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PubMed2005

[Study on the association among total immunoglobulin E and eosinophil in nasal polyp].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression of total immunoglobulin E(IgE) and eosinophil in nasal polyp and their roles in the pathogenesis of nasal polyp. METHOD: Thirty eight patients with nasal polyp and 15 control cases were chosen. All samples were stained with Chromotrope 2R histochemical and SP immunohistochemical method separately to examine eosinophil and total IgE+ cells in nasal polyp. RESULT: (1) The level of total IgE and eosinophil in nasal polyp was all significantly higher than that in normal control specimens (P < 0.01). (2) The positive correlation of total IgE and eosinophil was significant (r = 0.843, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Nasal polyp is a disease characterized by eosinophils infiltration. Type I allergic reaction mediated by IgE assemble and activate eosinophils which may play an important role in the infiltration pathogenesis of nasal polyp.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[The protein expression difference of transforming growth factor beta1, matrix metalloproteinases 1,7,9 and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases-1 between chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps and normal mucosa tissues].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the expression difference of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1), matrix metalloproteinases1,7,9 (MMP-1,7,9 ) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) protein among the chronic rhinosinusitis tissues, nasal polyps tissues and normal nasal mucosa tissues. METHOD: The protein expression of TGF-beta1, MMP-1, MMP-7, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in chronic rhinosinusitis tissues from 22 patients, in nasal polyps tissues from 21 patients and in inferior turbinate tissues from 15 patients underwent nasal septum operation was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULT: (1) In chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps tissues, compared with controls, the expression of TGF-beta1, MMP-7, MMP-9, TIMP-1 protein was significant increased (P < 0.05); (2) The expression of TGF-beta1 and TIMP-1 in chronic rhinosinusitis tissues was significant increased versus that in nasal polyps tissues (P < 0.05); (3) Concentration of MMP-7 protein in nasal polyps tissues was found significant higher than that in chronic rhinosinusitis tissues (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Different TGF-beta1, MMP-7, TIMP-1 protein level in chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps tissues might be the molecular basis of the different histopathological character of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyp tissues.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Detection of Helicobacter pylori in nasal polyps specimens using urease test GUT plus].

