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Results for “DREAM complex”

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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A comparison of the manifest content in dreams of suicidal, depressed and violent patients.

The manifest dream content of psychiatric in-patients who had been admitted because of suicidal attempts was compared with three in-patient control groups, patients who had been admitted for: a) depression and suicidal ideation without attempt; b) depression with no suicidal ideation and; c) commission of a violent act without suicidality. Standardized tests of dream content were used as well as the Beck scale for depression and certain subscales of the MMPI. The results confirmed that both suicidal and violent patients have more death content and destructive violence in their dreams, but that this was a function of the severity of depression and certain character traits such as impulsivity rather than being specific to the behaviour itself. The dream content is continuous with, and probably reflects, the waking state in the case of the depressives. On the other hand some of the findings require a more complex dynamic explanation lending some support to the idea that the dream may have an adaptive function.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

A structural and intertextual reading of Freud's "On Dreams".

By using the framework of a "quest" narrative based on literary allusions to Virgil's Aeneid and Goethe's Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship, Freud transformed the 500 pages of The Interpretation of Dreams into some fifty pages entitled "On Dreams." This paper elucidates the narrative means by which Freud achieved the feat of turning a highly complex, lengthy theoretical work into an engaging narrative. Its main plot, provided by a specimen dream, reveals Freud's working through of the personal and professional conflicts of his life up to 1901, and serves as a practical demonstration of and paradigm for the process of working through in psychoanalysis.

Dreams↗
PubMed1994

Elicitation of "childhood memories" in hypnosis-like settings is associated with complex partial epileptic-like signs for women but not for men: implications for the false memory syndrome.

20 male and 20 female undergraduate students were exposed singly for 20 min. to an exotic setting (partial sensory deprivation and weak, bilateral transtemporal pulsed magnetic fields) that enhances relaxation and exotic experiences. The numerical incidence of subjective experiences described as old memories, dreams, emotions, or vestibular sensations did not differ significantly between the sexes; however, women who reported a greater prevalence of preexperimental complex partial epileptic-like signs were more likely to report experiences of "old memories" (r = 0.61) while men who exhibited these signs were more likely to report dream-like (r = 0.49) experiences. Because complex partial epileptic-like signs are positively associated with suggestibility, the potential contribution of this differential gender effect to the etiology of the False Memory Syndrome requires further investigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

In Vienna veritas...?

The author focuses first on the cultural background which stimulated Freud and led to some of his conclusions on the importance and meaning of 'Oedipus Rex' and 'Hamlet' for his discovery of the Oedipus complex. He stresses the significance of Freud's education and the influence of the late eighteenth and nineteenth-century tradition of the German-speaking intellectuals. The author uses the sources of Freud's actual or possible readings from 1897 leading up to the publication of 'The Interpretation of Dreams' to support the evidence for his thesis of the complex interaction between Freud and his cultural background. The author tentatively tries to show that even post-Freudian interpretations of 'Oedipus Rex' cannot be considered without looking at parallel research taking place in fields other than psychoanalysis. He stresses the importance of myth in post-Freudian psychoanalysis and particularly focuses on the relationship between the myth of Narcissus and 'Oedipus Rex' and what this gave rise to. He concludes his paper by stressing that as Freud's interpretations of the 'Oedipus Rex' do show the influence of the cultural context in which he operated, the same can be said for our interpretations too. They are part of a changing historical process, but at the same time they contain some permanent values.

Austria↗
PubMed1996

[Human factors and heart surgery: a Cartesian dream].

It is postulated that high technology medicine can be assimilated to complex socio-technical systems such as the aviation industry, nuclear power or chemical plants etc. It is proposed to apply to cardiac surgery the techniques of human reliability and human error analysis that have been acquired over the past two decades to enhance safety in those areas of high technology. It is now widely accepted that in complex socio-technical systems accidents are due to human factors in 60-80% of the cases. Accident theories and, in particular theories of organisational accidents, have been applied prospectively to negative surgical outcomes in an attempt to understand their causation ad to establish defence mechanisms to prevent them or at least mitigate their consequences. The philosophical issues raised by this endeavour will be outlined.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed2002

The termination phase of psychoanalysis as seen through the lens of the dream.

The decision about when to terminate analysis has long been underpinned by a theory-driven criterion model, which may steer the analytic dialogue away from its customary activities of free association, empathic listening, and interpretation. As a remedy to this situation, the author proposes that by paying careful attention to less consciously crafted patient communications such as dreams, the analytic dyad can consider readiness to set a termination date from a perspective that is context-sensitive and less encumbered by preordained criteria. Tracing the dreams of one analysand from the vantage point of contemporary dream theory, the author demonstrates how careful attention to the dream elucidated the patient's readiness to terminate and her complex feelings about the termination process. Finally, the author challenges the notion that the termination phase is of greater evaluative than therapeutic importance, and provides clinical material as evidence that this is not the case.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Evidence from epileptic patients on the role of the right hemisphere in REM sleep.

Eight highly selected epileptic patients found to have lasting right temporal or temporooccipital rhythmic focal activity during night sleep were reassessed following remission which occurred between a few days and 7 years after the initial finding. In polysomnographic EEG recording, when the patients had extensive epileptic discharges in the right temporal and temporo-occipital regions, a prolonged period of REM sleep occurred (34.1 +/- 7.06% of total sleep time). Following remission, however, disproportion had returned to normal (20.4 +/- 1.75%). These results confirm that intensive focal epileptic activity in the temporal and temporooccipital regions of the right hemisphere during sleep facilitate REM sleep thus indicating a dominant role for the right hemisphere in REM sleep and dreaming.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Symbolic meanings of island in dreams.

