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Results for “Capacity Building”

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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Community capacity building in CDC's Community Coalition Partnership Programs for the Prevention of Teen Pregnancy.

PURPOSE: To describe lessons learned from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Community Coalition Partnership Program (CCPP) about building a community's capacity to prevent teen pregnancy through strengthening of partnerships, mobilization of community resources, and changes in the number and quality of community programs. METHODS: A multi-component post-test-only evaluation. In-person interviews (n = 364) were conducted with a sample of CCPP project staff, evaluators, and community and agency members from each of the 13 CCPP communities. RESULTS: All partnerships reported that new groups worked together to address teen pregnancy prevention; however, more time, effort, and resources than anticipated were spent engaging these groups and strengthening their partnerships. Respondents reported increases in community awareness of the problem of teen pregnancy and the willingness to discuss the issue. As a result of partnerships' activities, knowledge and skills related to addressing teen pregnancy improved among partnership members, but respondents were concerned that the broader community did not share these gains. To a lesser extent, respondents reported that partners worked together to reduce duplication and fill gaps in services either through increased collaboration and/or differentiation of activities. Respondents from most of the partnerships also reported new programs were developed as a result of the project; however, in several partnerships, only a few programs were developed in their community. Many respondents doubted whether the limited mobilization of resources during the program would translate into increased agency and community capacity. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, increased partner skills, program improvements, and new programs did not appear to be sufficient to affect community capacity. Research is needed to identify the pathways between changes in community capacity and in individual-level behavior that might result in the avoidance or reduction of teen pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Capacity building and resource needs of state health agencies to implement community-based cardiovascular disease programs.

State Health Agencies play a critical role in the Nation's efforts for health promotion and disease prevention. This role is especially critical in efforts to reduce the burden of CVD through community-based programs. Resources SHAs need to facilitate implementation of community-based CVD prevention programs fall into three general categories: (a) Adequate time to plan, carry out and evaluate, (b) Financial resources to support staff, community organization and demonstration programs, and (c) Personnel with requisite technical expertise, skills and technological resources. Six critical activities for building state-level CVD program capacity include: (1) Forming a statewide CVD oversight committee, (2) Developing a state CVD plan, (3) Developing quality assurance standards and guidelines, (4) Developing new paradigms of community assessment and evaluation, (5) Planning for institutionalization, and (6) Translation of research to application. SHA roles vary from direct service delivery to serving as a linking agent, transferring information and resources and coordinating efforts between agencies.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed2006

Community-based disaster preparedness and climate adaptation: local capacity-building in the Philippines.

Community-based disaster preparedness (CBDP) approaches are increasingly important elements of vulnerability reduction and disaster management strategies. They are associated with a policy trend that values the knowledge and capacities of local people and builds on local resources, including social capital. CBDP may be instrumental not only in formulating local coping and adaptation strategies, but also in situating them within wider development planning and debates. In theory, local people can be mobilised to resist unsustainable (vulnerability increasing) forms of development or livelihood practices and to raise local concerns more effectively with political representatives. This paper focuses on the potential of CBDP initiatives to alleviate vulnerability in the context of climate change, and their limitations. It presents evidence from the Philippines that, in the limited forms in which they are currently employed, CBDP initiatives have the potential both to empower and disempower, and warns against treating CBDP as a panacea to disaster management problems.

Community Networks↗
PubMed1991

Capacity building for the health sector in Africa.

Experiences in South Asia and Africa are compared, and a critical need for development of institutional capacities in Africa is identified. It is argued that in addition to investment in essential health services, there is a need for concerted effort among leaders in African governments, donor organizations, universities and professional bodies to develop a comprehensive plan of action for capacity development in the health sector.

Africa↗
PubMed2004

Opening doors and building capacity: employing a community-based approach to surveying.

Although many community-based initiatives employ community residents to undertake door-to-door surveys as a form of community mobilization or for purposes of needs assessment or evaluation, very little has been published on the strengths and weaknesses of this approach. This article discusses our experience in undertaking such a survey in collaboration with a coalition of community-based organizations (CBOs) in the South Bronx, New York. Although resource constraints limited the already-strained capacity of the CBOs to provide supervision, the CBOs and community surveyors helped us gain access to neighborhood buildings and to individuals who might otherwise have been inaccessible. The survey process also contributed to the coalition's community outreach efforts and helped to link the CBO leadership and staff more closely to the coalition and its mission. Many of the surveyors enhanced their knowledge and skills in ways that have since benefited them or the coalition directly. The participating CBOs continue to be deeply engaged in the coalition's work, and many of the surveyors are active as community health advocates and have taken leadership roles within the coalition.

Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMed2007

A framework for building organizational capacity integrating planning, monitoring, and evaluation.

