Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “CHOLECYSTOGRAPHY”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Delayed (modified) oral cholecystography in the study of biliary dyskinesia].

Biliary dyskinesia is difficult to be either diagnosed or treated. A modified oral cholecystography technique has been tested to make it suitable for studying such gallbladder disease. Routine oral cholecystography was performed and then two other roentgenograms were taken both 24 and 48 hours after it. In our opinion, further studies should be performed whenever gallbladder visualization lasts longer than 48 hours even in order to indicate surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Oral cholecystography compared to cholescintigraphy for evaluation of cystic duct patency prior to ESWL treatment.

In a prospective, blinded study of 109 patients with cholecystolithiasis, oral cholecystography and 99Tcm-EHIDA cholescintigraphy were compared in terms of reliability for demonstrating cystic duct patency: one of the prerequisites for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) treatment of cholecystolithiasis. Patients with a positive result on one or both tests were regarded as having cystic duct patency. Patients with negative and uncertain result of both tests or one of each were regarded as having no cystic duct patency. Concordance between the two tests was obtained in 93 of 109 patients. The diagnostic reliability of cholescintigraphy and oral cholecystography were 95 and 86%, respectively (P < 0.05), suggesting a more precise determination of gallbladder filling with scintigraphy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Hyperplastic cholecystosis: study by ceruletide-assisted cholecystography.

Five hundred and two patients with good opacification of the gallbladder were studied by means of ceruletide-assisted cholecystography. A high percentage (15.7; 79 patients) was found to have hyperplastic cholecystoses. So far 26 of these patients have been operated upon because of gallstones or painful symptoms. The x-ray diagnosis was confirmed in all cases. Compared with routine cholecystography, the powerful contraction induced by ceruletide appears to lead to a more frequent recognition of hyperplastic cholecystoses.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Discrepancy between ultrasound and oral cholecystography in the assessment of gallstone dissolution.

The Sunnybrook Medical Centre Gallstone Study is a randomized, controlled, double-blind study of chenodeoxycholic acid for dissolution of radiolucent gallstones. Of the first 22 patients whose stones were apparently totally dissolved on oral cholecystography, seven were found to have residual small stone fragments on ultrasound examination of the gallbladder. Continuing chenotherapy was unsuccessful in dissolving these fragments. The possibility that the residual stones represent insoluble nuclei of the original calculi must be considered. Responses to choleitholytic therapy and subsequent stone recurrences need to be reevaluated using ultrasound.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonic evaluation of gallbladder emptying with ceruletide: comparison to oral cholecystography with fatty meal.

Assessment of gallbladder function is required prior to nonsurgical treatment of gallstones. In order to develop a practical and reproducible method of evaluation, gallbladder emptying was studied by ultrasound (US) in 55 gallstone patients after intramuscular administration of ceruletide (0.3 micrograms/kg). In 27 of these subjects, the US procedure was compared to oral cholecystography (OCG) with fatty meal. Maximal percent gallbladder contraction was reached 30 min after ceruletide in all patients. Maximal percent contractions were 47.5 +/- 27.7 during US with ceruletide and 33.9 +/- 16.3 during OCG with fatty meal (p = 0.03). A significant linear relationship was found between the results obtained with the two different procedures (r = 0.57; p = 0.002). Serial US determinations of gallbladder emptying were performed in 16 patients. Individual variation was below 20% in 11 subjects, and in five subjects it ranged between 20 and 40%. Minor, self-limiting side effects were observed in 13 patients. US determination of gallbladder emptying after ceruletide appears to be a practical and reliable method to assess gallbladder function.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Layering of contrast material in oral cholecystography.

Serial erect roentgenograms of the gallbladder during oral cholecystography were taken in 50 patients before and after a fatty meal. In the presence of good opacification, layering of opaque and nonopaque bile was noted in most cases 2 hours after the fatty meal. The degree of layering was related to the extent of gallbladder contraction produced by the fatty meal and the degree to which the gallbladder refilled by the inflow of nonopaque liver bile. The layering phenomenon thus appears to be a manifestation of a normally functioning gallbladder and occurs when the gallbladder refills with fresh nonopaque bile.

Bile↗
PubMed1991

Oral cholecystography: comparison of conventional screen-film with photostimulable imaging plate radiographs.

Oral cholecystography was performed on ultrasonically proven cases of cholelithiasis. The conventional screen/film system and computed radiography (CR) using the imaging plate were used under practically identical conditions. The diagnostic accuracy of the two techniques was assessed objectively, and the image quality was assessed subjectively. The CR image proved to be better than the conventional screen/film image, even with the low-dose exposure. This paper describes our experience in the area of the biliary tract system with CR - a digital radiographic system using photostimulable phosphor.

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1992

Role of oral cholecystography, real-time ultrasound, and CT in evaluation of gallstones and gallbladder function.