In patients with nasal polyps the colonisation of nasal polyps tissues by Helicobacter pylori was investigated using urease test (GUT plus). In this prospective clinical trials we enrolled 61 subjects who had undergone endoscopic nasal polyps surgery and 30 subjects who had undergone septoplasty (control group) were questioned and biopsy specimens of the removed polyps or the mucosal part of inferior turbinate were tested by the urease test GUT plus. In result Helicobacter pylori was not found in the nasal polyps and mucosal part of inferior turbinate tissue of any of patients including the 43 of 61 patients with nasal polyps and 7 of 30 patients with septum deviation who had symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. In our study using the urease test GUT plus we were not able to confirm presence of Helicobacter pylori in the nasal polyps tissue. However, further epidemiologic studies using different diagnostic methods would be necessary to confirm presence of Helicobacter pylori as potential underlying pathogenetic mechanism of nasal polyposis.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[The significance of microvessel density and CD34 expression in nasal polyps].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathologic significance of microvessel density (MVD) and the expression of CD34 in human nasal polyps. METHOD: Using Elivision Plus immunohistochemistry method. Thirty cases of normal inferior turbinate, 60 cases of nasal polyps were stain with CD34. RESULT: MVD of CD34 marker showed higher in the group of nasal polyps than in the group of normal inferior turbinate (P <0.01). MVD in nasal polyps type II phase 3 and type III was higher than that in the nasal polyps type II phase (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: MVD is closely related with the formation edema and development of nasal polyps. Angiogenesis may play an important role in the development of nasal polyps.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Secretion and expression of E-selectin in nasal polyps].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance of E-selectin in nasal polyps. METHOD: The E-selectin was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 25 patients and 9 control cases from polyp tissue and normal inferior turbinates respectively. Meanwhile, the expression of E-selectin in these samples was studied with immunohistochemistry. All these samples were also studied by HE stain and observed under optical microscope. RESULT: Plentiful eosinophils infiltrated the matrix were observed in nasal polyps group. The level of E-selectin was(42.58 +/- 13.52) microg/L,significantly higer than that of controls (11.35 +/- 3.17) microg/L, (P < 0.001). E-selectin express mainly in the vascular endothelial, the gland cells and the extracellular matrix with infiltrated inflammation cells of nasal polyps. The expressions in the vascular endothelial and the matrix of nasal polyps were significantly higher than those of inferior turbinates (84.0% and 92.0%, P = 0.05, 0.01, respectively). The statistical analysis showed there was positive correlation between the expression of E-selectin in the vascular endothelial and in the matrix (r = 0.544, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the secretion and expression of E-selectin in nasal polyps increase significantly. E-selectin may play a key role involving in the occurrence of nasal polyps in the chronic inflammation procedure with inflammation cells to attach to the vascular, to migrate into the matrix as well as to be activated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Determination of differentially expressed proteins and it's significance among chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps and normal nasal mucosa].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differentially expressed proteins among chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps and normal nasal mucosa by means of proteomic technology, and select the candidate biomarkers of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps. METHODS: Proteins extracted from chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps and normal nasal mucosa were separated and the differentially expressed proteins were identified by series of proteomic tools, including immobilized pH4-7 gradient two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, modified coomassie brilliant blue staining, images scanning by the Image Scanner apparatus, PDQuest analysis software, peptide mass fingerprinting based on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) by in-gel digestion extract, and Mascot searching in NCBInr and SWISS-PROT databases. RESULTS: The 2-DE patterns with high resolution and reproducibility were obtained. The protein spots separated and visualized in chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps and normal nasal mucosa gel were 1020 +/- 40, 1112 +/- 10 and 1008 +/- 25, respectively. And the match rates were (93 +/- 2)%, (95 +/- 1)% [see text] (90 +/- 3)% respectively. Thirteen differentially expressed spots were found from chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps and normal nasal mucosa gel. We selected and recommend Keratin 8 and APOA1 proteins as candidate biomarkers of nasal polyps, and PLUNC protein, PACAP protein, NKEF-B and SOD as candidate biomarkers of chronic sinusitis. CONCLUSIONS: The differentially expressed proteins among chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps and normal nasal mucosa can be efficiently and relatively reliably identified via the techniques of proteomics. These techniques will play a very important role in the researches for new objective indicators possibly employed in the future classifying, staging and prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Clinical study of different forms of hysteroscopic surgery for endometrial polyps].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the curative effects of different types of hysteroscopic surgery for endometrial polyps. METHODS: A total of 327 cases by different ways of hysteroscopic surgery for endometrial polyps from Nov 1999 to Nov 2004 were followed up. The mean age was (40 +/- 6) years. The mean follow-up was (3.0 +/- 0.6) years. Among 228 polyps patients in sexual maturity without desire of maintaining fertility, 53 (group A) underwent polypectomy with electrosurgical vaporization, and 175 cases (group B) did polypectomy with endometrial resection. Fifty-four (group C) cases (19 cases of infertility), who desired future childbearing, did polypectomy with endometrial resection of superficial layer near the polyps. Forty-five postmenopausal patients (group D) did polypectomy with endometrial coagulation. RESULTS: The time of operation: group A (15.1 +/- 0.8) second, group B (19.7 +/- 0.7) second, group C (20.9 +/- 0.7) second, and group D (22.1 +/- 0.8) second. None of the polyps recurred for the patients of groups A and D after operation, and the recurrent rate of groups B and C was 1.7% and 7.4%. There were no cases with amenorrhea in group C, who hoped to keep the function of fertility, but the recurrent rate of polyps was higher than other three groups. Of 19 cases of infertility, 14 cases became pregnant after the surgery. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to select different hysteroscopic surgery for endometrial polyps, according to different ages and the desire of childbearing of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, eotaxin and vascular endothelial growth factor in nasal polyps after endoscopic surgery].

