaucoma in the older-onset group.

Adult↗

Eye color and pure-tone hearing threshold.

Pure-tone hearing thresholds at test frequencies, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 Hz, were compared for 149 unambiguously blue- vs 172 brown-eyed individuals. Blue-eyed subjects ages 17 to 30 years (M = 20.3) had a significantly elevated mean hearing threshold at the highest frequency tested.

Adolescent↗