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At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

A comparative analysis of healing of surgical cleft lip corrected in utero and neonates.

We studied the healing process in surgically created cleft lips in fetal mice and compared it with that in newborn mice with cleft lips. Our purpose was to determine the time for optimal healing, defined as minimal scarring, for a repaired cleft lip. Full-thickness paramedian lip incisions were made in NMRI mice in utero, in 2- and 4-day-old neonates, and in adults (n = 10 in each experimental and control group). The healing process was studied by biochemical analysis of hyaluronic acid and hydroxyproline content in the repaired cleft tissue. We found that the production of hyaluronic acid remained stable during the healing period and was similar in all experimental groups. However, there was an unexplained but consistent depression in the hyaluronic acid content of fetal tissue 2 days after repair. Hydroxyproline was present in the fetal healing tissue, but in a low concentration, starting 4 days after surgical incision of the lip. The production of hydroxyproline in 2-day-old neonates was similar to that in the fetuses throughout the healing period (p less than 0.0005). However, the production of hydroxyproline increased in 4-day-old neonatal and adult tissues. In conclusion, we found an optimal healing period for mice with minimal collagen production in the late fetal stage, and this lasted 2 days after birth.

Aging↗
PubMed1991

Lower incisor angulation differences in Class II division 1 malocclusions with and without full 'lip trap'.

A cephalometric study was designed to investigate whether a difference in lower incisor angulation exists in Class II division 1 malocclusion subjects with and without the presence of a lower lip trap. Chinese subjects (N = 40) with Class II division 1 malocclusions who demonstrated a complete lower lip trap were compared to an equal number of subjects with a partial lip trap. Intergroup comparisons of several cephalometric parameters indicated the presence of statistically significant differences in both the degree of lowe incisor proclination/retroclination (p < 0.01) and the magnitude of the overjet (p < 0.05). In the complete lip trap group, the lower incisor was more retroclined and the overjets were also statistically larger than the partial lip trap group.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Staged sequential flap reconstruction for large lower lip defects.

A method for the reconstruction of total or nearly total defects of the lower lip is described that utilizes a staged sequence of flaps that are familiar to most plastic surgeons. The recommended sequence is an extended Karapandzic flap to reestablish the oral sphincter, then two sequential Abbé flaps from the upper lip to restore balance and augment the central lower lip, and finally a commissureplasty using a sliding myomucosal flap in conjunction with final revision of the scars. Intervals of 3 weeks separate the surgical procedures. Using this strategy, essentially normal lip function and a relatively normal appearance have been obtained in four patients with large lip defects.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Reconstruction of the lip.

The lip has important sensory and motor functions. The principle functions of the lip relate to its abilities as a sphincter that is modified by the many muscles of facial expression. The best repairs of the lip respect natural anatomic lines and preserve or restore the orbicularis muscle. When feasible, it is best to reconstruct labial defects with tissue from within the lip. As the need for replacement with extra-labial tissue becomes greater, lip reconstruction will require a more carefully selected compromise.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Squamous carcinoma of the lip. Review of 98 cases].