OBJECTIVE: To study the different expression of VCAM-1, eotaxin and VEGF in nasal polyp tissues and in the nasal mucosa of the operative cavity after endoscopic surgery and its significance. METHODS: Paraffin sections of nasal polyps and the nasal mucosa of the operative cavity were studied with immunohistochemical technique and HE staining. RESULTS: (1) Abundant eosinophils were observed in the nasal polyps, however, it was rarely seen in the nasal mucosa of the operative cavity (t = 2.891, P <0.05). (2) The positive expression of VCAM-1 and eotaxin was in nasal polyps and nasal mucosa of operative cavity, and both of the positive area were not statistically significant (t = - 2.051, P > 0.05), but their average density of light was decreased in the nasal mucosa of the operative cavity (t = 3.670, P = 0.05). The positive glandular of eotaxin were increased after endoscopic surgery (t = -2.899, P < 0.05). (3) Expression of VEGF was similar in both groups (t = - 0.037, 0.825, P > 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: (1) It is suggested that the nasal mucosa of the operative cavity was different from the nasal polyps. (2) The positive expression of VCAM-1 and eotaxin in the nasal mucosa of the operative cavity after endoscopic surgery indicates that eotaxin may up-regulate the expression of VCAM-1 in vessel endothelium and promote adhesion and migration of eosinophils, as a result, to lead to the recurrence of nasal polyps. The glandulous expression of eotaxin may play a key role in the early stage. (3) The expression of VEGF in nasal mucosa after surgery may contribute to the growth of blood vessel and induce increasing of vascular permeability and tissue edema. This may be an important factor in the process of nasal polyp recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[RANTES expression in nasal polyps fibroblasts; spontaneously and after stimulation with lipopolisaccharides (LPS) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)].

INTRODUCTION: According to the results of research carried out by a number of authors, one of the main mechanisms of the generation of polyps is local inflammatory processes accompanied by immune system disorders. It has recently been shown that a number of differentiation factors and inflammatory mediators may be involved in the growth of nasal polyps. RANTES is a eosinophil chemoattractant factor likely could play an important role in a chronic inflammatory response in the nasal tissue that subsequently leads to the development of nasal polyps. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was detection of the chemokine RANTES in nasal polyps fibroblasts and researching influence of stimulation with lipopolisaccharides and phytohemagglutinin for RANTES expression in cultured nasal fibroblasts in vitro. METHODS: Nasal polyps were obtained from 17 subjects (9 atopic and 8 nonatopic) during polypectomy. RANTES was measured by immunofluorescence method. RESULTS: Intensive granular luminescence was observed in all cytoplasm of cells with the exception of nucleus. Immunoreactive RANTES was found to be present in 70% of cells. We not find increase percentage of positive RANTES fibroblasts after stimulation with lipopolisaccharides and phytohemagglutinin. RANTES expression was similar in the both: atopic and nonatopic polyps. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that cultured fibroblasts derived from both atopic and nonatopic patients release RANTES spontaneously and after stimulation with lipopolisaccharides and phytohemagglutinin. This observation and the finding that RANTES is present in nasal polyps fibroblasts suggest that this chemokine may be an important mediator of eosinophil in both atopic and nonatopic nasal polyposis. More research needs to expand on chemotactic factors such as RANTES and their interplay with other local cytokines.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Establishment of 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis map and analysis of proteomics from human nasal polyps].

OBJECTIVE: To establish 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) map from human nasal polyps and normal nasal mucosa, and to identify differential expression proteins of 2-DE map. METHODS: Samples of nasal polyps and nasal mucosa (each sample group containing 7 cases) were obtained. The total proteins were extracted and separated by immobilized pH gradient (IPG)-based 2-DE. The silver-stained 2-DE was scanned with digital Imagescanner and analyzed with ImageMaster 2-DE Elite 4.01 software. To obtain peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) of differential protein spots, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) was used. The PMF was searched in Swiss-Prot and TreMBL database by Pept-Ident software, to identify differential expression proteins. RESULTS: The well-resolved, reproducible 2-DE maps of nasal polyps and nasal mucosa were established. For the polyps tissues, the average proteins spot of three 2-DE maps was 825+/-78; and 682+/-96 spot was matched with the average matching rate of 82.7%. The average deviations of matched spot position were (1.13+/-0.16) mm in IEF direction and (1.45+/-0.21) mm in SDS-PAGE direction, respectively. For the nasal mucosa tissues, the average proteins spot of three 2-DE maps was 936+/-62; and 821+/-78 spots were matched with the average matching rate of 87.7%. After comparing the 2-DE maps of nasal polyps and nasal mucosa tissues, the protein spots were 1,458 and 1,617 respectively; and 1,026 protein spots were matched. Forty differential expression protein spots were incised from silver staining gel randomly and digested in the gel by TPCK-Trypsin. Thirty-four PMFs were obtained by MALDI-TOF-MS and 24 differential proteins were identified. CONCLUSION: The well-resolved, reproducible 2-DE maps of human nasal polyps and nasal mucosa have been successfully established. Certain differential proteins related to the pathogenesis of human nasal polyps are identified.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Prevalence and risk factors of gallbladder polyp in adults living in Daegu and Gyeongbuk provinces].

