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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Comparative study of the digestive system of three species of tinamou. I. Crypturellus tataupa, Nothoprocta cinerascens, and Nothura maculosa (Aves: tinamidae).

The morphology and histology, as well as the cytochemistry of complex carbohydrates, of the digestive system of Crypturellus tataupa (tataupa tinamou), Nothoprocta cinerascens (brushland tinamou), and Nothura maculosa (spotted tinamou) are described. The general morphology of the digestive system of these birds follows the basic model of the avian alimentary canal, although statistical analysis shows that the lengths of the organs are significantly different among the species. From cephalic to caudal regions the alimentary tract consists of esophagus, ingluvies or crop, proventriculus or glandular stomach, ventriculus or muscular stomach, small intestine, well-developed ceca, and rectum. Histologically, each section of the tract consists of four primary tissue layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and adventitia. Variations are found in the thickness of the esophageal epithelium, which shows the highest value in C. tataupa. In the proventriculus, the depth of the compound glands is greatest in N. cinerascens. The villi of the epithelial cells in the small intestine are most extensively developed in C. tataupa. Heterogeneity of mucins is detected not only in the surface coat of the alimentary tract but in the cellular content of the glands as well. Comparisons with the morphology of the digestive system of closely related and more advanced birds are made, and the possible relationship between morphological and cytochemical variation and the diet is discussed.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed2002

[116 multiple primary cancers in the digestive system].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, strategy of treatment and prognosis of multiple primary cancers in the digestive system. METHODS: All malignant lesions in the digestive system encountered in the past 10 years were analysed by a computer software. RESULTS: 116 cases of multiple cancers were observed with an incidence of 1.74%. Male to female ratio was 2.7:1. There were 62 synchronous carcinomas and 54 metachronous ones. In decreasing sequence, they were: colon > stomach > rectum > liver. The 1-, 3-and 5-year survival rates of the synchronous ones were 42.3%, 23.1% and 11.5%. Those of metachronous ones were 95.2%, 85.7% and 76.2%. CONCLUSION: High frequency of multiple primary cancers is found in the colon, especially over the right side. Metachronous carcinomas usually give better prognosis than the synchronous ones. The longer the interval between the development of the two primary lesions, the better the prognosis. Multiple cancers of the colon have satisfactory prognosis. The key to improve the treatment is to be vigilant against lesions in the digestive tract so as to arrive at a timely diagnosis and treatment. The strategy of combining radical treatment with immuno-supportive therapy is advocated.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

[Food conversion in the digestive system of juvenile bulls. 2. Digestion of carbohydrates].

Each of ten rations containing 60% feed concentrate were tested on two bulls which were a fistulated at the duodenum. The carbohydrate contents varied considerably. Carbohydrate digestion in the forestomach was estimated by the detergent and Anthron methods and by quantitative gas chromatographic analysis for carbohydrate monomers. Apparent starch digestibility for starch-rich rations varied between 97.8 and 99%. Between 60 and 144 g of starch was found at the duodenum/animal.d in the case of the cereal-containing rations, the highest values being found for the one containing maize. The apparent digestibility of sugar was about 99%. The amount of sugar found at the duodenum varied between 16 and 67 g animal.d. Analysis by gas chromatography revealed that the feeds yielded less hemicelluloses than calculated from the difference NDF-ADF. The only other sugars found in appreciable amounts at the duodenum were arabinose and xylose.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1996

[The clinical physiology of the digestive system. The difficulties in its determination and the first results].

The paper shows it necessary to define clinical physiology of the digestive system as a nosological entity due to the natural evolution of physiology and to the increasing clinical practical requirements. It considers its purpose, tasks, and areas under study and gives the results of some original studies of the gastroduodenal and hepatobiliary systems and the small intestine. Special emphasis is laid on new guidelines to examining the functional and morphological states of the alimentary tract.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1999

Concentrations in human fluids: 101 drugs affecting the digestive system and metabolism.

BACKGROUND: The toxicological interpretation of blood and urine concentrations of drugs affecting the digestive system and metabolism, as with other groups of pharmaceutical specialties, is complicated. METHODS: As a continuation of our published studies on the concentrations of drugs of abuse, drugs affecting cardiovascular and hematopoietic systems, and respiratory system, we have reviewed the published data relating to the concentrations of drugs affecting the digestive system and metabolism in clinical and forensic cases. We have selected them on the basis of conservative criteria and our own experience. RESULTS: A table with concentrations of 101 drugs in whole blood, serum/plasma, and urine, corresponding to therapeutic, toxic, or lethal concentrations, is presented. CONCLUSIONS: The data can help interpret analytical results of patient or postmortem samples when there is a suspicion of poisoning with this group of drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Digestive system cancers and pregnancy].

