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The oldest and most common parasite for which we have direct evidence, in the New World, is Enterobius vernicularis. Numerous archaeological sites, especially in the arid American southwest, have yielded fecal samples positive for pinworm ova, some of these dating back 10,000 yr. Reports of pinworm from the Old World are scarce. This article reports the first evidence of pinworm infection from Roman-occupied (30 BC-AD 395) Egypt.
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From 1995 to 1997, we carried out extensive surveys of Enterobius vermicularis infection among school children in Taiwan and offshore islands. Among 6,315 children at 80 schools in 21 towns and districts of 8 counties tested, an overall infection rate was 11%. The pre-school children had the highest rate of 14%. These findings indicate that pinworm infection remains highly prevalent in Taiwan and offshore islands. Moreover, in this paper, the results from the studies conducted by parasitologists of Taiwan in the past 43 (1955-1997) years were reviewed. This information included epidemiology, diagnosis, chemotherapy, and control methods, may provide some useful suggestions on the prevention of pinworm infection specialists and agencies concerned with the control of this disease.
This article describes two cases of worm-infestation with symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment. The cases are discussed in respect to the other cases in the literature emphasizing symptomatology and diagnosis by endoscopy.
A cross sectional survey of Enterobius vermicularis was carried out in 808 children in the Bangkok metropolis and nearby provinces. This was accomplished in a mobile health clinic from Huachiew Chalermprakiet University provided for communities in the areas during April 1999 to May 2000. Children 5-10 years of age were investigated for infestation of Enterobius vermicularis. Diagnosis was done by means of the transparent tape swab technique to recover eggs in the perianal region for examination under a light microscope. The average infection rate in children was 21.91%. The highest infection rate (38.59%) was found in Ang Thong Province, while the lowest one (11.66%) was found in Chonburi Province. The rate of infection seemed to relate to household environmental factors. The infection rate was significantly higher (p<0.05) in agricultural areas and areas farthest from urban Bangkok. Industrial and urban areas had the lower rates of infection. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the incidence of infection between males and females.
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The use of an improved complex of sanitary and health-promoting measures for children from 2 schools revealed that their infestation with pinworms among first-eleventh-form pupils from a boarding school was 42.6%, the above measures covering simultaneously them all with their subsequent repetition every 6 months allowed all the children to be free from pinworms. At school 8, the random use of these measures could reduce pinworm infestation to 4% of the children covered with health-promoting measures.