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PubMed2003

Issues and strategies for faculty development in technology and biomedical informatics.

Biomedical informatics and technology are becoming important components of dental education. The tools and techniques now available have the potential for significant impact on teaching and research by improving the way information is acquired, stored, retrieved, and managed. However, a gap exists between those who create, introduce, or implement the technology applications and the faculty in dental schools faced with the challenge of using it. For technology and informatics to thrive in the areas of didactic teaching, clinical teaching, and clinical practice, more than a select few must understand the potential applications. This paper provides an overview of the issues and strategies involved with faculty development for the use of technology in the educational setting. The discussion covers important reasons for developing faculty competence in technology applications, significant barriers to faculty development in this area, and several strategies designed to overcome these barriers.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The evolution of biomedical equipment technology.

This feature article presents an overview of how the biomedical equipment technology field developed. It begins with some of the early medical equipment breakthroughs, such as the discovery of X rays. The article then traces the key role of the military in electronic technology design, leading to the concept of specially trained individuals to maintain medical equipment. The Technical Education Research Center is discussed, along with the evolution of BMET schools. Formal BMET education had a strong advocate in Ralph Nader, whose concerns about electrical safety in hospitals supported the need for trained technicians to test medical equipment. BMET certification, BMET careers, and Clinical Engineering are discussed. The article concludes with some speculation on healthcare reform and its possible effect on the biomedical equipment profession.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1988

Videodisc technology and biomedical communications.

The union of microcomputer with laser videodisc technology has led to the birth of interactive videodisc (IVD). The IVD hybrid is more than merely the sum of its parts; IVD has become a powerful, flexible and unique instructional tool in its own right. This article describes the IVD medium, one approach to classifying its use, and two applications of this technology to biomedical communications.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1986

Advances in biomedical sensor technology: a review of the 1985 patent literature.

The 1985 patent literature pertaining to biomedical sensor technology is reviewed and an assessment made of the types of devices that are most likely to reach commercialisation. Novel systems that are described comprise electrochemical, optical, thermal and other transducers for monitoring key components of clinical samples. These include blood gases and electrolytes, metabolites, enzymes, proteins, antibodies and antigens.

Biotechnology↗
PubMed1998

Ideology and technology: the social context of procreative technology.

Biomedical practices and research in procreation are shaped by three ideologies deeply rooted in American society: patriarchy with its control of women's bodies in the interest of men's procreative concerns and with its focus on 'seeds' and therefore genetics; technology as an ideology of efficiency, productivity, rationality, and control; and capitalism both as an ideology and as a practice, a mechanism that markets technologies of procreation.

Female↗
PubMed1997

Biomedical information technology: medicine and health care in the digital future.

Advancements in medicine and health care are being significantly influenced by the exploding information technology developments. The IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine will address the applications and the infrastructure innovations that would harness biomedical and health care programs in the 21st century.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed2002

[Micro-fabrication technology in biomedical applications].

In this paper we briefly introduce some microdevices which have been developed recently for biomedical applications by micro-fabrication technology. These applications mainly include areas of diagnostics, drug delivery, tissue engineering and minimally-invasive surgery.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Optical coherence tomography: an emerging technology for biomedical imaging and optical biopsy.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging technology for performing high-resolution cross-sectional imaging. OCT is analogous to ultrasound imaging, except that it uses light instead of sound. OCT can provide cross-sectional images of tissue structure on the micron scale in situ and in real time. Using OCT in combination with catheters and endoscopes enables high-resolution intraluminal imaging of organ systems. OCT can function as a type of optical biopsy and is a powerful imaging technology for medical diagnostics because unlike conventional histopathology which requires removal of a tissue specimen and processing for microscopic examination, OCT can provide images of tissue in situ and in real time. OCT can be used where standard excisional biopsy is hazardous or impossible, to reduce sampling errors associated with excisional biopsy, and to guide interventional procedures. In this paper, we review OCT technology and describe its potential biomedical and clinical applications.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Information technology applications in biomedical functional imaging.

In parallel with rapid advances in computer technology, biomedical functional imaging is having an ever-increasing impact on healthcare. Functional imaging allows us to see dynamic processes quantitatively in the living human body. However, as we need to deal with four-dimensional time-varying images, space requirements and computational complexity are extremely high. This makes information management, processing, and communication difficult. Using the minimum amount of data to represent the required information, developing fast algorithms to process the data, organizing the data in such a way as to facilitate information management, and extracting the maximum amount of useful information from the recorded data have become important research tasks in biomedical information technology. For the last ten years, the Biomedical and Multimedia Information Technology (BMIT) Group and, recently, the Center for Multimedia Signal Processing have conducted systematic studies on these topics. Some of the results relating to functional imaging data acquisition, compression, storage, management, processing, modeling, and simulation are briefly reported in this paper.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2000

[Plasma technology for biomedical material applications].

