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PubMed1992

[Taste thresholds and above-threshold responses to fructose solution in relation to diet in Callitrichidae primates].

Taste thresholds and consumption responses to above-threshold concentrations of fructose solutions were determined in eight callitrichid primate species using the "two-bottle preference test". Although taste thresholds are relatively similar across species, above-threshold responses may differ considerably between marmosets and tamarins. As fructose concentration increases, the rate of consumption increases less for most marmoset species (Cebuella and Callithrix spp.) than for Goeldi's monkey (Callimico) and tamarins (Saguinus and Leontopithecus spp.). It is proposed that distinct shapes of the curves illustrating these responses characterize species in terms of global taste system adaptations to different diets.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Spontaneous colonic adenocarcinoma in marmosets.

We find that colonic adenocarcinoma, which is an extremely rare neoplasm of all animals except man and carcinogen-treated rodents, occurs spontaneously in some marmosets. The cotton-topped Saguinus oedipus oedipus is particularly prone to develop it, but we have found it also at necropsy in Callimico goeldii (Goeldi's marmoset). Numerous metastases to regional lymph nodes develop. The cancers arise de novo in the mucosa and early invade the submucosa and lymphatic apparatus and paracolonic lymph nodes. These findings and the continuing occurrence of this cancer in our colony suggests that the marmoset may be the long-sought primate model for experimental intestinal carcinogenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

The nasopalatine duct and the nasal floor cartilages in catarrhine primates.

The nasal floor structures in catarrhine primates have been studied on the basis of histological serial sections of older fetuses of Presbytis, Hylobates, Gorilla, Pan, Pongo and Homo. For outgroup comparisons, sections of the strepsirhine Daubentonia and the platyrrhine Callimico are presented; in these taxa the nasal floor cartilages are intimately connected not only with the nasopalatine duct (STENO) but also with the persisting vomeronasal organ (JACOBSON). Whereas the vomeronasal organ has disappeared as a functioning sensory organ in catarrhines (occasional embryonic vestiges are reported), the nasopalatine duct is retained in cercopithecoids, hylobatids and in Gorilla; in Pan, Pongo and Homo at least remnants of the duct and of the associated cartilages are preserved. The systematic meanings of these findings have been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Centromere repositioning.

Primate pericentromeric regions recently have been shown to exhibit extraordinary evolutionary plasticity. In this paper we report an additional peculiar feature of these regions that we discovered while analyzing, by FISH, the evolutionary conservation of primate phylogenetic chromosome IX. If the position of the centromere is not taken into account, a relatively small number of rearrangements must be invoked to account for interspecific differences. Conversely, if the centromere is included, a paradox emerges: The position of the centromere seems to have undergone, in some species, an evolutionary history independent from the surrounding markers. A significant number of additional rearrangements must be proposed to reconcile the order of the markers with centromere position. Alternatively, the evolutionary emergence of neocentromeres can be postulated.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Pseudotuberculosis in marmosets, tamarins, and Goeldi's monkeys (Callithrichidae/Callimiconidae) housed at a European zoo.

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is an insidious bacterial infectious agent distributed worldwide and endemic to European countries. It has caused several animal deaths and may threaten the effectiveness of breeding projects for endangered species. In this retrospective study, we examine the prevalence of pseudotuberculosis in Jersey Zoo (Channel Islands, U.K.) over a period of 16 yr to obtain information that can be applied to prevent the infection. The efforts made to control the disease through vaccination are also explored. Our results show that pseudotuberculosis has been endemic to Jersey Zoo since 1979 and is responsible for significant animal loss in the Callithrichidae/Callimiconidae group. Mortality due to Y. pseudotuberculosis was seasonal; a high percentage of deaths occurred during wet and cold seasons. No significant difference was found in mortality rates of vaccinated versus nonvaccinated animals. Although the efficacy of vaccination has not been confirmed, we believe that an improved vaccination program could be an important tool in controlling outbreaks of infection in marmosets and tamarins.

Animals↗