Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Subcutaneous Emphysema”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Surgical robotic applications in otolaryngology.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the feasibility of performing endo-robotic neck surgery in a porcine model and to compare the results of robotically enhanced endoscopic surgery with those from a conventional endoscopic technique. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized experimental investigation in a porcine model. METHODS: We performed a consecutive series of endoscopic neck surgeries using the daVinci surgical system (Intuitive Surgical Inc.). The length of time required to establish the operative pocket and to assemble the robotic components, as well as the total duration of each operation, was recorded. The animals were continuously monitored for heart rate, blood pressure, and end-tidal CO(2) pressure, and evaluation for presence of pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema was undertaken postoperatively. The specimens were examined histologically. RESULTS: Four different types of neck surgery were successfully performed on both sides of the neck of four animals using the daVinci surgical system. Creation of the operative pocket took, on average (+/-SD), 18.1 +/- 11.9 minutes, and assembly of the robot required 12.5 +/- 9.9 minutes, resulting in a mean preparation time for all procedures of 30.6 +/- 21.0 minutes. The mean operative time for submandibular resection (n = 3) was 19.0 +/- 6.6 minutes, with a total procedure time of 39.0 +/- 10.2 minutes. Selective neck dissections (n = 3) required a mean operative time of 66.0 +/- 18.5 minutes and a total procedure time of 85.7 +/- 16.7 minutes. One partial parotidectomy and one thymectomy were also performed. The median estimated blood loss was 0 mL (range, 0-10 mL). The end-tidal CO(2) pressure fell from the start to the end of the procedures by a mean of 4.4 +/- 7.9 mm Hg. The blood pressure fell by a mean of 1.9 +/- 7.5 mm Hg. There was one case of modest subcutaneous emphysema, and there were no cases of pneumothorax or air embolism. No conversions to open resection were necessary. CONCLUSIONS: Robotically enhanced endoscopic surgery in the neck is feasible and offers a number of compelling advantages over conventional endoscopic neck surgery. Clinical trials will be necessary to determine whether these advantages can be achieved in clinical practice.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Systemic gas embolus: a discussion of its pathogenesis in the neonate, with a review of the literature.

We report, a term newborn infant with congenital vocal cord paralysis and congenital viral myocarditis. In her five days of life she developed a pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, subcutaneous emphysema, and terminally a pneumothorax and systemic air embolus. This unusual case is used to develop a concept of the pathogenesis of extraventilatory air, and is also represented in diagrammatic form.

Embolism, Air↗
PubMed2004

Pneumomediastinum after dilatation of anal stricture following stapled hemorrhoidopexy.

Stapling procedure is a new technique for the surgical management of prolapsing haemorrhoids. Some articles have reported severe adverse effects of this operation. We describe a case of an excessive staple-line stenosis followed stapled haemorrhoidopexy. Proctoscopic dilatation resulted in complications of retropneumoperitoneum, pneumomediastinum, subcutaneous emphysema and perianal abscess. Drainage of the abscess was performed, allowing quick recovery. After discharge from the hospital, the patient continued to perform periodic dilatation. Simple proctoscopic dilatation was conducted in an outpatient setting.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

Iatrogenic pneumomediastinum after endodontic therapy.

An unusual case of pneumomediastinum caused by subcutaneous emphysema occurring after the use of hydrogen peroxide solution during root canal treatment is described in a 30-year-old man. A thorough search of the available literature failed to reveal similar cases. A review of the literature, including pathogenesis, clinical and radiographic features, and management of this condition, is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Pneumorachis and pneumomediastinum caused by repeated Müller's maneuvers: complications of marijuana smoking.

Pneumomediastinum may occur during marijuana inhalation but only rarely has pneumorachis (epidural pneumatosis or aerorachia) been reported. The usual mechanisms that produce pneumomediastinum include severe acute asthma, toxic-induced bronchial hyperreactivity, and barotrauma caused by Valsalva's maneuver (expiration through resistance). We report a case in which barotrauma resulted from repeated deep inspiration through a device with airflow resistance equivalent to Müller's maneuver. Inspiration occurred through a homemade apparatus resembling a narrow outlet bong with 2 piled compartments. Pneumomediastinum combined with subcutaneous emphysema and pneumorachis occurred, without identified pneumothorax. There were no neurologic complications. Because of the absence of bronchospasm, expiration either through the apparatus or actively against a closed glottis, or apnea, this phenomenon is likely a result of repeated Müller's maneuvers. Successive inhalation through resistance could have resulted in extreme negative intrathoracic pressure, which would have caused a transmural pressure gradient inducing barotrauma and release of extrarespiratory air. High-concentration oxygen therapy to achieve nitrogen washout was used.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Cervicofacial and thoracic barotrauma following a minor dental procedure.

A case of cervicofacial subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum following a seemingly minor dental procedure is described. This dramatic but usually benign complication of dental work is rare and has not been reported in the pediatric emergency medicine literature. A brief review of this entity and an overview of diagnostic considerations and management are presented.

Air Pressure↗
PubMed1978

[Oesophageal perforations from instrumentation during high fibroscopy. Radiological signs (author's transl)].

The authors report on a survey of perforation following fibroscopy in the Hôpital Saint-Antoine. A total of 10,600 diagnostic examinations were reviewed and 5 perforations were recorded, to which must be added 2 perforations following oesophageal dilatation. A chesy X-ray, taken within 24 hours of the incident, showed, in most cases, the presence of air in the mediastinum with early signs of subcutaneous emphysema in the cervical or cervicothoracic regions. A hydro-pneumothorax in the right side of the chest was also observed in the cases studied, without air in the mediastinum. Oesophageal transit was studied by means of a water-soluble compound, and showed oesophageal effraction in only 4 cases, and in 3 of these cases it was possible to see the location of the orifice with precision.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Traumatic mediastinal emphysema.

The traumatic mediastinal emphysema occurs along with severe combined injuries. A typical feature is the subcutaneous emphysema as well as crackling sounds and frequently a pneumothorax. The radiography of the chest shows air in the mediastinum surrounding the mediastinal structures. The pleura drainage could be done as an emergency performance in cases of pneumothorax. In cases of an increasing subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema as well as circulatory failure a cervical mediastinotomy should be carried out. The tracheobronchial tree should be examined bronchoscopically for possible ruptures. Esophagus injuries will be detected by the distribution of a contrast fluid. Even a thoracotomy may be necessary.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1989

Iatrogenic retropharyngeal emphysema with impending airway obstruction.

The causes, diagnosis, sequelae, and treatment of interstitial emphysema of the face, neck, and thorax have been previously described in the medical and dental literature and are reviewed here. We present a unique case of a patient who, following dental amalgam restoration, developed severe retropharyngeal emphysema with impending airway obstruction, cervicofacial subcutaneous emphysema, and pneumomediastinum. Management consisted of urgent tracheotomy, broad-spectrum prophylactic antibiotic coverage, close observation, and reassurance. The likely mechanisms of precipitation and extension of the emphysema in this patient are discussed.

Adult↗