The capacity of oral cholecystography (OCG), real-time ultrasound (RUS), and computed tomography (CT) to detect gallstones and to analyze their size, number, and composition was tested preoperatively in 37 patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. Gallbladder response to a standard meal was also evaluated by OCG and RUS. Gallstones were analyzed chemically for calcium, cholesterol, and bilirubin content. The results show that RUS is the most valuable test for detecting gallstones and is similar to OCG in measuring their size and number, whereas CT underestimates the stone size. Gallbladder function in terms of contractibility can be evaluated by RUS and OCG, but RUS provides useful information even if the gallbladder is not opacified at OCG. CT is more accurate than OCG in detecting the presence of calcium, and CT attenuation numbers are positively correlated with calcium content of the stone (r = 0.87, p less than 0.01).

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1990

Nonvisualized gallbladder on oral cholecystography: implications for lithotripsy.

Currently, most protocols evaluating the efficacy of gallstone lithotripsy require a visualized gallbladder on oral cholecystography (OCG). The primary purpose of the OCG is to establish that the cystic duct is patent. When the gallbladder is visualized on OCG, it can also be used to number and size gallstones accurately. Patients with non-visualization of the gallbladder on OCG are excluded from consideration for lithotripsy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the ultrasonographic findings (i.e., number and sizes of stones in 32 patients with nonvisualization on the OCG). In 11 patients (34%) ultrasound (US) did not detect any stone, and it is presumed that the gallbladder failed to visualize for other reasons. Six patients (19%) had one or two stones and 15 (47%) patients had more than three stones. This suggests that 20% of patients with nonvisualization of the gallbladder on OCG would otherwise be eligible for lithotripsy provided that patency of the cystic duct can be demonstrated by other means, such as computed tomographic (CT) examination with oral biliary contrast or cholescintigraphy.

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1981

Concentration and excretion of contrast agents during oral cholecystography as measured by computed tomography in dogs.

Nine healthy mongrel dogs were given 2 consecutive doses of 1 of 3 cholecystographic contrast agents (iopanoic acid, sodium ipodate, and sodium tyropanoate), followed by daily computed tomograms (CT) and abdominal radiographs in a randomized crossover study in order to determine: (a) the maximum time for excretion of the contrast material from the gallbladder, (b) the maximum time for elimination of contrast material from the blood, and (c) the correlation between the density of the gallbladder on CT and the actual concentration of iodine in the gallbladder bile. In all 9 animals gallbladder opacification disappeared on CT within 4 days after administration of the contrast material. Plain abdominal radiographs did not show gallbladder opacification after 2 1/2 days. Daily blood iodine measurements showed that all of the contrast material was cleared from the blood within 7 days after administration. In 7 dogs CT imaging of the gallbladder was followed by percutaneous aspiration of bile from the gallbladder using CT guidance. There was a direct linear correlation between the actual concentration of iodine in the bile and the density of the gallbladder on CT (r = 0.925). This suggests that CT measurements can be used to determine the concentration of contrast agents in the gallbladder during oral cholecystography.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Cholecystokinetic cholecystography.

A prospective clinical trial of 100 patients receiving either intramuscular ceruletide or a fatty meal to contract the gallbladder after oral cholecystography is described. The percentage reduction of the gallbladder area after 30 min of stimulation was not significantly greater with ceruletide (49%) than with a fatty meal (44%) (t-test: p greater than 0.3). Ceruletide caused significantly more adverse reactions than a fatty meal (Fisher test, p less than 0.01). The diagnostic value of routine cholecystokinetic stimulation is doubtful, since the diagnosis changed after the contraction in only 1 patient.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1976

Five-hour reinforcement cholecystography.

Pathologic diagnoses were reviewed in 115 patients in whom gallbladder disease was diagnosed radiogically based on nonopacification with the calcium ipodate rapid reinforcement technique. In all instances, the gallbladder was diseased. Therefore, the rapid reinforcement technique is valid and considerably reduces the time necessary to complete reinforcement cholecystography. Because the time required in only 5 h, increased convenience and decreased cost may be realized without compromising diagnostic accurracy.

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1978

An evaluation of plain roentgenograms prior to oral cholecystography in children.

Plain roentgenograms were taken prior to oral cholecystography in 100 children. Three children had their gallstones obscured by the oral cholecystographic agent. Consideration should be given to obtaining plain roentgenograms in children with a strong clinical suspicion of gallbladder disease and a normal oral cholecystogram.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Fractionated dose cholecystography: a comparison between iopanoic acid and sodium ipodate.

Two randomised groups of 100 subjects each, undergoing oral cholecystography, were given either a 6 g fractionated dose of iopanoic acid (Telepaque) or sodium ipodate (Biloptin) to determine the relative merits of this dose schedule. Exclusions to the study were pregnancy and iodine sensitivity. Calculi or abnormal gallbladder opacification were present in 45% of subjects. Both agents were equally effective in demonstrating abnormalities, although bile duct visualisation was better using iopanoic acid (P less than 0.05). Of 46 subjects with abnormal cholecystograms subsequently undergoing surgery, all had the diagnosis confirmed. Side effects occurred in 63% of all subjects, being twice as common in those taking iopanoic acid (P less than 0.01). Sodium ipodate in a large fractionated dose is favoured because of the lower occurrence of side effects without loss of diagnostic accuracy.

