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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias after CAST.

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this article is to review the management of ventricular arrythmias in the light of the unfavourable results reported in the Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST). STUDY SELECTION, DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: CAST tested the hypothesis that suppression of ventricular arrhythmias recorded on a Holter monitor in patients with myocardial infarction would lead to a decrease in subsequent mortality, presumably by preventing sudden death. In the trial, patients with a myocardial infarction which occurred six days to two years previously and with asymptomatic ventricular premature beats which could be suppressed by one of the antiarrhythmic agents flecainide, encainide or moricizine, were randomised to treatment with one of these agents or placebo. Over a mean follow-up period of 10 months, mortality was significantly higher in those patients receiving flecainide or encainide than in those receiving placebo. On the recommendation of the Data and Safety Monitoring Board the trial in these groups was terminated. More recently CAST II in which moricizine was compared to placebo was also terminated, again because of a higher mortality in the patients receiving active treatment. It is likely that much of the excess mortality can be attributed to proarrhythmic effects of the agents. CONCLUSION: Current management of ventricular arrhythmias are considered in the light of these findings. CAST suggests that specific treatment should be dictated by the presence of associated symptoms and as much by associated structural heart disease as the arrhythmia per se. In particular, specific treatment of ventricular premature beats alone should be avoided. In those with potentially lethal ventricular arrhythmias, referral for appropriate investigation and consideration of non-pharmacological measures is necessary.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents↗
PubMed1997

Genetic structure of Rajaka caste and affinities with other caste populations of Andhra Pradesh, India.

The present study gives an account of the genetic structure in terms of distribution of a few genetic markers, viz., A1A2B0, Rh(D), G6PD deficiency and haemoglobin among the Rajaka caste population of Andhra Pradesh, India. The genetic relationships of the Rajaka caste with other Andhra caste populations were investigated in terms of genetic distance, i.e., Sq B (mn) of Balakrishnan and Sanghvi. Relatively lesser distance was established between the Rajaka and two Panchama castes. Also, the pattern of genetic distance corroborates the hierarchical order of the Hindu varna system.

Alleles↗
PubMed1992

Dimensional accuracy of small gold alloy castings. Part 4. The casting ring and ring liners.

The role of the casting ring and its asbestos liner is discussed. Asbestos as a liner has now largely been replaced by two alternative materials, one based on cellulose and the other on ceramic fibres. The limited literature on the effect of these newer materials on casting accuracy is also reviewed as their introduction may require significant changes in the traditional technology of dental casting.

Dental Casting Investment↗
PubMed2003

Cast adrift: Gortex cast liners allow greater patient activity.

Extremity fractures are a common injury, with nearly 1.5 million cases reported in the United States in 1998. Treatment often involves lengthy periods of immobilization. This report outlines the use of a Gortex cast liner by a subject who was able to engage in swimming and scuba diving during the healing process. We report that a Gortex cast liner may be considered for an active patient who is keen to return to limited activities during fracture healing. Apparently because of a lack of knowledge of their existence, physicians currently are underutilizing this method of casting in active patients. The use of Gortex liners elsewhere has been reported to have higher patient and physician satisfaction in both use and performance, with no reported detrimental effects on outcome.

Accidents↗
PubMed1999

Total contact casts and removable cast walkers. Mitigation of plantar heel pressure.

The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of various modalities to reduce pressure in the plantar heel. Twenty-five patients with grade 1A plantar foot ulcerations were evaluated; a repeat measures design comparing plantar pressure was used to evaluate the total contact cast, the Aircast pneumatic walker, the DH pressure relief walker, and depth-inlay shoes. The total contact cast reduced pressure significantly better than the other modalities; however, its pressure reduction was only 33% less than a baseline sneaker. All other modalities reduced significantly more pressure than the depth-inlay shoe. The DH walker had a significantly lower pressure-time integral than other modalities. These data indicate that, while the total contact cast appears to be effective compared with other modalities, the role that limitation of transverse motion of the fat pad on compression at heel strike has yet to be fully explained.

Casts, Surgical↗
PubMed2000

[Mechanical behavior of the cement layer of a cast crown--effect of the mechanical properties of casting alloy].