Digestive tract cancers are infrequent during pregnancy. Prognosis is usually dismal both because diagnosis is delayed as a result of symptoms being ascribed to the pregnancy and because saving both the mother and fetus is difficult. A review of the relevant literature, focused on colorectal and gastric cancers which are the most common forms, emphasizes the need for early diagnosis and for adjusting treatment to gestational age at diagnosis.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of the adaptive restructurings of the digestive system during exposure to the factors of space flight].

The article presents an evaluation of the state of the digestive system in astronauts during short-term and long-term space flights. After short-term (7- or 8-day) flights, there was a transitory activation of gastrointestinal enzyme systems. After prolonged space flights, there was an increase in gastric acidity and pepsin excretion, as well as pancreatic and intestinal malfunctions. In summary, there is a transition of the digestive system to a new level of functioning.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1975

Histochemical study of the activity of lipase in the digestive system of some teleost fishes.

The distribution of lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) in the different parts of the digestive system of Bagarius bagarius, Mastacembelus armatus, Glossogobius giuris and Rohtee cotio has been studied. In the stomach of Mastacembelus, Bagarius and Glossogobius the lipase activity has been found in the mucosa and gastric glands. The intestinal pulb and the intestine of herbivorous Rohtee and in the intestine of the rest of the three fishes show the enzymatic activity in the mucosal epithelium. However, in Mastacembelus and Glossogobius the lipase activity is more pronounced in the intestinal mucosa than that in Bagarius and Rohtee. In the liver, the enzyme is distributed in polyhedral hepatic cells in all the fishes studied specially around the nuclei of the hepatic cells. In the pancreas of Rohtee, the enzyme is distributed in the acinar cells and the cells of islets of Langerhans. The serosa and muscularis of the different portions of digestive system of the four fishes studied are devoid of any lipolytic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

The digestive system manifestations of Rosai-Dorfman disease (sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy): review of 11 cases.

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), originally described as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare histiocytic proliferative disorder with a distinctive microscopic appearance. Formerly thought to be a process limited to lymph nodes, involvement by RDD has now been documented in many organ systems, notably bone, skin and soft tissue, central nervous system, eye and orbit, and upper respiratory tract. The digestive system, however, is affected only exceptionally, as reflected by the existence of only a handful of individual case reports. In this article, we report 11 patients in which the disease involved intestinal tract, liver, or pancreas, and describe the most salient clinicopathologic features. The specific site of involvement within the digestive system was gastrointestinal tract in 5, liver in 5, and pancreas in 1. Most patients also had evidence of disease in other extranodal sites, as well as in 1 or more lymph node groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Digestive system duplications].

Fifteen digestive duplications, corresponding to fourteen patients, have been surgically treated in "La Paz" Pediatric Hospital between 1966 and 1984. The most common localization (40%) was the large bowel. The first choice treatment was the complete excision of lesions, with led to cure of all patients. Embryologic theories and clinical forms are also reviewed.

Esophagus↗
PubMed2002

Dual cellulose-digesting system of the wood-feeding termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki.

The distribution of endo-beta-1,4-glucanase (EG) components in the digestive system of the wood-feeding termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, was investigated by zymogram analysis using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by N-terminal protein sequencing. EG components similar to glycoside hydrolase family (GHF) 9 members were restricted to the salivary glands, the foregut, and the midgut, whereas components similar to GHF7 members were confined to the hindgut where numerous cellulolytic flagellates were harbored. RT-PCR experiments revealed that five GHF9 EG mRNAs (1348 bp) homologous to other termite EGs were expressed in the salivary glands and the midgut. The crude extract prepared from the midgut as well as that from the hindgut produced glucose from crystalline cellulose. These data suggest that C. formosanus has two independent cellulose-digesting systems: one in the midgut where cellulose digestion is accomplished by endogenous cellulases and the other in the hindgut which makes use of other cellulases possibly from symbiotic flagellates.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2000

[The digestive system].

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Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System↗