Squamous lip carcinoma. A review of 98 cases. Ninety-eight new cases of squamous lip carcinoma (87 males and 11 females), diagnosed over a 10 year period at the Institute of Pathological Anatomy of the University of Trieste were studied from an epidemiological point of view and in relation to their biological behaviour. The overall incidence was equal to 6.67%... in males and 0.73%... in females, with a male to female ratio of 9.2:1. The distribution of the cases can be directly correlated to age: the incidence in the 80-84 age group among males was 3 times greater than that in the 60-64 age group and 4 times greater than that in the 55-59 age group. Among females the highest number of cases occurred from 85 years of age upwards. The relative frequency of the carcinoma for each of the 3 epithelial surfaces was 46.9% for skin lesions (46 cases) and 50% (49 cases) for those on the vermilion, while the carcinoma originated in the internal mucosa in just 3 cases. In 11 cases the tumour had originated on the upper lip (8 males and 3 females, male to female ratio 2.6:1) and 6 of these were skin tumours. The relative frequency of skin neoplasms of the lip was 38.8% for 1978-81, 43.3% for 1982-85 and 64% for 1986-87. A study of the age specific incidence showed that the maximum number of cases occurred in the 75-84 age group (8.37%) for vermilion carcinomas and in patients over 85 (7.69%) for skin of lip carcinomas. In 17 patients the tumour was already infiltrating at the first biopsy (13% of skin carcinoma and 23% of carcinomas arising on the mucosa), and in 9 cases there were metastasis to the laterocervical nodes and/or salivary glands. In 14 patients the tumour recurred. From a study of the autopsies on the 27 patients who died it emerged that in 18 cases (66.6%) there was no tumour, nor was there any local infiltration or metastasis, while in 4 cases the tumour was still present and infiltrating the surrounding tissue. In 4 other cases the primary tumour was no longer present but metastasis and/or infiltration had developed. Associations with one or more malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity or the upper aerodigestive tract were noted in 9 cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Familial syndrome with lip fistulas and microforms of cleft velum].

Four siblings are reported who have congenital fistulae of their lower lips (with one exception) associated with bifid uvula and partial manifestations of submucous cleft palate, while their mother has a bilateral cleft lip and palate as well as bilateral fistulae of the lip. The malformation is possibly transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. This special type of hereditary combination is not mentioned in the literature, as far as we know, and appears to be a very rare clinical variation of the syndrome normally associated with clefts of lip and palate and fistulae of the lip.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Epidemiology of cleft lip and cleft palate in China].

During a period of 12 months (Oct. 1986 to Sep. 1987), 1,243,284 live and still births were monitored in 945 hospitals of 29 provinces cities and autonomous regions of China. A total of 2,265 cases of cleft lip and cleft palate were recorded, of which cleft lip with cleft palate accounted for 61.3%, isolated cleft lip for 30.5% and isolated cleft palate for 8.2%. The incidence of cleft lip and cleft palate in this country varied from 13.4 to 30.7 with a mean of 18.2 per 10,000. The total incidence of cleft lip and cleft palate in the rural area is higher (20.8 per 10,000) than that in the urban area (16.9 per 10,000) (P less than 0.01). A male preponderance (19.8 per 10,000) over the female (16.3 per 10,000) (P less than 0.01) was observed.

China↗
PubMed1989

In utero cleft lip repair in the mouse without an incision.

In utero cleft lip repairs were done by full-thickness approximation of the cleft edges by 11-0 sutures in the A/J mouse on day 17 of gestation after Dilantin was administered on day 10. On day 20, a cesarean section was performed, the repair inspected, and the lip sectioned for histologic study. One-thousand one-hundred and thirty-nine mice were bred, and surgery was performed on 48. At least one fetus was present that had a cleft lip in 21 mice, and repairs were done on 16 fetuses. Ultimately, 9 viable fetuses were studied. In all cases, lip continuity was present where the suture had coapted the edges. There was little or no evidence of the lip repair despite no incision being performed. Histologic examination revealed epithelial and mesenchymal continuity with an occasional notch noted in the epithelium and soft-tissue asymmetry in complete clefts. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiologic analysis of lip cancer in a 15-year period in the region surrounding Varazdin].

The author presents the epidemiological analysis of lip cancer in the sub-region of Varazdin. The parameters such as sex, age, histological type, localization and occupation of all recorded patients with lip cancer were analyzed. Amongst the 103 recorded patients with lip cancer there were 81 (78.64%) men and 22 (21.36%) women. The upper lip involvement was detected in 18 (17.46%) and the lower lip in 85 cases (82.54%). There were 12 examples of basalioma (17.46%), 90 of planocellular carcinoma (87.37%) and a single example of melanoma (0.97%). The majority of patients were aged 60 [29 (28.15%)] and 70 [40 (38.83%)]. At recording time, the major group consisted of peasants and housewives [42 (40.78%)], followed by retired persons [37 (35.92%)] and workers exposed to the influence of sun rays [15 (14.56%)].

