Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “IRIDECTOMY”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Efficacy of brimonidine 0.2 per cent as adjunctive therapy to beta-blockers: a comparative study between POAG and CACG in Asian eyes.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety profile of brimonidine as adjunctive therapy to beta-blockers between primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and chronic angle closure glaucoma (CACG) in Asian eyes. DESIGN: Three-months, open-label, prospective study. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-three patients (35 eyes) with POAG and 25 patients (39 eyes) with CACG were enrolled in the study. INTERVENTION: Patients with POAG or CACG post iridectomy whose IOP was inadequately controlled with topical beta-blocker monotherapy were included. Then, brimonidine 0.2 per cent was added twice daily in both groups. Study visit occurred at weeks 2, 4, 8, and 12. Complete ophthalmic examinations were performed in all visits. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Efficacy was determined by reduction in IOP from baseline and tolerability was assessed by reports of adverse events. RESULTS: After 3 months of brimonidine adjunctive treatment, the mean (+/- SEM) IOP reduction were 4.37+/-0.34 mmHg (19.4%) in POAG and 4.54+/-0.37 mmHg (20.1%) in CACG (p= 0.741). No serious ocular or systemic adverse event was reported. CONCLUSION: Brimonidine was well tolerated, efficacious and provided additive IOP reduction in POAG and CACG.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1975

The roto-extractor in pediatric ophthalmology.

The Roto-Extractor, designed by Nicholas Douvas, M.D., was used by the authors in 66 eyes for cataracts, secondary membranes, and persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous. The average age of the patients with congenital cataracts was 2.4 years, for traumatic cataracts 16.4 years. The pupil wal cleared well in 63 of these eyes. There was no vitreous to the wound in any of the eyes. Unplanned iridectomies and prolonged inflammation were the major complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The management of glaucoma in nanophthalmos.

Patients with nanophthalmos are prone to develop a chronic painless type of glaucoma in middle age, probably due to the natural increase in the size of the lens which is already relatively too large for the small eye. Although the underlying mechanism is obscure, a slowly progressive "creeping" chronic angle-closure is postulated, but gonioscopic evaluation is difficult due to the shallow anterior chamber, with grade I and slit angles. Response to medical treatment is poor and miotics may even make the condition worse by producing relative pupillary block and by relaxing the lens zonule. Ordinary glaucoma surgery is to be avoided in nanophthalmos because of the fear of postoperative ciliary-block malignant glaucoma. Periopheral iridectomy performed in five eyes at an advanced stage of the chronic angle-closure did not facilitate glaucoma control in three eyes, and in two eyes in which the operation was combined with posterior sclerotomy, the eyes became blind from vitreous hemorrhage. Lenx extraction in five eyes controlled the glaucoma but was followed by choroidal effusion and nonrhegmatogenous retinal detachements in two eyes and blindness in another eye when combined with a posterior sclerotomy. No firm therapeutic recommendations can be made on the basis of the author's experience in the six reported cases. Conventional medical therapy seems ineffectual even when begun early in the glaucoma. Conventional glaucoma surgery must be performed early, before permanent damage to the outflow mechanism occurs but removal of the lens must be anticipated. The surgeon must also remain aware of the high incidence of serious posterior-segment complications which inexplicably follow glaucoma or lens surgery in nanophthalmos, as described by Brockhurst.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Pupil block glaucoma from traumatic vitreous prolapse in a patient with posterior chamber lens implantation.

BACKGROUND: Angle closure secondary to pupil block is an entity known to occur in aphakic and pseudophakic patients. In aphakic patients, typically the cause of the pupil block is vitreous prolapse (aphakic pupil block). In pseudophakic patients, the typical cause of the pupil block is an anterior chamber lens implant, often in the absence of an iridectomy (pseudophakic pupil block). Rarely, a hybrid of these two conditions can occur, in which vitreous prolapse causes a pupil block in a pseudophakic patient with a posterior chamber lens implant. METHODS: The case presented is that of an elderly pseudophakic man with a posterior chamber lens implant who experienced ocular trauma, and who subsequently also experienced a ruptured posterior capsule with resultant vitreous prolapse and pupil block angle closure. Key diagnostic features are presented, as well as patient-specific management for this uncommon condition. CONCLUSIONS: While diagnosis and management of acute primary angle closure are well-known and reported, acute secondary angle closure is not as well reported. It is imperative to understand the mechanism of angle closure, as this properly delineates the management plan. Use of management plans appropriate to acute primary angle closure with pupil block (the use of miotics) could potentially have disastrous consequences in cases of secondary angle closure from vitreous prolapse.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Subtenon's infiltration anesthesia for intraocular surgery].

