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PubMed1984

Resource guide to occupant protection programs and materials.

This article lists public and private sector associations and organizations concerned with occupant protection. Many of these organizations will provide catalogues and other public information materials on occupant protection. Some have operational programs designed to influence their members in the health professions or the general public. All of the organizations have printed material available. Some provide additional resources on occupant protection such as educational kits, consumer information pamphlets, posters, written testimony, public service announcements, sample legislation, and audio visual aids useful in conjunction with health promotion program development. For information relative to state occupant protection programs, readers should contact their State Office of Highway (Traffic) Safety, Governor's Office, Regional Office of the National Highway Safety Administration, Regional Office of the Department of Health and Human Services, State Health Department or Department of Preventive Health Services, and regional or state affiliate chapters of national organizations, such as the Child Passenger Safety Associations and the National Safety Councils.

Automobiles↗
PubMed1984

The liberal arts connection.

Occupational therapists need to be critical of who teaches, what is taught, how it is taught, how it is applied, and to whom it is taught in the entire education program of prospective occupational therapists. Further, I recommend that occupational therapy educators on campus take the lead in initiating meetings and discussions that facilitate a functional conjoining of occupational therapy practice, occupational therapy theory, and liberal arts studies. An initial effort in this regard might be for the three mutually interdependent and equal partners in the education of occupational therapy students to read and discuss Ernest L. Boyer's work entitled, A Quest for Common Learning--The Aims of General Education. I believe that all occupational therapists would benefit from reading this text, individually and collectively, and the profession and our community would benefit. The question is not whether or not this subject should be incorporated into an occupational therapy student's curriculum. The question for discussion should be at what point in the student's education--the student's intellectual growth and development and professionalization--would this topic and this treatment be best applied? Perhaps from this beginning the three partners--practice, theory, and liberal arts--would recognize and respond to their mutually interdependent and equally important role and responsibility in the design and implementation of the entire occupational therapy educational program, which is future responsive and ensures the highest probability that graduates will be professionally competent.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2000

Epidemiology of occupational contact dermatitis in a North Italian population.

Occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) is a very important skin disease both for its high frequency and for its social and economic implications. The aim of our work is to evaluate the epidemiology of occupational contact dermatitis in a north-Italian population and the possibility of a correct etiological diagnosis using the patch test standard series of GIRDCA (Italian Group of Resarch on Contact Dermatitis). We patch tested 1,565 out-patients affected by dermatitis with standard series GIRDCA and with other specific professional haptens. The manifestations were suspected of being of occupational origin by a dermatologist on the basis of clinical and anamnestic data. Of all the recorded professions we have considered only the more numerically significant: food industry, building industry, textile industry, employees, cleaners, hospital personnel, hairdressers, housewives, mechanics and metallurgists. Sixty-nine percent of contact dermatitis was found in women, the hairdressers had the greatest number of patients in the younger group (68.7% in the 11-20 years age group) and the textile industry workers in older group (100% in the 41-50 years age group). A positive allergological anamnesis emerged in 32.3% of allergic contact dermatitis. Irritant contact dermatitis (10.6%) was more frequent than allergic contact dermatitis (8.4%). The hands are the most common localization (94. 4%). The allergen with the highest frequency of positive reactions is p-phenylenediamine (25.3%). We discuss the frequency of positives to various groups of allergens in each profession and the principal means of contact. Because of the frequency of this type of occupational skin disease, we stress the importance of prevention. The standard series GIRDCA was found to be adequate for recognizing occupational contact dermatitis in most of our patients (74%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Pulmonary function testing in the screening of workers: guidelines for instrumentation, performance, and interpretation.

Medical surveillance of workers exposed to potential respiratory hazards may be a valuable tool in early recognition and prevention of certain occupational lung diseases. The use of pulmonary function tests, particularly spirometry, has been widely accepted as an integral part of respiratory surveillance. A National Aeronautics and Space Administration contract report on the Occupational Safety and Health Administration medical and workplace surveillance requirements and recommendations by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health is a recent detailed study of medical surveillance requirements and recommendations (unpublished study, 1983). This paper is a brief guide for those in the medical profession attempting to establish or improve their medical surveillance programs for occupational respiratory diseases. It describes procedures to use and techniques for interpreting test results, and finally includes a study of normal reference values. In addition, the references should provide additional information for establishing a respiratory medical surveillance program.

Female↗
PubMed2003

Professionals' perceptions of maintaining personhood in hospice care.

