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PubMed1993

Late argon laser suture lysis after mitomycin C trabeculectomy.

BACKGROUND: Argon laser suture lysis has been effectively used in the early post-operative period to enhance filtration after trabeculectomy. The most substantial reductions in intraocular pressure (IOP) occur when laser suture lysis is performed during the first 2 postoperative weeks, and virtually no effect has been reported after the fourth postoperative week. Mitomycin C, used as adjunct therapy, improves the success rate of trabeculectomy in high-risk eyes and may change the time course for effective suture lysis. METHODS: The authors used late laser suture lysis in five high-risk patients after mitomycin C trabeculectomy. The mean patient age was 66.8 +/- 15.7 years, and laser suture lysis was performed an average of 13 +/- 5.8 weeks (range, 7-21 weeks) after surgery. RESULTS: The mean IOP before suture lysis was 20.2 +/- 3.8 mmHg. The average IOP reduction immediately after suture lysis was 11.4 +/- 3.9 mmHg. The average IOP 3 to 4 months after laser suture lysis was 9.4 +/- 3.4 mmHg. CONCLUSION: The authors postulate that adjunctive mitomycin C therapy markedly delays wound healing and appears to extend the period that laser suture lysis is clinically effective.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Scleritis after glaucoma filtering surgery with mitomycin C.

BACKGROUND: Adjunctive intraoperative mitomycin C increases the success of glaucoma filtering surgery, but also the postoperative complications. This is the first report of scleritis after its use. PATIENTS: In five patients, scleritis developed 3 to 24 weeks after inferior trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. The onset was characterized by acute pain, redness of the eye, and decreased vision. Three patients had anterior scleritis and two had posterior scleritis. Infection or bleb leakage was not seen in any patient. RESULTS: All patients responded to a course of topical steroids and oral ibuprofen or prednisone. CONCLUSION: Anterior and posterior scleritis may complicate the use of topical mitomycin C during trabeculectomy, Prompt diagnosis and treatment reverses the inflammation, maintaining the success of the surgical procedure.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Laser suture lysis after mitomycin C trabeculectomy.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the timing, efficacy, and complications of laser suture lysis (LSL) after mitomycin C trabeculectomy in patients with glaucoma at high risk for failure of filtering surgery. METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of 62 consecutive patients who underwent a total of 66 sessions of LSL after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. RESULTS: The interval from surgery to LSL ranged from 2 to 65 days (mean +/- standard deviation, 17.9 +/- 14.9 days). The average intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction after LSL was 11.9 +/- 8.9 mmHg (range, 3-40 mmHg). A longer interval to LSL was correlated with a lesser degree of pressure reduction (P=0.0004, Wilcoxon rank-sum test). After LSL, hypotony developed in 13 (21%) patients (IOP < 6 mmHg on 2 consecutive measurements at least 24 hours apart). This resolved spontaneously after 7 to 304 days (104.1 +/- 109.1 days) in 12 (92%) of the 13 patients. Life-table success rates (success defined as 6 mmHg </= final IOP </= 21 mmHg) for the hypotony and no hypotony groups were 100% and 86% (at 6 months) and 96% and 86% (at 12 months), respectively. The final visual acuity worsened in a significantly greater percentage of patients in the hypotony group (46%) compared with the no-hypotony group (18%) (P = 0.06), Fisher's exact test). CONCLUSIONS: Laser suture lysis is safe and effective in augmenting aqueous filtration after mitomycin C trabeculectomy. A longer time interval between surgery and LSL may result in both a lesser degree of IOP reduction and a lower incidence of subsequent hypotony.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Bleb-related ocular infection in children after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study is to report the clinical course of bleb-related ocular infection in children after trabeculectomy with adjunctive mitomycin C. DESIGN: The study design was a retrospective review of all patients with a diagnosis of bleb-related ocular infection after trabeculectomy with adjunctive mitomycin C. PARTICIPANTS: Three children were identified in whom late postoperative bleb-related ocular infection developed. INTERVENTION: Treatment consisted of vitreous biopsy with intravitreous antibiotic and corticosteroid injection and/or bleb culture with topical and intravenous antibiotic administration. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual acuity and intraocular pressure were measured. RESULTS: Bleb-related ocular infection developed an average of 16.7 +/- 10.9 months after trabeculectomy (range, 4-23 months). The mean age at presentation was 7.0 +/- 2.6 years (range, 4-10 years). Vitreous cultures were positive for staphylococci in two cases. A bleb culture from the third case also grew staphylococcus. All of the children recovered their initial vision after treatment of infection. However, one lost six lines of vision after a subsequent retinal detachment. Additional glaucoma surgery was required in one patient. CONCLUSIONS: Late bleb-related ocular infection may occur in children after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C and is characterized by abrupt onset, bleb infiltration, and rapid progression. Despite early preservation of vision after treatment of infection, significant late visual loss can occur.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2000