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of accuracy of 99mTc-pyridoxylidene glutamate scanning with oral cholecystography and ultrasonography in diagnosis of acute cholecystitis.

A prospective study of 116 patients admitted as emergencies with a clinical diagnosis of acute cholecystitis or biliary colic has shown that the best investigation for confirming a diagnosis of acute cholecystitis is 99mTc-pyridoxylidene glutamate (PG) scanning. Its sensitivity is 99% and its specificity 86%, whereas those of oral cholecystography are 75% and 82%, respectively, and those of ultrasonography are 54% and 62%, respectively. However, estimation of plasma liver enzymes is essential to exclude acute hepatitis before proceeding to early cholecystectomy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Should cholecystography or ultrasound be the primary investigation for gallbladder disease?

The conclusions drawn from a prospective survey of 500 patients examined by cholecystography (OCG) and ultrasound (UCG) are presented. First, both procedures were found to be highly accurate in detecting calculi, with false-negative rates of 1%. Secondly, if OCG is abandoned in favour of UCG, most acalculous adenomyomatosis (and many polyps) will not be diagnosed. If acalculous as well as calculous disease is regarded as clinically important, fluoroscopic OCG is the examination of choice. However, if a clinician wishes solely to find or exclude stones the investigations are equally accurate. Thirdly, since some calculi and some acalculous disease will be missed by either technique, serious consideration should be given to the further investigation of all gallbladders considered normal by either examination. A protocol is described which, though unorthodox, enables a decision on the status of the gallbladder to be made on a single visit to the radiology department.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Discrepancies between cholecystography and ultrasonography in the detection of recurrent gallstones.

As part of the British Gallstone Study Group's multi-centre post-dissolution trial of different treatment regimes designed to prevent recurrence after complete gallstone dissolution, the frequency of concordance and discordance between oral cholecystography (OCG) and ultrasonography (U/S), and between repeat U/S studies, in diagnosing recurrent stones was recorded. Before entering the trial, all patients had had complete gallstone dissolution, confirmed by 2 normal OCGs 3 months apart during continued bile acid treatment; and all but three had also had at least 1 normal U/S examination of the gallbladder. During 6-24 months follow-up, from a total of 129 U/S examinations, gallstone recurrence was detected on 25 occasions (19 definite and 6 probable) in 14 patients, and from a total of 71 OCGs, recurrent stones were detected on 11 occasions in 10 patients. All the presumed recurrences developed in the absence of symptoms. On 67 occasions, the OCG and U/S studies were performed within 8 weeks of each other and of these, there was discordance in 15 (22%). On 11 occasions (6 patients), ultrasound suggested recurrent stones despite a normal OCG whilst on 4 occasions (4 patients) stones diagnosed on OCG were not confirmed by ultrasound. Of the 25 instances of U/S recurrence, a further U/S examination was performed on 17 occasions in 11 patients which failed to confirm the initial findings on 8 occasions (7 patients). After 1 year's follow-up, the predicted recurrence rates (pooled data from all 3 treatment groups), as calculated by life table analysis, were 29.3 +/- 7.1%, when the diagnosis was based on 1 U/S; 15.4 +/- 5.8% on 1 OCG; 14.9 +/- 5.6% on 2 successive U/S studies, and 8.1 +/- 4.5% on 1 U/S plus 1 OCG. At 24 months, the corresponding values were 37.2 +/- 8.3, 31.5 +/- 8.6, 18.3 +/- 6.3, and 22.4 +/- 8.6%. These results show that following complete gallstone dissolution by bile acid treatment, there is both intra- and inter-technique variation in the detection of recurrent stones.

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1980

Cholecystokinin cholecystography in the diagnosis of gallbladder disease.

Twenty-six patients who had typical symptoms of biliary tract disease, e.g. postprandial right upper quadrant pain, nausea and vomiting, fatty food intolerance and flatulence and who had had two or more normal oral cholecystograms were subjected to cholecytokinin cholescystography. Ten patients showed a normal response to the intravenous administration of cholecystokinin, namely prompt and complete emptying of the gallbladder without producing any adverse reaction or symptoms. Sixteen patients demonstrated either no contraction or incomplete contraction of the gallbladder in response to cholecystokinin; several patients had moderate contraction of the gallbladder accompanied by symptoms of biliary colic. This latter group underwent cholecystectomy and operative cholangiography. Fifteen of the 16 patients are asymptomatic or improved, and only one patient continues to have symptoms. All removed gallbladders had histologic evidence of chronic cholecystitis. It is concluded that in some individuals with continuing symptoms suggesting gallbladder disease but normal oral cholecystograms, cholecystokinin cholecystography may be helpful in identifying physiologic dysfunction of the gallbladder.

Adult↗