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although there are various reports on the prevalence of gallbladder (GB) polyp according to the race or area, there is no report on Daegu and Gyeongbuk provinces. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence and related risk factors of GB polyp in health screening population of Daegu and Gyeongbuk provinces. METHODS: Of 28,911 adult health screening examinees from January 1997 to May 2003, age and gender-matched 8,008 (3,896 men, 4,112 women) were randomly selected to evaluate the prevalence. Independent risk factors were analyzed by comparing various variables between the GB polyp positive and negative groups. RESULTS: The prevalence of GB polyp was 2.2% (175/8,008). Those were 2.7% (104/3,896) among men and 1.7% (71/4,112) among women. Independent risk factors related with GB polyp were male gender (OR 1.434, p<0.001), obesity (OR 1.237, p=0.024), and hepatitis B carrier (OR 1.888, p<0.001) CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of GB polyp in Daegu and Gyeongbuk provinces is 2.2%. Male, obesity, and hepatitis B carrier may be the risk factors related with GB polyp in this region.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[A primary study about the correlation between superantigens produced by Staphylococcus aureus and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps].

OBJECTIVE: To study the role of superantigens produced by Staphylococcus aureus in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. METHOD: sinonasal mucus and polyp/mucosa tissue were obtained from sixty-nine patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (42 patients with bilateral nasal polyps, 27 without nasal polyps). Samples from twelve normal subjects were also obtained for comparative negative controls. Mucus specimens were cultured for bacteria. Tissue specimens were assayed by ELISA for staphylococcal exotoxins. In addition, the histopathology of nasal polyps was studied. The paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and these were examined for eosinophil counts. RESULT: The percentages of Staphylococcus aureus in sinonasal mucus were 7.1 for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) subjects, 3.7% for chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). and 0 for controls respectively. There were no significant differences between these groups. In CRSwNP subjects 23 of 42 samples (54.76%) demonstrated reactivity for at least one staphylococcal exotoxin. There were no positive results in the CRSsNP or control groups. The mean eosinophil counts were 23. 94+/-13. 88 in CRSwNP group, 0.29+/-0.51 in CRSsNP group, and 0. 08+/-0.28 in controls. The differences in these three groups were all significant ( P <0.05). There was a trend toward higher eosinophil levels in polyps of ELISA-positive patients compared with that of ELISA-negative patients, although this was not statistically different ( P >0.05). CONCLUSION: There were correlation between Staphylococcal superantigens and nasal CRSwNP, and superantigens were possible etiological agents in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Solitary rectal polyp and endoscopic polypectomy in a pediatric population: 3 years' experience].

During defecation, rectal polyps represent one most frequent causes of bleeding in infancy. The advent of endoscopic polypectomy has resulted very useful in their treatment. From January 1987 to March 1990, 113 children with rectal bleeding were evaluated; 22 of them had solitary rectal polyp, between 5 to 15 cm from anal margin at rectoscopy. 6 patients were excluded because they had autoamputation of the polyp, 16 patients, 9 girls and 6 boys between 2 and 11 years of age were studied with blood tests, series stools, contrast study with barium, colonoscopy with polypectomy and polyp histology investigation. 14 patients had chronic anemia, 10 had parasitic in stools. The barium enema identified rectal polyps in 14 patients (87.5%), colonoscopy and polypectomy was performed in every children. Juvenile histologic type predominated (82%). It is demonstrated that chronic anemia can follow rectal bleeding by polyps in children. Parasitic infections such as tricocephalous in conjunction with solid feces, may have a traumatic effect and produce chronic inflammation. Double contrast X-rays of the colon is useful to identify polyps. Non complications were observed during or after polypectomy. It is demonstrated that endoscopic polypectomy in children is a simple, safety and effective method.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Management of colonic polyps by colonoscopic polypectomy.