Simultaneous subconjunctival and subscleral mitomycin-C application in trabeculectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the efficacy and safety of simultaneous subconjunctival and subscleral application of mitomycin-C in trabeculectomy. DESIGN: A prospective, randomized study. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-eight patients (68 eyes) with refractory glaucomas were included in the study. INTERVENTION: Eyes were randomly assigned to receive intraoperative mitomycin-C (0.3 mg/ml) applied under the conjunctival flap (group 1), scleral flap (group 2), or under both flaps (group 3). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mean intraocular pressure (IOP), postoperative medications, visual acuity, filtering bleb appearance, and complications. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in IOP at 6, 9, and 12 months after surgery among the three groups (P = 0.021, 0.026, and 0.033, respectively ANOVA). At 12 months, the mean IOP in group 3 was 9.8+/-3.7 mm Hg compared with 13.4+/-5.5 mm Hg in group 2. (P = 0.015) and 12.4+/-4.4 mm Hg in group 1 (P = 0.039). Success rate (21 mm Hg or less), number of antiglaucoma medications, and complications showed no statistical significant difference between the three groups at each postoperative visit. CONCLUSIONS: Mitomycin-C applied under the scleral flap may have an additional beneficial effect when combined with simultaneous subconjunctival exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Combined penetrating keratoplasty and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate corneal graft survival and intraocular pressure control in eyes that have undergone combined penetrating keratoplasty and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC). DESIGN: Retrospective noncomparative case series. INTERVENTION: Penetrating keratoplasty combined with trabeculectomy with MMC and other surgical procedures. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-four eyes of 22 patients undergoing combined penetrating keratoplasty and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Corneal graft clarity and intraocular pressure control. RESULTS: The cumulative probability of corneal graft survival was 85% at 1 year and 60% at 2 years. The cumulative probability of adequate pressure control was 67% at 3 months, 55% at 12 months, and 50% at 24 months. The incidence of bleb failure was higher in cases involving additional concomitant procedures, such as anterior vitrectomy, lens implantation or exchange, and drainage tube implantation. CONCLUSIONS: Combined penetrating keratoplasty and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C is associated with good corneal graft survival but also a risk of early failure of intraocular pressure control. Other concomitant procedures during the combined penetrating keratoplasty/trabeculectomy may increase the risk of early bleb failure.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Survival advantage for carboplatin substituting cisplatin in combination with vindesine and mitomycin C for stage IIIB and IV squamous-cell bronchogenic carcinoma: a randomized phase III study.

This communication represents the definitive report of a randomized phase III study comparing cisplatin and carboplatin, in combination with vindesine and mitomycin C in stage IIIB and IV squamous-cell bronchogenic carcinoma. A total of 221 patients entered the study and were randomized into two arms. Of these, 114 patients (109 evaluable for activity) were randomized to arm A, receiving cisplatin 120 mg/m(2), mitomycin C 8 mg/m(2) and vindesine 3 mg/m(2) per cycle; 107 patients (101 evaluable for activity) were randomized to arm B receiving carboplatin 500 mg/m(2) with the same doses of mitomycin C and vindesine per cycle. Patients with progressive disease (PD) were excluded from the study after the 2nd cycle, and those with stable disease (SD), partial response (PR) and complete response (CR) received six cycles of chemotherapy (or less in case of early progression). Patients were stratified according to the clinical stage (IIIB vs. IV), performance status (0+1 vs. 2+3) and tumor histological grade (I+II vs. III). In the cisplatin arm two patients (1.9%) achieved a CR, 38 (34.9%) a PR, 45 (41.2%) a SD and 24 (22.0%) had PD; the overall response rate was 40/109 (36.8%). In the carboplatin arm five patients (5.0%) achieved a CR, 31 (30.7%) a PR, 40 (39.6%) a SD, and 25 (24.7%) had PD; the overall response rate was 36/101 (35.7%). No statistically significant difference in response rate was present between the two arms, and the response rate was not influenced by performance status, histological grade or clinical stage. The Kaplan-Meyers curves displayed a significant advantage both for time to progression (P=0.005) and overall survival (P=0.008) for patients in the carboplatin arm. The advantage for patients receiving carboplatin instead of cisplatin appeared evident in univariate setting for patients with a good performance status and clinical stage IV, and occurred irrespectively of tumor histological grade; response duration and survival of responders was identical in the two arms. Patients achieving a stable disease survived longer in the carboplatin than in the cisplatin arm (P=0.012). Thus, substitution of cisplatin by carboplatin in the combination chemotherapy regimen, although more hematologically toxic (but less emetogenic) resulted in a similar response rate, but a significantly longer time to progression and overall survival.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Cisplatin versus carboplatin in combination with mitomycin and vinblastine in advanced non small cell lung cancer. A multicenter, randomized phase III trial.

