Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Temporal Bone”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Intraoperative cone-beam CT for guidance of temporal bone surgery.

OBJECTIVES: To describe our preclinical experience with Cone Beam CT (CBCT) in image-guided surgery of the temporal bone. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS: A mobile isocentric C-arm (PowerMobil, Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany) modified to include a flat-panel detector (Varian Imaging Products, Palo Alto, CA) and a motorized orbit was developed to acquire multiple projections in rotation about a subject. Initial experiments imaging steel wire in air were used to investigate the system's spatial resolution in 3D image reconstruction. Subsequently temporal bone dissection was performed on five cadaver heads using the modified C-arm as an image guidance system. RESULTS: We obtained a spatial resolution of 0.85 mm. The image acquisition time was 120 seconds and the radiation dose approximately one-tenth of a conventional CT scan. CONCLUSION: CBCT provided submillimeter accuracy at high speed with low radiation dosage to offer utility as an intraoperative imaging system. SIGNIFICANCE: CBCT offers technology that approximates "near-real-time" image guidance. EBM RATING: C-4.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1991

[Aneurysmal temporal bone cyst. Apropos of 2 new cases].

Aneurysmal bone cyst is a well known lesion on the metaphyse of lung tubular bones or on the spine. Unusually, it is detected on the skull and more rarely again on the temporal bone. The authors, talking about the eleven cases they have found in the literature and two recent personal cases, try to describe the main diagnostic dates of this temporal lesion which one has never known if it is a real tumor or a reactional dystrophic pseudotumor secondary to an intrabone circulatory incident, perhaps a phlebitis. As for all other locations, these temporal bone forms are more frequently encountered among adolescents or young adults and, because their blowing bone effect, give clinical signs which directly result from their aggressive behavior on the surrounding structures, in this particular location: temporal fossa swelling, otologic, ophthalmologic or stomatologic symptoms, facial or trigeminal nerves troubles and rarely central neurological signs. On CT-scan, it appears as a space-occupying lesion located in the temporal fossa, with a blowing bone aspect, with intracranial and infratemporal expansions. This CT scan lesion is heterogeneous and contrast enhanced except in its center which is hypodense, as a cyst. The MRI shows comparable pictures. Its total excision, made easier by a preoperative embolization, gives a total and definitive recovery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Temporal bone pathology of a patient without hearing and caloric reaction, and with counter-rolling after chronic myelocytic leukemia.

The temporal bone pathology of a 36-year-old man who suffered from chronic myelocytic leukemia and sudden hearing loss of both ears, was studied from the viewpoint of neurotology. Neurotological examination showed bilaterally profound hearing loss and no caloric reaction but good counter-rolling reaction to the right and the left head tilt and no other abnormal neurological findings. He died of intracranial hemorrhage. A study of histopathology of the temporal bones revealed extensive destruction of the organ of Corti, dilatation of Reissner's membrane, leukemic infiltration in the cochlea but good preservation of sensory hair cells in the vestibular endorgans. Leukemic cell infiltration in perilymphatic and endolymphatic spaces, and leukemic hemorrhage in the perilymphatic spaces were observed. And also in the left internal auditory canal, obvious leukemic infiltration and marked hemorrhage were observed, but in the right internal auditory canal, no abnormal change was found. We discuss the correlation between neurotological findings and histopathological findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Transmastoid infralabyrinthine approach to petrous temporal bone.

The most direct approach to the anterior and inferior regions of the petrous temporal bone skull base is transmastoid infralabyrinthine. This approach provides an exposure for draining and aerating cholesterol granulomas or obtaining tissue for micropathologic diagnosis. It obviates the exposure of the intracranial space, thereby producing minimal care, as in mastoid-type surgical procedures. The procedure is described and illustrated. Two cases with petrous temporal bone cholesterol granulomas demonstrate the definitive effectiveness of this procedure.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Chemodectoma of the temporal bone: a comparison of surgical and radiotherapeutic results.

Between January 1950 and December 1981, 32 patients with chemodectomas of the temporal bone were treated at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. Thirteen patients were treated with surgery alone, 15 with radiation therapy alone, one with preoperative radiation therapy and surgery, and three with surgery and postoperative radiation therapy. In general, the patients treated with radiotherapy alone or combined therapy (radiotherapy group) had more advanced tumors than those treated with surgery alone (surgery group). For the surgery group, the initial local control rate was 46% and the ultimate local control rate 84% following salvage with additional surgery, 31% developed complications, and 78% survived 10 years. For the radiotherapy group, 84% had local tumor control, 11% developed complications, and 77% survived 10 years. These results demonstrate that radiation therapy is an effective treatment modality for chemodectomas of the temporal bone.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Malignancy of the temporal bone and external auditory canal.

A retrospective study of 18 patients with malignant tumors of the external auditory canal and temporal bone was undertaken to gain an Asian perspective of this rare disease. Of these patients, 15 (83%) had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 61% had stage T3 tumors at presentation. The mean age was 56 years (range 38-82 years). Seven (39%) of the 18 patients had radiation-associated tumors (RATs), and all had undergone radiotherapy for treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The 1-year cumulative recurrence for the RAT group was 100%, but there was no recurrence in the non-RAT group (P = 0.001). In malignancies of the external auditory canal and temporal bone, a different classification and staging system for patients with RATs may be warranted to better guide treatment strategies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Giant cell reparative granuloma in temporal bone--report of a case].

