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Results for “DIET THERAPY”

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PubMed1985

Termination of strict diet therapy in phenylketonuria. A study on EEG sleep patterns and computer spectral analysis.

For several years and under various aspects we have studied diet termination in twenty-two early and late treated patients with phenylketonuria. Time of diet termination was the completed eighth year. For evaluation of possible functional CNS deficits, we applied psychometric tests, methods for testing psychomotor behavior and, in addition, neurophysiological parameters and registrations of sleep EEG. EEG morphology was studied visually and the rhythms of the different phases of sleep were quantified by computerized spectral analysis. EEG was studied during diet therapy when phenylalanine levels in blood were low and after a relatively short period of four months with elevated phenylalanine blood levels. At least two years after diet termination with correspondingly elevated phenylalanine blood levels the EEG was studied once more. Compared to the respective findings before diet termination in these patients there were no significant changes of the sleep EEG seen, neither on visual nor on spectral analysis. We have seen in this study minor EEG changes in early treated children and overtly pathological EEG changes in late treated PKU patients with cerebral damage, both before and after diet termination. Ultrastructural CNS defects may be the cause of these anomalies which do not respond to the actual biochemical situation at the age of eight to ten years. The morphology of such defects may include altered synaptic maturation and may occur already in an early phase before the diet therapy is implemented.

Central Nervous System↗
PubMed2001

The necessity of diet therapy for successful interferon-gamma therapy in atopic dermatitis.

The avoidance of incriminated foods is one of the principal therapies for atopic dermatitis (AD). Recently, interferon (IFN)-gamma therapy has been tried in AD with limited success. The necessity of diet therapy for the success of IFN-gamma therapy in AD was evaluated. A total of 524 AD patients participated in this study and 316 patients among them were entered into open food challenge tests. As the first step, an elimination diet was administered to 43 AD patients and 30 AD patients were enrolled as an untreated control group. As the second step, 45 AD patients were treated by both IFN-gamma therapy and elimination diet alone, 30 AD patients by elimination diet alone, 50 AD patients by IFN-gamma therapy, and 43 AD patients as controls. Clinical severity reduced significantly by using only the elimination diet in 58.1% patients with varying degrees of AD. Elimination diet improved the clinical results of IFN-gamma therapy in AD. In regard to the food challenge test, 77.8% of AD patients showed an adverse reaction to at least one food. Diet therapy itself had therapeutic effects on AD and an elimination diet might be essential for the success of IFN-gamma therapy in AD.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte and platelet membranes after diet therapy in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia type II].

Fatty acid spectrum of blood plasma, erythrocyte, and thrombocyte membranes as well as its alterations after diet therapy, containing polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acids at the ratio of I and less than 350 mg of cholesterol per a day, was studied in patients with hereditary hypercholesterolemia using gas chromatography. Content of linoleic acid was increased and that of oleic and arachidonic acids--decreased in lipids of the patients blood plasma as compared with healthy persons; an increase of linoleic acid was also detected in thrombocyte lipids. Alterations in fatty acid spectrum of erythrocyte membranes were less pronounced. After the course of diet therapy within I month a further increase in content of linoleic acid was observed in blood plasma. Under these conditions efficiency of essential fatty acids incorporation into lipid structures of thrombocyte membranes was higher and of erythrocytes--lower in the patients as compared with healthy persons. Possible alimentary correction of fatty acid spectrum in blood lipids is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Effects of exercise combined with diet therapy on protein utilization in obese children.

PURPOSE: Hypocaloric therapy may adversely affect protein utilization in obese children given that metabolic reactions involving protein, a nutrient essential for growth, are energy-dependent. Because physical activity influences nutrient utilization and may modulate the effects of reduced energy intake, exercise combined with diet therapy may be beneficial with regard to protein metabolism. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in protein utilization in response to sequential addition of an exercise program to dietary intervention in obese children. METHODS: After a 2-wk baseline period, five subjects aged 8-10 yr reduced energy intake [-2092 to -2510 kJ.d(-1)(-500 to -600 kcal.d(-1))] for 12 wk. A walking program [5 d.wk(-1), 3.2-4.8 km.d(-1) (2-3 miles.d(-1))] was implemented during the final 6 wk of diet therapy. At baseline and after phases I (diet only) and II (exercise and diet) of intervention, 15N-glycine was used to assess protein synthesis (PS), protein breakdown (PB), net turnover (NET = PS - PB), and nitrogen flux (Q). RESULTS: Subjects lost 4.2+/-0.4 kg during the 12-wk intervention period (P < or = 0.05). With diet only, NET decreased (P < or = 0.05) due to a reduction in PS (P < or = 0.05) accompanied by no change in PB. Although PS increased with walking (P < or = 0.05), NET did not return to baseline levels due to a concurrent increase in PB (P < or = 0.05). Changes in PS and PB yielded an increase in Q (P < or = 0.05), a measure of amino acid cycling between protein and free amino acid pools. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that exercise offers metabolic benefits for obese children during diet-induced weight loss. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess long-term health outcomes associated with the observed changes in protein utilization.

Body Composition↗