BACKGROUND: In advanced not selected NSCLC chemotherapy achieved an advantage of approximately 1-2 months on median survival versus best supportive care. Chemotherapy seems to improve symptoms control, even if randomised studies with quality of life as first endpoint are lacking and often chemotherapy toxicity compromises the frail cost/benefit ratio. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the impact on QoL, substituting cisplatin, a pivot drug in NSCLC therapy, with carboplatin, an analogue with an improved toxicity profile. The combination of cisplatin with Mitomycin and Vinblastine was one of the most frequently used in the palliative setting at the time of design of our study. METHODS: Patients were randomized to receive MVP regimen (Mitomycin-C 8 mg/m2 d1, Vinblastine 4 mg/m2 d 1-8, Cisplatin 100 mg/m2 d1) or MVC regimen (Mitomycin-C 8 mg/m2 d1, Vinblastine 4 mg/m2 d 1-8, Carboplatin 300 mg/m2 d1) every 3 weeks. The QoL was evaluated by the Spitzer QL-Index and by the EORTC QLQ-C30+LC 13 questionnaires before chemotherapy, after one cycle, after three cycles, and then every 6 weeks in the first 6 months and every 3 months thenafter. RESULTS: From September 1994 to July 1997, 153 consecutive patients were randomized to MVP (75 patients) or MVC arm (78 patients). Despite difficulties in carrying out and analysing QoL items in such patients, the global QoL evaluated by the Spitzer's questionnaire suggested an advantage for MVC regimen (P=0.05) and a significant difference was observed in global health subdomain (P=0.04). The disease-related symptoms improved with time, and the benefits lasted for the entire treatment period. When evaluated with the EORTC questionnaire there was significantly less nausea and vomiting (P=0.0001), appetite loss (P=0.01), insomnia (P=0.03), constipation (P=0.01) and peripheral neuropathy (P=0.01) in favour of MVC, and a trend for less hair loss (P=0.05). The advantage lasted for all the duration of chemotherapy. No differences were observed in global quality of life subdomain (P=0.40) between the two regimen. QoL was the first endpoint and the statistical power was inadequate to assess other parameters. However, we reported a response rate of 43.1 and 38.6%, respectively, in MVP and MVC arm (P=0.59) and a median survival of 10.2 and 7.2 months, respectively, for cisplatin and carboplatin arm (P=0.39). CONCLUSIONS: The carboplatin containing regimen (MVC) has a significant better toxicity profile than the cisplatin containing (MVP) regimen as proven both by the EORTC questionnaires and by the WHO toxicity data reported by physicians. No significant differences in terms of response rate, time to progression and overall survival were observed between the two regimen. The two chemotherapy regimen showed a similar effectiveness in symptom palliation when evaluated with C30 addendum of EORTC QOL questionnaire. With the Spitzer's questionnaires a trend towards an improved quality of life index was observed during treatment with the carboplatin combination in comparison to the cisplatin combination. This difference, however, was not observed when the global quality of life was evaluated with the EORTC patients compiled questionnaires. A carboplatin containing regimen with better toxicity profile and a similar potentiality for symptoms control offers an option in comparison to similar cisplatin containing combinations in the palliative treatment of advanced NSCLC.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Combined radiochemotherapy of locally advanced unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma with mitomycin C plus 24-hour continuous infusional gemcitabine.

