[Cause of the development of lung abscesses].
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Adolescent↗
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[State of the water-electrolyte metabolism in patients with lung abscesses].
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Adolescent↗
[Lung abscess and pleural empyema caused by Fusocillus girans Prévot 1940].
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Adult↗
Candida albicans abscess of lung.
Candida albicans lung abscess is a rare entity. We present a case in a patient who suffered from Hodgkin's disease and was receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The patient responded to treatment with 5-fluorocytosine.
Candidiasis↗
[Radionuclide examination of functional disorders in patients with acute abscess of lung].
Potential of radionuclide examination for study of external respiratory function is discussed. Results of examination of 42 patients with lung abscess are analyzed. Procedure of perfusion and ventilating aerosol pulmonoscintigraphy with (99m)Tc-pentatex is described in detail. This procedure permits to examine alveolar-capillary diffusion. Variants of synchronous and asynchronous variations of indices of ventilating-perfusion correlations are demonstrated. These methods are safe and non-invasive. They may be recommended for functional assessment of regional and total characteristics of external respiration of each lung separately, and also for diagnosis of predominance of ventilating or perfusion dysfunction. Clearence of pentatex excretion from right and left lung characterizes integrity of epithelium and alveolar-capillary membrane. It is the index of alveolar-capillary permeability.
Acute Disease↗
Anaerobic pulmonary infections.
The main cause of anaerobic pulmonary infections is aspiration of saliva, upper airway secretions of gastric content. Predisposing conditions include prominent dental disease, chronic upper respiratory tract infections and reduced consciousness. Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides melaninogenicus and anaerobic Gram-positive cocci are the most frequently encountered organisms. The clinical presentations are lung abscess, lung gangrene and empyema, which all tend to take a slow and indolent course. Preferred localization are dependent lung segments, most often of the right side. For bacteriological examination in these infections, only transtracheal aspirate and aspirate from the lung or pleural space are considered adequate. In 26 cases of empyema treated in our hospital during the last 3 years, adequate specimens had been taken in 19. Fifteen had been adequately examined, and anaerobes were cultured in 6. Among 29 abscesses treated during the same period, adequate specimens had been taken in only 14, and 11 had been properly examined. Seven specimens grew anaerobes on culture. In prospective studies of transtracheal aspirate in 15 chronic bronchitis without emphysema, anaerobes were not demonstrated. In 11 patients with bronchiectasis, anaerobic bacteria were cultured in 3. Finally, no anaerobic bacteria could be demonstrated in the transtracheal aspirate from 76 patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. Anaerobic, pulmonary infections do not represent an intriguing medical problem in our region. However, knowledge of these infections is necessary to secure adequacy in collection of specimens and in their bacteriological examination. Except for metastatic infections, the key word for all lower respiratory infections is aspiration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
Anaerobic pulmonary infections.
The main cause of anaerobic pulmonary infections is aspiration of saliva, upper airway secretions or gastric content. Predisposing conditions include prominent dental disease, chronic upper respiratory tract infections and reduced consciousness. Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides melaninogenicus and anaerobic Gram-positive cocci are the most frequently encountered organisms. The clinical presentations are lung abscess, lung gangrene and empyema, which all tend to take a slow and indolent course. Preferred localization are dependent lung segments, most often on the right side. For bacteriological examination in these infections, only transtracheal aspirate and aspirate from the lung or pleural space are considered adequate. In 26 cases of empyema treated in our hospital during the last 3 years, adequate specimens had been taken in 19. Fifteen had been adequately examined, and anaerobes were cultured in 6. Among 29 abscesses treated during the same period, adequate specimens had been taken in only 14, and 11 had been properly examined. Seven specimens grew anaerobes on culture. In prospective studies of transtracheal aspirate in 15 chronic bronchitics without emphysema, anaerobes were not demonstrated. In 11 patients with bronchiectasis, anaerobic bacteria were cultured in 3. Finally, no anaerobic bacteria could be demonstrated in the transtracheal aspirate from 76 patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. Anaerobic, pulmonary infections do not represent an intriguing medical problem in our region. However, knowledge of these infections is necessary to secure adequacy in collection of specimens and in their bacteriological examination.
Bacterial Infections↗
[Blood gas values in healthy sheep and in sheep with lung diseases] .