Six dreams reported from neurotic patients in the therapy of Jungian analysis are presented to illustrate the symbolic meanings of islands in dreams. The island in dreams symbolizes (i) the entrance point into Jungian analysis, (ii) a complex in which a dreamer has got involved and (iii) the beginning of the newly organized ego consciousness. The multiple meanings of islands are suggested to originate from several levels of the unconscious from which the identical symbol of island comes from.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of auras and triggering factors in epilepsy.

Case reports of five patients are presented, each with a specific aura at the onset of the seizures. All of these patients' had seizures during the waking state. Their auras were carefully replicated and presented to the patients under various conditions. The presentation of the auras evoked neither clinical nor EEG evidence of seizures. A sixth patient had seizures only when asleep which were preceded by vivid nightmares. Since the seizures occurred only when the patient was asleep, we considered that the seizures could be reflex in nature and evoked by a dream. Replication of the dream, however, did not evoke clinical or EEG evidence of epilepsy. The dreams, therefore, were auras or a part of the seizure complex.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1995

Triangular space and the development of a working model in the analysis.

Two clinical examples are presented in order to demonstrate how the analyst uses what he perceives to be the patient's impact on his ability to think, in constructing an effective psychoanalytic working model. The two clinical cases, very different in character and in the countertransference difficulties they cause, lead to the construction of quite diverse working models, although an oedipal illusion plays a central role in both. The presentation is based on the premise that psychic space exists and that the shape of the psychic space of one individual affects by way of projection the shape of the psychic space of another. In the discussion the author traces Bion's concept of the working model and the abstractions which can be developed from it, as well as the use of Bion's theory in Britton's discovery of the effect that a patient's personal model of the oedipal situation can have on the mind of the analyst.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMed1994

REM sleep abnormalities and psychiatry.

Since the 1950s, with the discovery of REM sleep and its relationship to dreaming, psychiatric sleep researchers have been interested in uncovering the complex relationship between disturbed sleep and psychiatric disorders. This paper reviews the alterations in REM sleep of relevance to psychiatry and indicates that continued developments in sleep research may assist in further understanding the neuropathophysiology of affective and other psychiatric illnesses.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2005

Identification and mapping of yield and yield related QTLs from an Indian accession of Oryza rufipogon.

BACKGROUND: Cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) is endowed with a rich genetic variability. In spite of such a great diversity, the modern rice cultivars have narrow genetic base for most of the agronomically important traits. To sustain the demand of an ever increasing population, new avenues have to be explored to increase the yield of rice. Wild progenitor species present potential donor sources for complex traits such as yield and would help to realize the dream of sustained food security. RESULTS: Advanced backcross method was used to introgress and map new quantitative trait loci (QTLs) relating to yield and its components from an Indian accession of Oryza rufipogon. An interspecific BC2 testcross progeny (IR58025A/O. rufipogon//IR580325B///IR58025B////KMR3) was evaluated for 13 agronomic traits pertaining to yield and its components. Transgressive segregants were obtained for all the traits. Thirty nine QTLs were identified using interval mapping and composite interval mapping. In spite of it's inferiority for most of the traits studied, O. rufipogon alleles contributed positively to 74% of the QTLs. Thirty QTLs had corresponding occurrences with the QTLs reported earlier, indicating that these QTLs are stable across genetic backgrounds. Nine QTLs are novel and reported for the first time. CONCLUSION: The study confirms that the progenitor species constitute a prominent source of still unfolded variability for traits of complex inheritance like yield. With the availability of the complete genome sequence of rice and the developments in the field of genomics, it is now possible to identify the genes underlying the QTLs. The identification of the genes constituting QTLs would help us to understand the molecular mechanisms behind the action of QTLs.

Agriculture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Strategies for targeted tumor assessment and elimination: the physician-scientist and the blossoming of molecular medicine in urologic oncology.

To realize its full potential in treating urologic malignancies, molecular medicine in the post-genomic era requires the science of molecular biology to become a great force of change directed to the critical health questions confronting the clinician. The clinician-scientist is the linchpin to convert an exploratory, reactive stance to a predictive and efficacious paradigm in treating urologic malignancies. The explosion of basic and translational discoveries will demand a "systems biology" approach at the fingertips of the future clinician, and realize the dream of proactive and highly adaptable "engineered" response to the very complex "survival" biology of urologic tumors. To arm our clinicians of tomorrow, the physician-scientists of today need resources, time, and a nurturing environment to ask great questions, and, thus, to solve the problem of cancer.

Medical Oncology↗
PubMed2001

Exploiting human genetic variation in drug discovery and development.

'The right drug for the right patient at the right time'Is this a realistic goal for today's pharmaceutical industry and tomorrow's medical practitioner? Or merely an over-simplistic refrain that can only ever be an unfulfilled dream? Here we discuss the reality behind the dream and illustrate how the analysis of genetic variation is a complex science that has the capacity to make significant contributions to drug discovery and development strategies. An understanding of the impact of human variation must be a central consideration in the future practice of pharmaceutical R&D.

Journal Article↗