Giant cell reparative granuloma has been described mainly involving the mandible and is very uncommon in the temporal bone. It is not a true neoplasm, but actually represents a local reparative reaction to hemorrhage, usually following trauma. The treatment of choice is surgical curettage of the lesion. The prognosis is usually good. Radiation therapy with small dose may be considered if the lesion is not amenable to surgical approach. This paper describe a giant cell reparative Granuloma which occurred in the temporal bone of a 41 year-old man. The patient accepted surgical treatment in 1983 but the granuloma subsequently recurred in 1986. The radiation therapy was then given approximately 5000 rads. No sign of recurrence has been found up to the time of this writing.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Diagnosis of temporal bone paraganglioma].

On the basis of 7 cases of temporal bone paraganglioma diagnosis of this tumor is presented. Apart from aural symptoms cranial nerves palsy may appear. Computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and subtraction angiography are essential investigations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Application of unbiased stereology on archival human temporal bone.

OBJECTIVE: The current report presents unbiased stereological sampling and counting strategies for estimating the total number of neurons in the spiral and vestibular ganglia of the archival human temporal bone. STUDY DESIGN: Application of unbiased stereology using archival human temporal specimens. Observational study. METHODS: The practical sampling and counting strategies for estimating the number of neurons are presented. To illustrate the method described, the total number of neurons in spiral and vestibular ganglia from archival human temporal bone was estimated. RESULTS: The study found, on average, 41,643 (coefficient of variation = 0.12) spiral ganglion neurons in the subjects with an average age of 35.6 years (age range, 22-60 y) and, on average, 27,635 (coefficient of variation = 0.10) vestibular ganglion neurons in the subjects with an average age of 28.6 years (age range, 2-58 y). CONCLUSIONS: The total number of primary auditory and vestibular ganglion neurons from the current study differs significantly from the previously published data using assumption-based methods. The unbiased stereological technique presented in the current report thus would be invaluable for future studies on such specimens, including the study of the changes of neurons during aging and various pathological conditions.

Cell Count↗
PubMed2001

Ossifying fibroma of the temporal bone.

A rare case of ossifying fibroma of the temporal bone is presented. Fibro-osseous lesions are benign neoplasms but may show an aggressive behaviour when invading important anatomical structures. The lack of experience in the treatment of those tumours is reflected in the small relative literature. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the few cases already reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Temporal bone encephalocele and cerebrospinal fluid leaks.

Nineteen cases of temporal bone brain herniation and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in 17 adult patients since 1987 are reviewed. Of these 19 cases, 11 were spontaneous CSF leaks, 6 were related to chronic otitis media, and 2 were posttraumatic. Among the 10 women and 7 men, the average age was 51.2 years, with average follow-up time of 2 years, 7 months. Two cases were repaired by a middle fossa craniotomy approach, 1 case by a transmastoid approach, and 16 by a combined transmastoid and middle fossa approach. Ten cases utilized the preferred technique of fascia-bone-fascia to repair the defects. The diagnosis was made on clinical grounds in 18 of the 19 cases, with ancillary diagnostic test providing little useful information. There were no postoperative surgery-related complications, and definitive repair was accomplished in one stage in all cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Temporal bone fractures inducing facial nerve paralysis: a new classification and its clinical significance.

Based on the analysis of the operative findings in 97 temporal bone fractures with respect to location, site of injury to the facial nerve and associated damage, we propose a new classification of the temporal bone fracture, using types 1, 2, 3 and 4, as previously described. Three-dimensional helical CT is valuable for assessment of fracture type. The incidence of each fracture type and the site of the injury to the facial nerve are described and the surgical significance of the classification is discussed.

Facial Paralysis↗
PubMed1985

Sclerotic changes around the endolymphatic sac in human temporal bones.

We used light microscopy to study 87 human temporal bones (from 47 cases) with no known otological disorders, and found that certain cases had sclerotic changes around the endolymphatic duct and sac. Changes included fibrosis, hyalinization, psammoma formation, and thickened vascular walls. The findings were subjected to statistical analysis, which indicated that most of the changes could be positively correlated with increases in age.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Volume-pressure properties of round and oval windows. A quantitative study on human temporal bone.

A model study was carried out on human temporal bones to assess quantitatively the displacement of the round and oval windows when different pressure levels were applied to the external ear canal and inside the middle ear. It was found that the major displacements of the window membranes occurred in the pressure range of +/- 20 cm H2O in the intact middle ear. An additional increase in the middle ear pressure up to +/- 70 cm H2O caused a minor displacement of the window membranes.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Conventional roentgen diagnosis of the temporal bone. A historical review].

The Viennese Medical School played an important role in the development of radiological examinations and signs of the temporal bone with conventional X-rays. Famous pioneers include E.G. Mayer (1893-1969) and L. Psenner (1910-1986). Nowadays conventional X-rays and tomography have lost their important role in diagnostic radiology of the temporal bone, but the basic principles established in those early years of radiology are still used now. This statement is correct not only for conventional X-rays, but particularly for "poly"-tomography in comparison with CT.

Austria↗
PubMed1991

Sudden hearing loss due to AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis--a temporal bone study.

We have presented the clinical history and temporal bone findings in a patient who manifested sudden hearing loss, and who subsequently was found to have cryptococcal meningitis associated with AIDS. The histopathologic findings are similar to earlier reports in patients without AIDS. Because cryptococcal infection is so much more common in AIDS patients than in the general population, it must be considered a causative factor when presented with an AIDS patient with progressive or sudden hearing loss. This offers the patient a chance for timely and effective treatment.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