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[Influence of radioactive pollution on the character of the distribution of wild mouselike rodents according to the measure of lipid antioxidant activity in their organs].

The estimation of the degree of the radioactive contamination effect on the antioxidative status in tissues of rodents from natural populations is done by means of biometric methods. It is shown, that the character of distribution and variability of the lipids antioxidant activity (AOA) differs significantly depending of species and age of animals, the degree of contamination on areas where wild rodents were caught and time during which the radioactive factor affected. The change in character of the animals distribution in AOA of the brain lipids for the more radioresistant Clethrionomys glareolus Schreb, occurs the later than for the more radiosensitive Apodemus agrarius and especially for Microtus oeconomus Pall. The data obtained make possible to suppose, that the long-term effect of the low intensive ionizing radiation results the qualitative changes in the rodents natural populations state.

Age Factors↗

[Nuclear accidents and iodine prophylaxis. Part 1: Risks due to irradiation of the thyroid gland].

In the frame of the emergency procedures in the case of an accident in a nuclear plant, this paper presents a survey of the information available on the risks related to the irradiation of the thyroid gland. Attention is focused on thyroid cancer resulting from an exposure to radioactive isotopes of iodine and especially and iodine-131. The consequences of the medical exposures as well as of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki irradiations are recalled first. Then the recently available informations on the effects on the populations exposed after the Tchernobyl accident are analysed more in details. Ten years after the accident, the most striking and the least questionable effects is a significant increase of the incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer in children, in the areas most exposed to the initial radioactive clouds. Young children are particularly vulnerable to this type of cancer which is of aggressive nature and shows a short latency period. These observations justify an iodine prophylaxis for the populations living in the vicinity of nuclear plants. Special attention should be paid to the protection of young children.

Adolescent↗

Time-dependent radioactive concentrations of fallout following the Chernobyl reactor accident.

The levels of Chernobyl-derived 137Cs, 134Cs, 106Ru and 103Ru were measured at Thessaloniki, Greece, in air, rain, soil, grass and milk samples for more than 2 years after the accident. The data were analysed in conjunction with 7Be (produced in the atmosphere by cosmic rays) measurements and show that significant variations were observed, particularly in the spring and in the autumn measurements. In interpreting these variations we took into consideration the tropospheric, or possibly stratospheric, fallout injections into the atmosphere due to the Chernobyl accident, nuclear weapons testing or other releases from nuclear reactors operating world-wide. Useful information can be derived for determining the periodicity of global circulation of the fallout radionuclides.

Accidents↗