In this paper is introduced the plasma technology for the applications of several species biomaterial such as ophthalmological material, drug delivery system, tissue culture material, blood anticoagulant material as well as plasma surface clearing and plasma sterilization, and so on.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Technology assessment and biomedical engineering education.

Technology assessment is research that is intended to help decisionmakers deal with the development, acquisition and utilisation of healthcare technologies. Healthcare professionals now recognise the need for assessment information in decisionmaking. Among these professionals are biomedical and clinical engineers who need to manage technology assessment activities and use assessment information appropriately. It is imperative therefore that proper educational programmes be developed to prepare engineers for a broader role in healthcare. The paper elaborates on aspects of technology assessment and the need for training of engineers in specific concepts and principles.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed2004

[Social consensus on medical technology policy: ethical issues and citizen participation].

Social consensus is considered to be a necessary condition for a policy to be introduced and implemented effectively. This is the case with the approval, regulation and prohibition of certain advanced medical research and technology, especially when they could invoke moral disputes in society. Public policies on organ transplantation, definition of death, euthanasia, genetic screening and diagnosis, and human stem cell research are recent examples. The concept of consensus, however, is elusive, along with the measures to secure it. Technocratic decision making, as a paternalistic activity frequently led by experts, sometimes poses a challenge to democratic decision making, supposedly based on a well-informed and rational public. It also remains to be proved whether public involvement in policymaking can be a solution to ethical value conflicts in society. From the perspective of policy sciences, this paper first introduces the concept of consensus, especially consensus on moral issues in pluralistic societies, and its implications to public policy, including citizen participation in decision making. Then, it briefly explains the historical background with which social consensus and public involvement have increasingly flourished in the field of technology assessments and technology policy making, including biomedical technology. Next, major institutions, governmental and nongovernmental, involved in the ethical aspects of medical research and technology, are presented along with their efforts for citizen participation. Finally, the paper discusses some of the future agendas on this issue.

Bioethics↗
PubMed2003

Cell microencapsulation technology for biomedical purposes: novel insights and challenges.

The aim of cell microencapsulation technology is to treat multiple diseases in the absence of immunosuppression. Using this technique, cells are immobilized within carefully designed capsules that allow the long-term function of the graft. Although the potential impact of this field is likely to be wide-ranging, the past few years have seen several 'firsts' that have brought the whole technology much closer to a realistic clinical application.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Tissue regeneration based on tissue engineering technology.

Recent development of biomedical engineering as well as basic biology and medicine has enabled us to induce cell-based regeneration of body tissue to self-repair defective tissue or substitute biological functions of damaged organs. For successful tissue regeneration, it is indispensable to give cells an environment suitable for regeneration induction. Tissue engineering is a newly emerging biomedical technology for creating an environment for tissue regeneration with various biomaterials. The paper presented here overviews recent research data on tissue regeneration based on tissue engineering, and briefly explains the key technology of tissue engineering.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2000

Ethical considerations for biomedical scientists and engineers: issues for the rank and file.

Biomedical science and engineering is inextricably linked with the fields of medicine and surgery. Yet, while physicians and surgeons, nurses, and other medical professionals receive instruction in ethics during their training and must abide by certain codes of ethics during their practice, those engaged in biomedical science and engineering typically receive no formal training in ethics. In fact, the little contact that many biomedical science and engineering professionals have with ethics occurs either when they participate in government-funded research or submit articles for publication in certain journals. Thus, there is a need for biomedical scientists and engineers as a group to become more aware of ethics. Moreover, recent advances in biomedical technology and the ever-increasing use of new devices virtually guarantee that biomedical science and engineering will become even more important in the future. Although they are rarely in direct contact with patients, biomedical scientists and engineers must become aware of ethics in order to be able to deal with the complex ethical issues that arise from our society's increasing reliance on biomedical technology. In this brief communication, the need for ethical awareness among workers in biomedical science and engineering is discussed in terms of certain conflicts that arise in the workaday world of the biomedical scientist in a complex, modern society. It is also recognized that inasmuch as workers in the many branches of bioengineering are not regulated like their counterparts in medicine and surgery, perhaps academic institutions and professional societies are best equipped to heighten ethical awareness among workers in this important field.

Authorship↗