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cleft lip and palate in Denmark, 1976-1981: epidemiology, variability, and early somatic development.

The present investigation describes the incidence and variability of the primary cleft condition in all Danish infants born with cleft lip, cleft palate, or both, from 1976 to 1981 and analyzes general somatic growth from birth to age 22 months. Because of excellent sampling conditions in Denmark, the study material is nearly complete. Six hundred and seventy-eight infants with facial clefts were born during the period, corresponding to 1.89 per 1,000 of all newborns. Six hundred and two patients were examined--most of them twice: at 2 months and at 22 months. Material uptake included plaster casts of the upper jaw, cephalometric films in three projections, anthropometric registrations, and information from hospital charts. A detailed grading of the clefts according to severity was carried out. Sex distribution was 61% males and 39% females, of whom 34% had isolated cleft lip, 39% combined cleft lip and palate, and 27% an isolated cleft palate. Left-sided clefts were most frequent. In the combined cleft lip and palate group, 90% exhibited subtotal or total clefts, whereas the clefts were less severe in the isolated cleft lip and isolated cleft palate patients. Birth weight and length showed values close to the average for Danish newborns, but a lag was seen in infants in whom severe palatal cleft was included. The extended method of classification was suggested to select subgroups for special care.

Body Height↗
PubMed1987

Nasal respiratory resistance in cleft lip and palate.

The present study aimed to determine the nasal respiratory resistance (NRR) in subjects with cleft deformity of the lip and palate. The cleft sample was subdivided into cleft lip (N = 15) (mean age 13.4 years, median age 14 years), cleft palate (N = 19) (mean age 12.7 years, median age 12 years), and unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects (N = 27) (mean age 16.4 years, median age 16 years). A control group consisted of 38 patients (mean age 14.4 years, median age 12 years) attending for orthodontic diagnosis. Respiratory resistance was determined by a Mercury rhinomanometer, which was calibrated dynamically before each session. Subjects were given 0.1% xylometazoline hydrochloride half an hour before each session. Resistance was determined unilaterally by the anterior method as well as bilaterally by the posterior method. The results showed that the bilateral nasal resistance did not differ significantly between the cleft samples and the controls. Unilateral measurements of nasal resistance showed higher values for the cleft side than for the noncleft side, both in the cleft lip (CL) and the unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) samples (p less than 0.001). In the cleft palate sample as well as in the controls, unilateral nasal resistance did not differ between the two sides.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Lip carcinoma and its surgical treatment].

Cancer of the lip occurs in about 90 percent at the lower lip arising in the vermilion mucosa. In tumor stage I the type of repair depends on the size of the primary tumor. Small tumors are best treated by a simple full-thickness W-excision with direct closure, occasionally combined with vermilionectomy. The simple W-excision is the most common procedure in lip cancer (65%). After excision of greater tumors, repair may be performed by cross lip flap of the Estlander-Abbe type or by the fan-flap of the Gillies type. Large defects are closed with Dieffenbach's or Burow's flap. The Burow's technique give better cosmetic and functional results than the Dieffenbach's method. Also in comparison to the cross lip flaps Burow's technique advantages. The orificium of the mouth remains wide, the lateral angle is not distorted and the tumor may be removed with a broad margin in the normal tissue. Therefore, the Burow's technique is frequently applied (30%) displacing the other methods(is less than 5%). At least the practice of two techniques may be sufficient in dermato-surgery, the W-excision with or without vermilionectomy; and the Burow's technique with its modifications.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Social ratings of children with cleft lip by school peers.