BACKGROUND: HIV prevention organizations are increasingly adopting more intensive and evidence-based strategies with the goal of protecting targeted populations from HIV infection or transmission. Thus, capacity building has moved to the forefront as a set of activities necessary to enable HIV prevention organizations to plan, implement, monitor, and evaluate prevention programs and services. Cost-effective approaches to the provision of capacity building assistance traditionally use strategies that compromise efficaciousness and more intensive approaches can be cost prohibitive. In addition, traditional approaches treat program planning and implementation and program monitoring and evaluation as two separate entities, even though they are interdependent aspects of an efficient and effective service delivery system. OBJECTIVE: This article describes a framework for building sustainable organizational capacity that combines high- and low-intensity approaches; integrates program planning, monitoring, and evaluation; and focuses on building understanding of the value of appropriate organizational change. METHODS: The described framework was used over a 3-year period with 52 community-based organizations funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and organizations funded by CDC-funded health departments. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The article includes lessons learned, recommendations for building long-term sustainability, organizational change at various levels, and the need to develop standardized indicators to measure changes in organizational capacity.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.↗
PubMed1999

A model for building collective capacity in community-based programs: the Elderly in Need Project.

As the focus of health promotion moves from individuals to organizations, communities and broader social policy, the models that guide public health program planning and development need reexamination. Public health nurses are gaining experience in strengthening and supporting the ability of communities to grow and change. This study aimed to illuminate the process. Data, gathered as part of an action research project to develop individual and community-based strategies to decrease isolation in frail older adults, provided a rich source of qualitative data. Analysis was directed toward identifying the factors and processes of capacity-building. The emerging model was clarified and partially validated with academics and practitioners from health promotion programs across the age span. Four stages of building collective capacity were identified: identifying common ground, working cooperatively, working in partnership, and working across the community. At each stage, processes of relationship building, project management and capacity-building resulted in stage specific products. A model of building collective capacity, grounded in community health practice and supported by the literature provides a base for developing practice indicators, and practice guidelines which will strengthen the ability to reach health goals.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Health care reform in the American states: administrative capacity building.

As the nation moves to reform Medicare and the health care industry becomes more competitive which will dramatically change the means by which health care is organized and financed, state governments ought to be establishing administrative capacity to administer new systems. This article describes past experiences of states in similar efforts and uses the legislation written in 13 states to analyze in greater detail current state health reform activities. Policies that create new central authorities have the greatest likelihood of building the appropriate administrative infrastructures. Provisions related to establishing data bases, creating regional authorities or advisory committees, establishing uniform claims, and facilitating integrated systems of care are common to several proposals. Previous state experiences with health planning and citizen involvement are evident in the schemes being proposed and enacted.

Health Care Reform↗
PubMed2005

Perspectives on emerging zoonotic disease research and capacity building in Canada.

Zoonoses are fundamental determinants of community health. Preventing, identifying and managing these infections must be a central public health focus. Most current zoonoses research focuses on the interface of the pathogen and the clinically ill person, emphasizing microbial detection, mechanisms of pathogenicity and clinical intervention strategies, rather than examining the causes of emergence, persistence and spread of new zoonoses. There are gaps in the understanding of the animal determinants of emergence and the capacity to train highly qualified individuals; these are major obstacles to preventing new disease threats. The ability to predict the emergence of zoonoses and their resulting public health and societal impacts are hindered when insufficient effort is devoted to understanding zoonotic disease epidemiology, and when zoonoses are not examined in a manner that yields fundamental insight into their origin and spread. Emerging infectious disease research should rest on four pillars: enhanced communications across disciplinary and agency boundaries; the assessment and development of surveillance and disease detection tools; the examination of linkages between animal health determinants of human health outcomes; and finally, cross-disciplinary training and research. A national strategy to predict, prevent and manage emerging diseases must have a prominent and explicit role for veterinary and biological researchers. An integrated health approach would provide decision makers with a firmer foundation from which to build evidence-based disease prevention and control plans that involve complex human/animal/environmental systems, and would serve as the foundation to train and support the new cadre of individuals ultimately needed to maintain and apply research capacity in this area.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

The impact of evidence-based education on a perinatal capacity-building initiative in Macedonia.