BACKGROUND: In locally advanced pancreatic cancer, the combination of chemotherapy with radiotherapy is gaining increasing importance; although, in view of the reported long-term results of several contemporary trials, further improvements are certainly warranted. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a combined-treatment modality consisting of systemic chemotherapy with 24-h continuous infusional gemcitabine and mitomycin C, plus external beam radiotherapy in patients with localized unresectable adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Systemic chemotherapy consisted of mitomycin C 8 mg/m2 given as i.v. bolus injection on day 1 and gemcitabine administered as a 24-h continous infusion once weekly for 3 of 4 weeks. The starting dose of gemcitabine was 100 mg/m2 and dose levels were escalated in consecutive cohorts of 3-6 patients to 130 and 160 mg/m2, utilizing an escalating-dose Phase I trial design. Radiation therapy using megavolt irradiation (total dose, 45 Gy, 1.8 Gy/day) of 6 MV photons or greater with a 3- or 4-field technique was delivered concurrently for 5-6 weeks. RESULTS: Between January 1997 and August 1998, a total of 15 patients were enrolled in this trial, all of whom were assessable for toxicity, response, and survival. The dose-limiting toxicities at the 160 mg/m2 gemcitabine level were myelosuppression, specifically neutropenia +/- thrombocytopenia, and gastrointestinal symptoms, including stomatitis, vomiting, and diarrhea. Only 1 partial response was observed (7%), and disease was stabilized in 10 additional patients (67%). The median time to progression was 5.5 months (range, 2-12 months). Whereas all patients developed distant metastases, locoregional failure occurred in only 3. The median survival time was 8.3 months (range, 2.5 to 22.0+ months), and the 1-year survival rate was 13.3%. CONCLUSION: The MTD of gemcitabine when given as prolonged infusion in combination with mitomycin C and radiation therapy was 130 mg/m2/week. Therapeutic results suggest that combined chemoradiation with this regimen is feasible and effective for local control of pancreatic cancer, but essentially ineffective in counteracting metastatic tumor growth.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2003

Concurrent mitomycin C, 5-fluorouracil, and radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced carcinoma of the cervix: a randomized trial.

PURPOSE: This is a prospective, Phase III multicenter randomized trial to assess the effectiveness of concurrent intravenous mitomycin C, oral 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and radiotherapy (RT) in locally advanced carcinoma of the cervix. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between January 1988 and November 1994, 926 patients with locally advanced carcinoma of the cervix, FIGO Stage IIB-IVA, were entered into this study. The patients were randomized into four arms, as follows: Arm 1: conventional RT; Arm 2: conventional RT and adjuvant chemotherapy; Arm 3: conventional RT plus concurrent chemotherapy; Arm 4: conventional RT plus concurrent chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Concurrent chemotherapy consisting of intravenous mitomycin C at 10 mg/m(2) was given on Days 1 and 29, and oral 5-FU at 300 mg/day was administered on Days 1-14 and 29-42 during RT. Adjuvant chemotherapy of 5-FU orally at 200 mg/day was given for three courses of 4 weeks, with a 2-week rest every 6 weeks. Six centers participated in the trial. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 89 months. Acute side effects were generally higher in concurrent arms, but most of the patients tolerated the treatment well. Bone marrow toxicity was also higher in concurrent arms. The 5-year actuarial disease-free survival (DFS) was 48.2%, 54.1%, 64.5%, and 59.7% for arms 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The pattern of failure revealed a significant increase in locoregional recurrence in the nonconcurrent chemoradiotherapy arm. The local recurrence was 25.5%, 20.6%, 14.3%, and 17.6% for arms 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The metastatic rates were not significantly different in all four arms. At the time of analysis, there were no increases in late side effects, especially in gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems. CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent chemotherapy, mitomycin C, and 5-FU together with conventional RT showed an improved DFS rate when compared with conventional RT alone in patients with locally advanced carcinoma of the cervix.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Concomitant radiotherapy with mitomycin C and bleomycin compared with radiotherapy alone in inoperable head and neck cancer: final report.