In 24 healthy and 101 sheep with different lung diseases like catarrhalic pneumonic bronchopneumonia, lung abscesses, lung worm infections, Maedi and Sheep Pulmonary Adenomatosis (SPA) in arterial and venous samples blood gas analysis was performed. The alveolo-arterial-oxygen-difference was the most sensitive parameter to detect impaired ventilation, it was 11.40 +/- 6.39 mm Hg in healthy sheep. Global insufficiency occurred mainly in sheep with SPA and in mixed infections of SPA with Maedi.
Abscess↗
[Studies on clinical significance of "Streptococcus milleri group" in respiratory infections].
"Streptococcus milleri group" are the part of the indigenous oral flora, and they are proposed to contain three distinct species: Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus constellatus, and Streptococcus intermedius. Though not included in the approved lists of bacterial names, "S. milleri group" are regarded as the causative organisms of suppurative infections, such as oral abscess, brain abscess, lung abscess and empyema. I have studied the clinical significance of the "S. milleri group" in respiratory infections. An investigation was performed to confirm the incidence of "S. milleri group" colonization in healthy 120 volunteers' (20 y/o-80 y/o) throats, and it was found that 11.7% (14/120) were positive. On the other hand, attention should be paid to the fact that the "S. milleri group" was highly isolated, 24 (24.7%) in 97 purulent respiratory specimens (94 sputa and 3 throat swabs) from which no other significant microorganism was recovered. I have measured the serum antibody titers of the "S. milleri group", employing the IFA technique, in 10 patients from whose specimens "S. milleri group" was predominantly isolated, and compared with those of 18 healthy volunteers. Whereas all of the titers of healthy volunteers reveal less than 1:256, those of the patients reveal more than 1:512. And antibody titers to "S. milleri group" showed the highest in two weeks after "S. milleri group" isolation, and came down to healthy adult levels in six weeks or more. Thus far, about half of the causative organisms of acute pneumonia have been reported unknown. In this study I have suggested that the "S. milleri group" plays an important role as the causative organism in respiratory infections including pneumonia.
Adult↗
The management abscess of the lung.
A review of the literature raises considerable doubt as to the advisability of surgical drainage of lung abscess as a definitive procedure. The mortality rate with use of this procedure and other hazards associated with it, must now be viewed in the light of improved methods of conservative therapy - involving the use of penicillin, bronchoscopic treatment and postural drainage-by which cure can be obtained in more than 80 per cent of cases of acute abscess and in a smaller proportion of cases of chronic abscess. Another factor to be considered is the better chance for diagnosis and effective resection of associated carcinoma when conservative treatment is employed.
Abscess↗
Hilar and mediastinal adenopathy caused by bacterial abscess of the lung.
Enlargement of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes commonly accompanies a lung abcess. Of 27 patients with lung abscesses, 14 had hilar or mediastinal adenopathy or both. The problem resolved promptly with clearing of the abcesses and was absent on clinical and radiographic follow-up.
Adolescent↗
[A case of endophthalmitis and abscesses in the liver and the lung caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae].
[Case report] A 65-year-old male war admitted to a local hospital because of fever. He was treated with piperacillin and clindamycin without noticeable effect. He began to complain of loss of vision on the third hospital day and culture of the blood specimen yielded Klebsiella pneumoniae. He was diagnosed as endophthalmitis and referred to our hospital for further examination. The hematological laboratory test showed leukocytosis (12,700/microliter) and increased CRP (20.4 mg/dl). A computed tomographic (CT) scan of the thorax revealed multiple lung abscesses. An abdominal ultrasonographic scan and a CT scan of the abdomen revealed multiple liver abscesses. We drained the abscess in the liver and Klebsiella pneumoniae was detected from the sample of aspirated fluid and his sputum. Meropenem was administered intravenously. Fever started to improve on the tenth hospital day and the size of both liver and lung abscesses were reduced. He has lost vision of his right eye. He was discharged after sixty days. He did not have any immunosuppressive underlying disease including HIV infection and diabetes mellitus which cause these lesions.
Aged↗
[Pulmonary abscess].