CONTEXT: The perinatal mortality rate (PMR) in Macedonia is among the highest in Europe. The World Bank supported a consultant (HEJ) to collaborate with a Macedonian team to develop a national perinatal strategy with the goal of reducing the PMR. Education was given priority in the form of a hospital-based initiative to develop the capacity of health professionals to introduce evidence-based perinatal practice into 16 participating hospitals. A "train the teachers" approach was used, with trainees introduced to modern education and clinical practice in Sydney and subsequently supported to train their colleagues in Skopje. OBJECTIVES: To describe the development, implementation and evaluation of the educational intervention. METHODS: A curriculum, based on specific Macedonian needs, was developed in order to integrate teaching in the knowledge, skills and attitudinal domains of learning, using small group, interactive techniques. Twenty-five Macedonian doctors and nurses participated in 4-month (phase 1a) and 6-month (phase 1b) teaching programmes at a tertiary perinatal unit in Sydney. Australian staff conducted 4 2-week modules for 36 trainees in Macedonia (phase 2). The phase 1 trainees conducted 8 modules for 57 colleagues in Skopje (phase 3). The intervention was evaluated by trainee questionnaires, assessments of competence, changes in hospital practice and pre- (1997-99) and post-intervention (2000-01) comparisons of PMR. RESULTS: A total of 115 doctors and nurses graduated from the programme. Positive responses to the education programme exceeded 80%. Evidence-based practice in 16 participating hospitals (covering 91% of all Macedonian births) was verified in 6 key areas of neonatology. The PMR fell significantly from 27.4 to 21.5 per 1000 births (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.73, 0.85). The early neonatal death rate in babies weighing over 1000 g fell by 36%. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention has increased the capacity of Macedonians to practise best-evidence perinatal medicine and improve outcomes. Sustainability is predicted by the "train the teachers" approach, with concurrent strengthening of the infrastructure and organisational framework.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Building capacity in nursing: creating a leadership institute.

The authors describe the development of the Dorothy M. Wylie Nursing Leadership Institute, an innovative partnership of the Nursing Effectiveness, Outcomes and Utilization Research Unit at the University of Toronto site and nurse consultants with expertise in organizational and human resource development. The context for the initiative, needs and rationale, supporting literature and the coalition-building and planning activities are outlined. The program and its conceptual underpinnings, creation of a learning community, participant profiles, evaluation processes and future plans are described.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2003

Capacity building for an integrated noncommunicable disease risk factor surveillance system in developing countries.

For the first time, the World Health Organization (WHO) is recommending that countries implement noncommunicable disease (NCD) surveillance by focusing on the major risk factors that predict the most common NCDs. To achieve this goal, member states are being offered a surveillance framework that provides a first step toward an integrated approach to NCD prevention and control. The goal of this framework, the STEPwise approach to NCD surveillance (STEPS), is to increase and sustain a country's capacity to ensure ongoing surveillance. Using the data to develop interventions and policies is an integral part of the STEPS approach, which, in turn, increases capacity to influence policy. Ongoing support from donors is essential to meeting the goal of increasing a country's capacity to undertake the NCD surveillance activity required to provide the basic information from which to formulate policy that effectively reduces the burden of disease.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2005

Health behaviour and lifestyle of Pacific youth surveys: a resource for capacity building.

The changing global socio-economic environment over the last two decades has had significant ramifications for the health and development of youth in lower- and middle-income countries. In the Pacific region, young people are exposed to similar causes of ill-health as their peers in developed countries. This paper describes the development, implementation and major findings of the Health Behaviour and Lifestyle of Pacific Youth (HBLPY) surveys, a regional initiative to obtain representative data about health-related behaviour and needs of adolescents in Vanuatu, Tonga and the Federated States of Micronesia. The Pacific HBLPY is modelled on the WHO Europe Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) surveys. The surveys, undertaken in 2000-2001, were built upon strong local partnerships and were undertaken with youth participation to ensure survey ownership. A regional technical group was formed to provide training and support to strengthen health survey capacity of youth and their agencies. The findings showed that tobacco was most commonly used substance, with 29.7% of 15-year-old boys and 15.7% of girls smoking weekly. Over half of the students did not engage in physical activity for at least 2 h per week; these rates are substantially lower than those usually found in Europe. Dietary habits among this group are also of concern, reflecting international trends away from highly nutritious traditional diets. The HBLPY surveys have shown that it is possible to collect population-based data in lower- and middle-income countries so that appropriate youth health programmes and policies can be developed. Implementation of an ongoing surveillance system similar to the HBLPY model in these countries warrants further investigation. Such initiatives should be supported at the regional and global level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Capacity-building for youth workers through community-based partnerships.

Although positive youth development (PYD) is increasingly influential in the field of youth programming, core knowledge and competencies for youth workers continue to be defined. Youth serving agencies throughout the United States face serious obstacles in the creation of a stable and well-trained workforce, despite the presence of many talented and resourceful individuals who work with youth in the community. One strategy for organizational and staff development is through PYD-oriented, community-based partnerships designed to enhance youth worker knowledge and competence. Two different partnerships are described in this report. The first brought together experts in youth work, health, and trauma, and focused on improving youth worker response to psychologic trauma commonly experienced by urban youth. This partnership used an iterative reflective practice approach to describe best practices in youth work. The second partnership strategically taught evaluation skills to youth program consumers, AmeriCorps service members, and adult youth workers to advance youth-adult partnerships. These exemplars demonstrate that partnerships can drive systems for improving competencies in youth workers and the capacities of youth services.

Adolescent↗