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Conventional health insurance: a decade later.

In this article, the 1987 conventional health plans are examined and 1987 group health insurance is compared with that of 1977. The source of information for 1987 is the national survey of 771 private and public employers conducted by the Health Insurance Association of America. Data for 1977 are from the National Medical Care Expenditures Survey. Findings show that conventional health plans' share of the group market declined from 95 to 73 percent during the decade; the majority of Americans covered by conventional group insurance are now enrolled in a plan that self-insures; prospective utilization review grew dramatically after 1984; and patient cost sharing increased, but not as significantly as conventional wisdom holds.

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Placement alternatives for long-term ventilator care.

Management of the patient receiving long-term ventilator care is facing many changes, among them new alternatives in placement outside hospitals. These include the home and two new options--the skilled nursing facility and the residential care facility. Government and insurance carriers are now more willing to pay for these alternatives to hospitalization. Home has been the traditional placement of choice for ventilator-dependent patients; this placement requires extensive training of the patient and careproviders to ensure safety. The skilled nursing facility (SNF) has been in the past an unsafe alternative placement; however, some SNFs are developing special units for ventilator-dependent patients that will make a placement to these facilities safe and practical. Residential care facilities, developed as a model program in California, can care for small numbers of ventilator-dependent persons in a homelike setting. These new placement alternatives will make it possible for virtually all medically stable, ventilator-dependent patients to live away from the hospital.

Home Care Services↗