Colonoscopic polypectomy is an important therapeutic advance as it enables most colonic polyps to be removed entirely and studied pathologically and has virtually replaced surgical treatment. The clinical and pathological features of patients with colonic polyps treated by colonoscopic polypectomy over a five-year period are reported. Seventy-four patients (37 men, 37 women) with a mean age of 57 years had 109 polyps removed by snare polypectomy. Rectal bleeding was the predominant symptom and was present in 63.5%. Lower abdominal pain was present in 12%. The majority of polyps were located in the sigmoid (38.5%) and descending (40.3%) colon. Ninety-five polyps were pedunculated and 14 were sessile. Of the neoplastic polyps, 61.6% were pure tubular adenomas, 25.2% were mixed tubulo-villous adenomas and 1% were pure villous adenomas. There were no complications arising from colonoscopy or snare polypectomy. Colonoscopic polypectomy is a safe, reliable and cost-effective therapeutic procedure that has revolutionized the management of pre-cancerous neoplastic colonic polyps.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1991

[Colonic polyps: clinical and practical implications].

Among colorectal polyps, various forms of neoplastic or non-neoplastic lesions are distinguished by histology. Most accumulated knowledge suggests that the majority of cancer of the colon arise in pre-existing benign neoplastic polyps (adenoma-carcinoma sequence). Because of the risk of cancer being already present, all adenomatous polyps must be removed in toto. The carcinoma may occupy only a small area of the polyp, and therefore, forceps biopsies are inappropriate due to the sampling error. Since patients with polyps detected by rectosigmoidoscopy often have further polyps in the remaining part of the colon, complete examination of the whole colon is required. Follow-up examinations are indicated, because the risk of developing new polyps is high. Studies of the life history of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence suggest that interval of complete large-bowel follow-up may be about 5 years. The policy of polypectomy and follow-up examinations should be possible to prevent the development of colorectal cancer.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1990

[Hyperplasiogenic polyps and stomach carcinoma risk--experiences following 1074 polypectomies and follow-up studies].

In 731 hyperplasiogenic polyps which have been removed by endoscopical polypectomy there were ten polyps with an early cancer and eight polyps with severe dysplasias (borderline lesions) as well as one polyp, in which an advanced carcinoma had developed. This is to date the greatest series of hyperplasiogenic polyps with malignant transformation. In addition, in nine patients with hyperplasiogenic polyps carcinomas could be discovered, i.e. a rate for malignancy of 3.8%. It seems that stomachs with multiple polyps are particularly endangered. The recurrence rate on follow-up examinations covering a period of up to eight years was 36.1%.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1989

[Regression of stomach polyps--spontaneous or induced?].

In an endoscopic follow-up study of gastric polyps we examined their spontaneous disappearance, and the reaction of the rest of polyps after polypectomy. We found spontaneous disappearance in 28 (12.4%) out of 226 patients with gastric polyps. 19 patients showed complete absence of polyps in the later follow-up. Spontaneous disappearance was found in a great number of cases without biopsy of the polyps themselves (16 patients). In the cases of known histology there were predominantly inflammatory, benign polyps (16 out of 18 patients). From among 206 endoscopic polypectomies evident residual tissue was left behind in 19 (9.2%) cases. However, only one premalignant and one malignant residual part of polyp could be diagnosed. In the case of malignant degeneration (early cancer) there was successful treatment by means of 4/5 gastric resection.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

[Hyperplasiogenic polyps and risk of stomach cancer].

In 731 hyperplasiogenic polyps which have been removed by endoscopical polypectomy there were 9 polyps with an early cancer and 8 polyps with severe dysplasias (borderline lesions) as well as 1 polyp, in which an advanced carcinoma has been developed. This is the outstanding greatest number of hyperplasiogenic polyps with a malignant transformation. In addition in 9 patients with hyperplasiogenic polyps carcinomas could be discovered, i.e. a rate for malignant developments of 3.7%. It seems that stomachs with multiple polyps are endangered in particular. The recurrence rate of follow-up examinations covering a period of up to 8 years was 36.1%.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