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of concomitant irradiation with mitomycin C and bleomycin in patients with inoperable head and neck carcinoma with radiotherapy alone. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between March 1991 and December 1993, 64 patients with inoperable head and neck carcinoma (41 with oropharyngeal site) were randomized to radiotherapy alone (group A) or radiotherapy combined with simultaneous application of mitomycin C and bleomycin (group B). In both groups patients were irradiated five times weekly with 2 Gy to a total dose of 66-70 Gy. The planned concomitant treatment in group B was: bleomycin 5 units twice a week i.m., total dose 70 units, mitomycin C 15 mg/m2 i.v. after delivery of 10 Gy, and 10 mg/m2 i.v. on the last day of radiotherapy. To enhance the effect of these two drugs, patients received also nicotinamide, chlorpromazine, and dicoumarol. Because significantly better results were achieved in arm B for patients with inoperable oropharyngeal carcinoma, the study was closed and such patients were after December 1993 routinely treated with the combined therapy (as in arm B). Until October 1996, we treated and followed up 48 such consecutive patients. RESULTS: Median follow-up of our study patients is 42 months. Complete remission (CR) rate in group A was 31% and in group B 59% (p = 0.04); disease-free survival (DFS) in group A was 8% and in group B 37% (P = 0.01); and overall survival (OS) was 7% in group A and 26% in group B (p = 0.08). CR rate for patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma was 29% in group A (N = 21) and 75% in group B (N = 20) (p = 0.007); DFS in group A was 10% and in group B 48% (p = 0.001); and the OS was 10% in group A and 38% in group B (p = 0.019). In patients with inoperable oropharyngeal carcinoma treated after December 1993, complete remission was achieved in 32/48 (67%, 95% CI: 52%-80%). DFS at the median follow-up of 14 months was 60% (95% CI 43-77%) and OS 58% (95% CI 42-74%). CONCLUSION: From the results of our study it seems that the concomitant treatment significantly improves CR rate, DFS, and OS in patients with inoperable oropharyngeal carcinoma in comparison with radiotherapy alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Sensitive and convenient high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of mitomycin C in human plasma.

An improved high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for the cytostatic drug mitomycin C in plasma is presented. The principal steps are precipitation of plasma proteins with acetonitrile, lyophilization of the supernatant and reversed-phase chromatography on a Hypersil ODS 5 microm column with 0.01 M NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.5)-methanol (70:30, v/v) in isocratic mode. At a flow-rate of 1.3 ml/min a column pressure of 180-220 bar resulted. Porfiromycin served as internal standard. UV detection was performed at 365 nm. Quantitation limit based on a coefficient of variation <10% in intra- and inter-day assay was 5 microg/l mitomycin C, detection limit based on a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 was 1 microg/l. Recovery was 100% and linearity was shown for the whole range of concentration (1-500 microg/l). None of the five drugs used during chemoembolisation interfered with the assay in vitro. The assay meets the requirements for pharmacokinetic studies of mitomycin C in patients as regards sensitivity and ease of use.

Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating↗
PubMed2002

Evaluation of the prophylactic use of mitomycin-C to inhibit haze formation after photorefractive keratectomy.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of the prophylactic use of mitomycin-C to inhibit haze formation after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for medium and high myopia in eyes that were not good candidates for laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). SETTING: Carones Ophthalmology Center, Milan, Italy. METHODS: This prospective randomized masked study comprised 60 consecutive eyes (60 patients). The inclusion criteria were a spherical equivalent correction between -6.00 and -10.00 diopters (D) and inadequate corneal thickness to allow a LASIK procedure with a residual stromal thickness of more than 250 microm. The eyes were divided into 2 groups according to the randomization protocol. After PRK, the study group eyes were treated with a single intraoperative dose of mitomycin-C (0.2 mg/mL), applied topically with a soaked microsponge placed over the ablated area and maintained for 2 minutes. The control eyes did not receive this treatment. Refraction, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and slitlamp evidence of corneal opacity (haze) or other visible complications were evaluated. RESULTS: No toxic or side effects were encountered postoperatively. No study group eye had a haze rate higher than 1 during the 6-month follow-up; 19 eyes (63%) in the control group did (P =.01). At 6 months, the between-group difference in the refractive outcome was statistically significant (P =.05), with 26 study group eyes (87%) and 14 control eyes (47%) within +/-0.50 D of the attempted correction. No study group eye had a BCVA loss during the follow-up; 7 control eyes had lost 1 to 3 lines at 6 months (P =.0006). CONCLUSIONS: The prophylactic use of a diluted mitomycin-C 0.02% solution applied intraoperatively in a single dose after PRK produced lower haze rates, better UCVA and BCVA results, and more accurate refractive outcomes than those achieved in the control group.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1997