PURPOSE: To study the efficiency of Subtenon's anesthesia for intraocular surgery. METHODS: Subtenon's infiltration anesthesia was performed in the following ocular surgeries: Extracapsular cataract extraction combined with intraocular lens(IOL) implantation (14 eyes), cataract aspiration with IOL implantation(5 eyes), iridectomy(2 eyes), trabeculetomy(3 eyes), and removal of silicon band after scleral buckle for retinal detachment (1 eye). After superficial anesthesia with 0.5% Dicaine solution and incision of limbal conjunctira were performed, a 22 gauge blunt connected with a 5 ml syringe containing a mixture of 2% lidocain and 0.75% of Bupivacaine was introduced posteriorly along with the surface of the sclera towards both 10:00 and 2:00 o'clock direction, under Tehon's capsule at tabout 10-15 mm away from the limbus. A slow injection of 1.5-2.0 ml of the anesthesia was made at the equator of the globe. RESULTS: According to the standard made by Pang chenjiu, the efficiency of anesthesia was as follows: Grade I: 20 eyes(80%), Grade II: 4 eyes (16%), Grade III: 1 eye (4%). CONCLUSION: It is an effective, safe and simple anesthetic method for intraocular surgery especially for those with single eye, glaucoma eye in absolute stage and old patient with insufficient heart function.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

New management of malignant glaucoma by phacoemulsification with posterior chamber foldable intraocular lens implantation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of phacoemulsification with posterior chamber foldable intraocular lens implantation in the management of malignant glaucoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients with malignant glaucoma diagnosed in the Department of Glaucoma were enrolled in the study. 12 patients developed malignant glaucoma after filtration surgery. 1 developed after peripheral iridectomy. 1 patient developed malignant glaucoma without any clear cause. Cataract phacoemulsification was performed. Posterior chamber intraocular foldable lens was implanted in 10 cases of patients. RESULTS: All 14 patients were cured with normal intraocular pressure, normal anterior chamber depth and increased visual acuity. CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification with posterior chamber foldable intraocular lens implantation is a good alternative in treating malignant glaucoma.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Iris melanomas. A retrospective study of 11 patients treated by surgical excision].

INTRODUCTION: Iris melanoma, even when a malignant tumor, has a slow progressive course. Surgical treatment is easy because of localization of the tumor but can be accompanied by a range of complications, from photophobia to cosmetic problems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the records of 11 patients with iris melanoma treated by surgical excision with posterior limbus incision. Conventional iridectomy was performed in nine cases and iridocyclectomy in two cases. RESULTS: There were seven females and four males ranging in age from 27 to 76 years. Histologically, 10 tumors were composed of B spindle cells and one was mixed. For all patients, followed up for 1-5 years, final visual acuity was more than 6/10. One patient complained of photophobia and cataract developed in one 76-year-old woman at the end of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Because of the good prognosis of iris melanoma, conservative treatment can be given in most of cases (without local complications). Surgical resection confirms diagnosis after histopathological examination, with good final functional result thanks to scleral tunnel incision, which induces less astigmatism than corneal incisions. In the future, these findings will have to be confirmed by a corneal topography study before and after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Pars plana vitrectomy and primary implantation of silicone oil in the treatment of acute exogenous endophthalmitis in eyes without retinal detachment].

UNLABELLED: Acute exogenous endophthalmitis (AEE) is the most serious post-traumatic or postoperative complication which without immediate treatment leads to amaurosis or anatomical loss of the eye. If comprehensive antibiotic treatment fails immediate pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is indicated. Empirically and later also by laboratory methods the antiinflammatory effect of silicone oil (SO) was revealed. The objective of the present retrospective study is to demonstrate anatomical and functional results of PPV with implantation of SO for AEE on eyes without detachment of the retina. In 1990-2000 the authors operated a total of 22 eyes of 22 patients with AEE. The mean age of the patients was 59.6 years, the mean observation period 35.5 months. In 17 eyes postoperative and in 5 eyes post-traumatic AEE was involved. The mean interval between the original operation and PPV was 20.8 days and between the injury and PPV 5.4 days. In all patients we took at the beginning of PPV specimens of the vitreous body for cultivatin which gave in 63.6% a positive result. The intraocular lens was explanted in 81.8% eyes. After subtotal resection of the vitreous body we implanted SO and in all aphakic eyes we performed iridectomy in no. 6. PPV was completed by administration of vancomycin and ceftazidime into the vitreous space. In 95.4% of the eyes we preserved anatomically the bulbus, in one instance we eviscerated the bulbus three days after failure of PPV (4.6%). In 86.4% the retina remained anatomically attached and in the remaining 9% eyes beneath the SO traction detachment of the retina developed. Visual acuity improved in 72.7% eyes, it remained unchanged in 9.1% eyes and deteriorated in 18.2% eyes. Silicone oil was explanted in 40.9% eyes after a mean interval of 4.6 months following PPV. In the remaining patients we did not indicate explantation of SO, in particular because of the patients' advanced age, CONCLUSION: We recommend PPV and implantation of SO in AEE on eyes without detachment of the retina as the method of choice.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Results of extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation in eyes with uveitis and Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis.