This qualitative study examines the attempts made by hospice staff to support and maintain the personhood of hospice patients. The study was conducted over a six-month period at two hospice facilities in northwest England. Thirty staff members were interviewed about their interpretation of the hospice philosophy and how this influences their work with regard to patient personhood. Staff employed methods of normalizing the often-distressing symptoms that accompany serious illness, with the aim of maintaining personhood and dignity. Related to the support of personhood, is the concept of the "special" patient. Staff members discussed feelings of attachment towards particular patients that had developed out of the care-giving relationship. There was no suggestion that staff perceived special patients as receiving preferential treatment at the expense of other patients. However, experiences with "special" patients positively impacted staff members by reinforcing occupational choice and the inherent rewards of the profession.

England↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Attitudes toward alternative models of unions and professional associations.

Within the occupation of nursing a synthesis of union and profession has been occurring so that "new" images of the profession and of unions are not as divergent as they traditionally were. To investigate whether nurses and nursing students are responding in terms of the traditional or the newer images of unions and professions, the relationship between motivations for entering nursing and attitudes toward unions and the profession were examined among 75 nurses and nursing students. Some support was given to the idea that nurses still respond to unions and the profession in terms of the traditional images although there was some suggestion, when comparing nursing students with nurses, that response patterns may be changing.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1995

[Does the professional image of the social worker in oncology correspond to the current challenges of the job? Apropos of a survey of patients and care professionals].

Care professionals (physicians and nurses), administrative staff and hospitalised patients were interviewed to find out the necessary qualities for social workers in oncology, as well as the roles and tasks that they must fulfil. On the one hand, the results of this study show that the needs of the interested parties are indeed met by social service from an empirical perspective of psychosocial support and expert advice. On the other hand, they bring to light the fact that the current status of the social worker is hardly recognized. Confronted with new occupational challenges, the social worker should rethink his/her profession and reevaluate his/her practice. Furthermore, he/she should develop professional links intra- and extramural and participate in social research programs whose aim is to improve the rehabilitation of patients and their families.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1990

Psychology doctoral training in work and health.

Psychology as a profession has an opportunity and obligation to advocate for and develop healthy work environments. This will require the design and conduct of doctoral-level training in occupational health psychology. A model for training might well be based on the assumptions that there is a viable role for occupational health psychologists trained at the doctoral level for both academic and applied work settings, and that doctoral training would be based on the integration of health psychology and public health. Issues remaining to be addressed in the development of doctoral training programs include appropriate predoctoral training, academic standards, the interdisciplinary nature of faculties, and appropriate settings for training. Future directions in establishing doctoral training in occupational health psychology will best be taken in dialogue with several other professions and institutions that share a common interest in reducing leading work-related diseases and injuries and promoting public health in the workplace.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1985

Professionalism or unionism--the therapists' dilemma?

Professionalism and Unionism are defined and compared. Some reasons for professionals electing to become unionised are suggested. In the context of the relationship of therapists with unions in British Columbia, two examples of labour action are described; how were occupational therapists involved in the issues which resulted in strike situations? What were the conflicts between the professional code of ethics and the union directives? How did individuals resolve these conflicts and what were the consequences? Occupational therapists must decide how they can be accountable to the profession and when that lifelong commitment takes precedence over union loyalties.

British Columbia↗
PubMed2000

Complementary/alternative medicine: comparing the view of medical students with students in other health care professions.

OBJECTIVE: We compared the opinions, knowledge, and attitudes of final-year medical, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, nursing, and pharmacy students about complementary/alternative medicine (CAM). METHODS: A cross-sectional study questionnaire (n = 442) was administered on site at the University of Western Ontario and the University of Toronto to fourth-year health professions students. Outcome measures were self-reported knowledge, attitude, and perceived usefulness of CAM therapies, the perceived importance of scientific inquiry for the acceptance of CAM, and educational exposure to the topic. RESULTS: Educational exposure to CAM was correlated with the perceived usefulness of CAM. Medical students reported the least amount of education about CAM and viewed CAM therapies as less useful than did their health professions student peers. Medical students and pharmacy students were more likely than the other health professions students to view traditional scientific forms of evidence as necessary before accepting CAM therapies. CONCLUSIONS: Perceptions differed among the different health professions student groups about the usefulness of CAM therapies and the kind of evidence needed before they should be incorporated into standard care. This may have important implications for multidisciplinary care.

Adult↗