Mitomycin-C supplemented trabeculectomy, phacoemulsification, and foldable lens implantation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome of combined mitomycin-C filtering surgery, phacoemulsification, and foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. SETTING: Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated 182 eyes of 174 patients who had combined mitomycin-C trabeculectomy, phacoemulsification, and insertion of a foldable IOL through a 3.5 mm incision. Success of the combined procedure was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) below 21 mm Hg, with or without medications, and no serious complication. Success rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier actuarial method. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 16.7 months +/- 5.4 (SD). The probability of success at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months was 98.3, 95.6, 90.6, and 88.0%, respectively. When compared with preoperatively, visual acuity improved one or more lines in 148 eyes (81.3%) and worsened one or more lines in 15 (8.2%); 111 eyes (61.0%) achieved visual acuity of 20/40 or better. The most frequent complication was posterior capsule opacification requiring capsulotomy, which occurred in 22 cases (12.0%). CONCLUSION: The 1 year and 2 year IOP control rate of combined mitomycin-C filtering procedures and phacoemulsification in glaucoma patients was high.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Cytogenetic effects of 935.2-MHz (GSM) microwaves alone and in combination with mitomycin C.

This paper focuses on the genetic effects of microwaves from mobile communication frequencies (935.2 MHz) alone and in combination with a chemical DNA-damaging agent (mitomycin C). Three cytogenetic endpoints were investigated after in vitro exposure of human whole blood cells. These endpoints were the 'classical' chromosome aberration test, the sister chromatid exchange test and the alkaline comet assay. No direct cytogenetic effect was found. The combined exposure of the cells to the radiofrequency fields followed by their cultivation in the presence of mitomycin C revealed a very weak effect when compared to cells exposed to mitomycin C alone.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed2006

Role of mitomycin C in reducing adhesion formation following endoscopic sinus surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To study the role of mitomycin C in reducing adhesion formation following endoscopic sinus surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial. SETTING: Tertiary care referral centre. PATIENTS: Thirty patients were selected suffering long-term problems with bilateral chronic rhinosinusitis, with no relief obtained from medical therapy. Patients requiring revision sinus surgery or having acute upper respiratory tract infection were excluded. INTERVENTIONS: Diagnostic nasal endoscopies and non-contrast computerized tomography of nose and paranasal sinuses were undertaken and, following confirmation of the diagnosis, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) was carried out bilaterally using the Messerklinger technique. On completion of the surgery, a cotton wick soaked in mitomycin C was placed in one or other side of the nose in the middle meatus. Follow up was for three months and patients were assessed for subjective and objective improvement in their symptoms. RESULTS: Post-operatively, of the 11 (36.6 per cent) patients complaining of persistent nasal obstruction, nine had complaints limited to the control side only (p=0.005). Out of the nine (30 per cent) patients complaining of recurrent nasal discharge, eight had complaints on the control side and only one reported discharge from both sides (p=0.006). CONCLUSION: Mitomycin C may be topically applied in post-operative FESS cases to reduce adhesion formation and hence the need for revision surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Laryngeal cancer after topical mitomycin C application.

Mitomycin C is part of the mitomycin group of antibiotics and has found use in medicine in the treatment of various cancers, including those of the head and neck. In recent years, it has gained popularity as a topical treatment to prevent scar formation in the larynx and choanae in paediatric and adult inflammatory processes. Also, this alkylating agent is potentially a potent carcinogen. We report the first case in the world literature of laryngeal carcinoma in a non-smoking adult, which may have been induced by topical mitomycin C application to a glottic web. We discuss the mechanism of action of this drug, and we advise caution on its use for benign laryngeal pathologies.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

Preparation and antitumor activity of additional mitomycin A analogues.

On the basis of qualitative structure-activity relationships developed in the preceding article, a series of 32 new mitomycin A analogues were prepared and tested in antitumor screens. Seven of them gave greater prolongation of life (ILS) than mitomycin C in the mouse P388 leukemia assay. They included examples with 7-O substituents such as cyclic ethers and nitrogen heterocycles. A Hansch analysis was attempted with log P and MR as the independent variables, but no statistically significant correlation could be made. Seven compounds, chosen mainly for their good potency (MED), were tested in the subcutaneous B16 melanoma assay in mice and four of them showed greater ILS than mitomycin C.

Animals↗