Experimental crowns with uniform thickness at their axial surfaces were made of dental casting gold-silver-palladium alloy (12% gold) and dental casting gold alloy (Type IV). They were cemented on model teeth for abutment and their deformations under applied loads were measured with strain gages. The effect of axial metal thickness on the crown's rigidity and the cement fracture strength were examined. Among the structures of cemented crowns and abutment teeth, that of the axial metal thickness of 0.3 mm had cement failure at the smallest loads. As the metal thickness was increased, the crown's deformation decreased and the cement failure load increased. For a thickness greater than 0.7 mm, however, the increase in failure load was not obvious. The difference of the casting alloy had no significant effect on the cement fracture. Accordingly, the rigidity of dental prostheses should be one of the most important design factors for preventing failure under occlusal load, and it is recommended that the thickness of the axial surface should be more than 0.7 mm.

Dental Alloys↗
PubMed1987

Lindau plaster cast insert--contribution concerning the primarily closed, unpadded plaster cast.

An inflatable synthetic insert made of ethylene vinyl acetate is presented which prevents posttraumatic air supply and innervation disturbances caused by compression when applying a primarily closed, unpadded plaster cast. The insert, consisting of thin ethylene vinyl acetate, is flexible enough to adapt itself without difficulties to any portion of an extremity. The foil insert is manufactured in different lengths, so that it can be applied both for the upper and the lower extremities. A reliable fixation of the fractured extremity can be guaranteed for weeks and months by the possibility of modifying the interior pressure of the insert within the primarily unpadded, closed plaster cast. Possible contact eczemas resulting from intolerability of synthetic foils are safely avoided by putting a cellulose or Vienna cotton strip between skin and foil insert.

Casts, Surgical↗
PubMed1991

The effect of bead attachment systems on casting patterns and resultant tensile bond strength of composite resin veneer cast restorations.

This study compared the difference in tensile bond strength between the composite resin veneer and the cast Ni-Cr disk when different bead adhesives were used to make the laboratory patterns. Visio-Gem, cyanoacrylate, and shellac were the adhesives tested. Fifty-six composite resin bonded Ni-Cr disks were prepared and tested to tensile failure with the Kemper-Kilian device. All tested samples showed a complex failure pattern. The results showed that the mean tensile bond strength of the cyanoacrylate group was significantly higher than the other two groups. No significant difference in the mean tensile bond strength was observed between the Visio-Gem and shellac groups. The higher tensile bond strength in the cyanoacrylate group is thought to be attributed to the low rheological property of the adhesive that allowed greater exposure of the bead for retention. Using different adhesives in the fabrication of composite resin veneered-castings may affect the bond strength in the composite resin-metal interface.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1994

Combination stone and resilient material for removable partial denture remount cast described and compared with two other remount cast procedures.

A procedure for making a combination remount cast of stone and elastomeric material for removable partial dentures is described in detail and is compared quantitatively with two other methods for making remount casts for removable partial dentures. This method does not require blocking out the undercuts in the denture base or around the clasps.

Calcium Sulfate↗
PubMed1975

Changes in the composition of a nickel-base partial denture casting alloy upon fusion and casting.

Three series of tensile test pieces were produced using a nickel-base partial denture casting alloy. For the first series induction heating was employed for melting the alloy, for the second a resistance crucible, and for the third an oxy-acetylene torch. In each series the same metal was cast sequentially five times, following which samples of the alloy were subjected to a ten element quantitative analysis to ascertain compositional changes associated with the three methods of fusion.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1984

Effects of casting temperature on some properties of Co-Cr-Mo dental casting alloys.

The castability of three Co-Cr-Mo-C alloys, taken as the percentage of a grid pattern that was filled by metal, increased almost linearly from less than 10% to nearly 100% when the casting temperature was increased by 150 degrees C. The surface finish became poor only at the highest applied casting temperature (1635 degrees C). The ductility was significantly reduced by increasing the volume fraction of eutectic hard particles containing carbides. These particles cracked in a direction vertical to the stress in tensile tests, initiating a brittle failure. They also affected the work-hardening rate, and their volume fraction increased with the content of C and Cr.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1999

Hybrid casts: a comparison of different casting materials.

Casting and splinting materials used in orthopedics have historically consisted of plaster of Paris and, more recently, fiberglass. Plaster is cost-effective and malleable enough to help to hold reductions. Fiberglass is stronger and lighter, but more expensive. The hybrid cast of plaster and fiberglass optimizes the advantages of both materials in fracture management; it is sufficiently strong, yet still cost-effective.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