A case of lung abscessi has been reported in 10 years old child, boy. This lung disease is uncommon, but treatment is complex. A lung abscess is a suppurative process resulting in destruction of the pulmonary parenchyma and formation of a cavity containing purulent material. The child was already treated in the hospital in Bihac since 19.07.2004. to 04.08.2004. Lung abscess was secondary caused by staphylococcus, started as panaritium second finger. The diagnosis is generally made by roentgenographic examination when a cavity with a fluid level surrounded by alveolar infiltration is demonstrated. After a few consultations with thoracal surgeon conservative treatment was continued Vankomicin 40 days and Funzol, later Stanicid 10 days. Brronchosacopy to faciliate drainage or to obtain culture is controversial so the same wasn't done. Surgical drainage of a lung abscess is almost never indicated and resection should be considered only in a children with recurrent hemoptysis, repeated episodis of infection. Serial chest roentgenograms show gradual diminution of the abscessus over a period of several weeks during hospitalization. Last one chest X ray shows as sequely air cyst on the left side. X ray of the second finger shows osteitis of the second phalange. After 40 days the child was discharged with recommendation for follow up by thoracal surgeon next 6 months.
Child↗
Massive hemoptysis. Review of 123 cases.
Case histories of 123 patients with massive hemoptysis were reviewed. The causes of hemorrhage were active pulmonary tuberculosis (47), bronchiectasis (37), chronic necrotizing pneumonia (11), lung abscess (six), lung cancer (six), bronchovascular fistula (five), primary pulmonary fungal infection (four), and miscellaneous (seven). Conservative management was used in 66 patients, with 21 deaths (31.8%). Surgical management was used in 34 patients, with six deaths (17.6%). Endobronchial iced saline lavage was used in 23 patients, with one death. All patients treated by lavage stopped bleeding, and further therapy, either surgical (five) or medical (18), was given as appropriate. The early control of tracheobronchial hemorrhage by endoscopic means is an effective though transitory holding procedure. The unpredictability of massive hemoptysis is underscored by eight deaths from sudden, engulfing hemorrhage in seemingly stable patients awaiting endoscopy or operation.
Adolescent↗
Haemophilus influenzae abscess presenting as an asymptomatic lung mass.
We report the radiographic and computed tomographic findings in an asymptomatic patient who had a Haemophilus influenzae lung abscess. The diagnosis was made by Gram's staining and culture of abscess material obtained by transthoracic needle aspiration. The radiographic abnormalities cleared after specific antimicrobial therapy.
Adult↗
Metronidazole vs clindamycin treatment of anerobic pulmonary infection. Failure of metronidazole therapy.
Metronidazole has important in vitro bactericidal activity against strict anaerobic bacteria and has been used successfully in the treatment of infection due to these organisms. In this randomized study, the efficacy of metronidazole was compared with clindamycin in the treatment of patients with anaerobic lung abscess or necrotizing pneumonia. Six patients with lung abscesses and one with necrotizing pneumonia received metronidazole; six patients with lung abscesses, three with necrotizing pneumonia, and one with pneumonia and empyema received clindamycin. Three patients with lung abscesses and one with necrotizing pneumonia failed to respond to metronidazole treatment. One clindamycin-treated patient died of causes unrelated to antibiotic therapy. The results of this study suggest that metronidazole treatment of anaerobic pulmonary infections is less effective than currently available therapy.
Adult↗
Clinical and experimental evaluation of cefoxitin therapy.
30 patients were treated with i.v. cefoxitin (4-8 g/day), of which 20 had documented infections which included endocarditis (5), lung abscess (4), empyema (4), liver and subhepatic abscess (3), osteomyelitis (3), and pancreatic abscess (1). 14 patients had infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and 5 had endocarditis due to aerobic organisms. All but 2 patients with osteomyelitis of the mandible were cured. Adverse reactions were noted in 7 patients, mostly due to drug fever and leukocytosis; one had Coombs'-positive hemolytic anemia. The average serum cefoxitin levels were 24, 16, 12, and 4 microgram/ml at 1, 2, 3 and 4 h, respectively, and the average serum/pleural fluid ratio was 1:0.5 +/- 0.25. All anaerobic and aerobic isolates except one strain of Bacteroides fragilis were susceptible to cefoxitin at less than or equal to 32 microgram/ml. The concentration of cefoxitin in the tissues was measured in 8 rabbits; it was 4 +/- 1 microgram/ml in the heart and 2 +/- 0.5 microgram/ml in the femur and mandibular tissue, suggesting that the lack of response in cases of osteomyelitis could be due to inadequate antibiotic concentration in the bone. Our study suggests that cefoxitin can be used in the treatment of anaerobic infections and endocarditis due to susceptible organisms.
Abscess↗