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PubMed2002

[Immigration of physicians and dentists into Hungary in the 1980's and 90's].

Following the fall of the socialist regime in Hungary (1989), it was observed by patients and doctors alike that the number of foreign physicians and dentists significantly increased in the late 1980's and the early 1990's. There was no scientific research so far about these changes. Based on a cross-sectional study in 2001, there are 39,122 registered and professionally active members in the Hungarian Medical Chamber in Hungary. There are 33,915 physicians and 5,207 dentists. At present, the total number of foreign citizens among them amounts to 797, including 517 doctors who studied in Hungarian universities, albeit in English, not in Hungarian. There are also 2,167 doctors with Hungarian citizenship with a medical diploma from abroad. It is likely, that 260-270 people in this group were already Hungarian citizens before entering medical training. Subtracting them from the 2,167 doctors and adding 517 foreigners trained in Hungary, it may be stated that approximately 2,400 doctors work in the Hungarian health care as a result of international migration.

Dentists↗
PubMed1977

Papua New Guinea: first population policy declared.

In its 2nd year after achieving political independence, Papua New Guinea declared a general population policy in October 1976, and inaugurated a population research program to guide policy formulation. Population affairs of the country, which has a population of 2.75 million, have been vested with the Ministry of Environment and Conservation. The research program will be implemented in cooperation primarily with the Institute of Applied Social and Economic Research (IASER) and the University of Papua New Guinea, as well as the Central Planning Office, Department of Public Health, Bureau of Statistics, and Office of Information, among other agencies. The priorities for research will initially fall under 5 main concerns: 1) fertility and population growth, and the causes of local differentials; 2) socioeconomic influences on growth trends; 3) interrelation between population and land resources; 4) internal migration; and 5) individual attitudes regarding family planning practice. The research program is designed to become an integral part of national development planning. However, the Government has declared that both policy and research programs must concur with the needs and desires of the people, to pave the way for successful implementation of development plans.

Developing Countries↗