A group of 78 students from the second, third, and fourth grades rated color slides of 3 children with bilateral cleft lip, 3 children with unilateral cleft lip and 3 children with normal facial features on 15 independent semantic differential variables. Results indicated that children with cleft lip were viewed more negatively than the nonclefted children. The bilateral cleft lip group was rated more negatively than the unilateral cleft lip group on approximately half of the adjectival scales. The older judges rated the treatment groups higher than the younger judges on all except one of the variables. Implications for these findings are discussed.

Attitude↗
PubMed1982

[Surgical treatment of benign and malignant lip tumors].

Benign tumors of the lips are resected aiming the least visible scarring. In cases of malignant tumors spreading on the surface of the lower lip we succeeded reconstructing it after complete excision of vermillion using tongue flaps. This was performed in two stages. The Meyer technique is to be preferred from functional as well as from esthetic point of view in cases where the tumor has required medium or subtotal excision of the lower lip. In tumors of the upper lip it may be used the other way round. Larger lip defects have to be managed by major regional flaps. Some examples are demonstrated.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Electromyography of perioral muscles in the cleft lip and palate patients with crossbite].

In this study, twenty-nine cleft lip and palate patients with anterior crossbite were chosen as study group and twenty-eight normal children, twenty-seven patients with anterior crossbite as the control groups. All subjects were examined with EMG, and found some characters of the perioral muscles activity of the cleft patients. (1) The electromyographic amplitude of the upper lip and chin muscles was higher in cleft patients than that of other two groups during swallowing of saliva (2) Activity of chin muscle in cleft patients and crossbite patients in rest position were higher than that of normal occlusion (3) The Asymmetry index of the activity of upper lip muscle in every functional positions of the cleft patients are higher than ther groups. The abnormal activity of perioral muscles of the cleft patients demonstrate that functional repairment of cleft lip and needed lip bumper are necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Bilateral cleft lip. An unorthodox management.

Successful repair of bilateral cleft lip requires attention to the soft-tissue anomalies of the lip and nose and the hard-tissue defects of the maxilla. An algorithm for the management of the infant with bilateral cleft lip is presented. A multidisciplinary approach that uses lip adhesion and passive alveolar molding plates to set the stage for subsequent definitive lip and columellar reconstruction is discussed. This approach differs from most others because of reliance on the mucosal circulation of the prolabium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Modified use of gate flap for the reconstruction of the lower lip.

Surgical excision of advanced lower lip carcinomas with adequate safety margins, in some cases, causes defects as large as three-fourths of the width of the lip or total lip defects. This paper describes a modification of nasolabial 'gate flap' for reconstruction of extensive defects of the lower lip. Splitting the flap into skin and mucosal flaps provides the surgeon more skin on the inferior aspect of the reconstruction where he needs skin without any mucosa and more mucosa on the superior aspect of the reconstruction where he needs mucosa for reconstruction of the vermilion and lower labial sulcus. Four patients with total lower lip defects have been treated with this technique. The results were quite satisfactory both functionally and cosmetically.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[When a child is born with a cleft lip and palate].

The child born with cleft lip and palate. Cleft lip, cleft palate and cleft lip and palate are among the most common facial abnormalities. The birth of a child with any of these and the prospect of a schedule of treatments that will continue into late adolescence puts enormous stress on the entire family. Between 1989 and 1994, 160 babies with such malformations were born in Quebec. In a study of eight families from this population, the author examines ways in which they communicate, share tasks, react to difficulties, show interest and solve problems. By means of interviews and three questionnaires, the author determined that the first three months following the birth are the most crucial. During this time, the nurse can help the family through a redefinition of roles brought on by the prospect of numerous medical and surgical procedures. The nurse can also provide the family with emotional and educational support; help them understand and come to terms with the child's malformation, so that the child is fed properly; and help lessen the family's feelings of helplessness. The nurse must ensure that these parents are adequately informed and provide them with additional information about cleft lip, cleft palate and cleft lip and palate. She must be aware of appropriate resources and, whenever possible, refer the families to an organization or a centre specializing in this type of malformation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