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Results for “THORACIC DISEASES”

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At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Intrathoracic bleeding during video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy and segmentectomy].

We have reviewed our experience from January 2001 through January 2003 in 33 video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy and segmentectomy (VATS) in patients with cT1N0M0 lung cancer to look at intraoperative bleeding from pulmonary vessels. Intraoperative bleeding occurred in 15 cases, 45.5% of 33 VATS procedures, and 2 cases, 6.1% of VATS procedures converted to an open procedure. Intraoperative bleeding occurred more frequently in VATS segmentectomy than VATS lobectomy. Most of bleeding from pulmonary arteries and veins can be controlled by compression, and they can be controlled thoracoscopically by tie or suture through the utility thoracotomy. But, significant bleeding from pulmonary arteries, which can not be controlled with a mounted swab, it should be converted to an open procedure.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thorax: new millennium vascular imaging.

In recent years the technological development of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) has promoted new improvements in diagnosis by means of imaging. In particular the introduction of multislice CT and MR angiography (MRA) has broadened the non-invasive diagnostic possibilities in the vascular study of the thorax. The new technological developments of CT and MR enable functional studies as well. Recent studies have demonstrated that CT and MR are as accurate in finding the vascular anomalies as digital subtraction angiography, while they are more precise in recognising possible associated pathologies which modify therapeutic treatment (for example of the trachea, bronchi, oesophagus etc.). There are many vascular structures in the thorax which need to be considered (aorta, pulmonary and coronary arteries, pulmonary veins, vena cava). The field of associated pathologies is also broad, and includes congenital vascular anomalies, vascular malformations, aorta dissection, vascular compression syndromes, atherosclerotic stenosis or occlusions, and pulmonary embolism. In pulmonary embolism some authors have demonstrated the utility of CT, in showing pulmonary segmental perfusion defects, and MRA, in identifying sub-segment pulmonary embolism. In this paper we analyse the most important CT and MR applications for the study of vascular thoracic diseases and compare them with other diagnostic techniques. We also evaluate the morpho-functional capabilities of CT and MR in this field.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

The role of prophylactic cranial radiation in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer.

Patients with lung cancer face a substantial risk of developing brain metastases. Prophylactic cranial irradiation therapy has been demonstrated to significantly decrease the incidence of central nervous system metastasis and improve overall survival in patients with small-cell lung cancer. In non-small-cell lung cancer, the central nervous system is a common site of systemic failure and frequently represents the only focus of extra-thoracic disease. However, the role of prophylactic cranial irradiation in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer is less well defined. As treatment modalities improve and patients live longer their risk of developing central nervous system recurrence increases, and methods to prevent this demand exploration.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1992

Pediatric chest disease: evaluation by computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography.

The initial method for evaluating pediatric chest disease remains the plain chest roentgenogram. When more precise definition of chest disease is required, computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or ultrasonography (US) may be useful. In general, CT offers the widest spectrum of applicability. MRI is especially useful because no ionizing radiation is used and images can be acquired in multiple planes. MRI is most valuable when vascular anatomy needs to be defined or when tumor invasion of the spinal canal is suspected. US is helpful in evaluating diseases of the pleura and for characterizing and localizing pleural fluid and masses. US can differentiate normal thymus from other anterior mediastinal masses. Doppler techniques are valuable in evaluating suspected pulmonary sequestration and identifying the feeding vessel.

Child↗
PubMed2006

Transthoracic fine-needle aspiration vs concurrent core needle biopsy in diagnosis of intrathoracic lesions: a retrospective comparison of diagnostic accuracy.

To assess the value and limitations of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) in the diagnosis of intrathoracic lesions, we retrospectively compared the diagnostic accuracy of 362 FNA and concurrent CNB procedures performed on 350 patients. Based on the final diagnoses that were determined based on combined information from biopsy, resection, clinical, radiologic, and microbiologic findings, the study cases were grouped into 188 malignant, 161 benign, and 13 inconclusive lesions. FNA and CNB yielded similar diagnostic accuracy for malignant tumors (85.1% vs 86.7%) and epithelial malignant neoplasms (86.4% vs 85.2%), whereas CNB yielded better diagnostic accuracy (96%) than FNA (77%) for nonepithelial malignant neoplasms. Combined FNA and CNB substantially improved the rate of malignancy diagnosis (95.2%). Of 161 benign cases, 50 were proven to be benign-specific lesions; FNA provided specific diagnosis in 20 (40%) and CNB in 46 (92%). The remaining 111 benign lesions yielded benign-nonspecific findings on both specimens. These results indicate that CNB should be obtained when clinical or radiologic findings do not match the cytologic findings or nonepithelial lesions and benign lesions are considered likely.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Tuberculous abscess in the chest wall; report of a case].

A 72-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with left chest pain. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed an abscess in the left lateral chest wall. Bacterial examination of needle aspiration biopsy specimen from the chest wall abscess disclosed positive acid-fast bacilli. The size of chest wall abscess increased after initiation of antituberculous therapy with isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol hydrochloride and pyrazinamide, and therefore abscess drainage was subsequently performed. The lesion was resected after the abscess had diminished in size.

Abscess↗
PubMed2006

Surgically removed thoracolithiasis: report of two cases.

Thoracolithiasis is a rare condition with only 12 cases of surgically removed nodules reported in the literature. We report 2 additional cases. Case 1: A 19-year-old male admitted with an abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a nodule in the right lower lung lobe. The material extirpated by thoracoscopy was milky white, glossy, and 1.6 cm in diameter. Histopathologically, it consisted of fatty necrotic tissue covered with hyalinized fibrous tissue. Case 2: A 78-year-old female, with a past history of breast cancer, admitted with an abnormal shadow on chest X-ray. CT revealed a nodule in the left lung S(1+2) segment, of which transbronchial biopsy findings indicated primary lung adenocarcinoma. Exploratory thoracoscopy incidentally revealed some pearly material, 0.4 cm in diameter, in the thoracic cavity. They were extirpated during left upper lobectomy for lung cancer; all of them demonstrated concentric hyalinized fibrous tissue. Thoracic surgeons should consider this condition in the differential diagnosis of a peripheral pulmonary nodule.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A method of studying the absorbent phase of phagocytosis].

A method has been developed for examining phagocytosis, making use of the Soviet latex RFD-48. Optimal conditions of the procedure were specified, and results of measurements in normal subjects and patients and laboratory animals presented.

Absorption↗
PubMed1991

Pediatric chest imaging.

Several new therapies have resulted in marked improvement in morbidity and mortality rates for neonates with respiratory distress syndrome and related disorders. These therapies include the use of exogenous surfactant to treat existing surfactant deficiency in babies with respiratory distress syndrome. Follow-up of patients previously treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for diaphragmatic hernia has shown continued pulmonary function abnormalities despite this therapy. Follow-up studies have also shown significant neurologic abnormalities. New uses of ultrasonography include scanning of the larynx and airway for evaluating retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal infections and evaluating perithyroidal inflammation secondary to congenital fistulas in this region.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Chest.

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Diagnostic Imaging↗