A total of 63 cataractous eyes of 48 patients (group 1) with uveitis and 12 eyes of 12 patients (group 2) with Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis underwent extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with capsular bag fixation of a posterior-chamber intraocular lens (PC OIL). A perioperative regimen of systemic dexamethasone (0.8-1.5 mg/kg) was initiated. This dose was tapered by 20 mg/day, reaching zero within 4-8 days. Intraoperatively, synechiolysis was required in 51 of 63 eyes in group 1 and a sector iridectomy was necessary in 42 eyes. A fibrinous reaction occurred in 7 eyes. During a mean follow-up period of 2 years, 7 eyes developed uveitis recurrences that were successfully treated with topical and systemic steroids in 4 eyes; the other 3 eyes developed cystoid macular edema. Overall, mean visual acuity improved from 20/120 to 20/50. Intraoperatively, 3 patients in group 2 developed a transient hemorrhage from atypical anterior-chamber-angle vessels. Postoperatively, 3 eyes showed a transient fibrinous reaction. The mean visual acuity improved from 20/240 to 20/30. In patients with Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis, ECCE with PC IOL implantation renders good intermediate results. In other selected patients with uveitis, in-the-bag IOL implantation may be performed with an acceptable risk. As judged from their improved visual acuity, 57 of 63 eyes (90.5%) benefited from the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Incidence of acute angle-closure glaucoma in Dalmatia, southern Croatia.

AIM: To investigate the incidence of acute angle-closure glaucoma among residents of Dalmatia, southern part of Croatia. METHODS: We reviewed hospital records of 176 patients with acute angle-closure glaucoma treated between January 1995 and December 2001 at the Departments of Ophthalmology at four hospitals in Dalmatia. There were 122 women, aged between 29 and 89 years (median age; 68 years), and 54 men, aged between 33 and 88 years (median age, 70 years). RESULTS: The unadjusted crude incidence was 2.9/100,000 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-4.5). The unadjusted crude incidence among men and women was 1.9 (95% CI, 0.3-3.8) and 3.9 (95% CI, 1.7-6.1) cases/100,000 per year, respectively. The relative risk (RR) of developing acute angle-closure glaucoma was 2.1 (95% CI, 1.5-2.9) times higher for women as compared to men. The RR of acute angle-closure glaucoma was 1.9 (95% CI, 0.6-6.2) in the 40-49 years group, 6.5 (95% CI, 2.3-18.8) in the 50-59 years group, 17 (95% CI, 6.3-47.8) in the 60-69 years group, and 28 (95% CI, 10.4-77.3) in the over 69 years group. The median time from the onset of symptoms to presentation at the hospital was 2 days (range, 1-15 days). In 87 (48%) patients intraocular pressure control was achieved by medical treatment, 41 (23%) patients underwent peripheral iridectomy, and 48 (27%) patients required a trabeculectomy. In 35 (73%) out of 48 patients managed by filtering surgery, the delay in treatment was 3 or more days. In 34 (19%) eyes with final visual acuity 0.1 or worse, the delay in presentation was 3 days or more. No statistically significant association was found between acute angle-closure glaucoma and seasonal variation (chi-square=0.85; p=0.8). CONCLUSION: Earlier recognition of the patients with acute angle-closure glaucoma and a shorter time of delay in presentation could have saved many patients from surgery and vision loss each decade.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The staging of malignant uveal melanoma].

There have been investigated 30 malignant uveal melanomas hospitalized in the Ophthalmologic Clinic of Craiova during the last 15 years. The disease has developed more frequently among the female sex in a 3/2 proportion, the maximum age ranging between, 40 and 70 years old. As to the localization, 2 were at the level of the iris, 7 at the level of ciliary body and 21 at the choroid level. In anterior localizations tumour extirpation was possible in the 2 cases through iridectomy and in only one case through cyclectomy. Anatomicopathologically, most cases presented mixed-type cells where prevailed the type B fusiform cells and epithelioid cells with big quantitative variations from one zone to another. The tumours detected in an incipient stage benefited from laser photocoagulation or application of CO60 and I125 radioactive disks. In advanced stages enucleation was practised preceded by 2 treatments of radiotherapy for the devitalization of tumorous cells and prevention of metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The variations of intraocular pressure in postpseudophakic implant].

The study represents a statistical analysis effected at a group of hundred patients from a total number of three hundred and thirty-three patients operated at Ophthalmological Clinic of Military Hospital from Sibiu with pseudophakic implant. The crystalline lens were implanted in anterior chamber as well posterior chamber. In 89 per cent was not established an increase of ocular pressure. In 7 per cent it was a transitory hypertension and in four cases was persistent. The most frequent cases were produced through pupillary obstruction, uveal reactions, remainders of crystalline lens and chronic uveitis caused by the implant. The transitory hypertension recovered at specific medical treat, but in the cases with persistent hypertension was necessary another surgical act with iridectomy or removing of the implant.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Experimental evaluation of a posterior chamber lens fixated with Dacron.

A posterior chamber intraocular lens using Dacron fibers to achieve fixation to the iris was studied. The lens was inserted in rabbit eyes following extracapsular lensectomy, and in primate eyes after lensectomy, vitrectomy, and peripheral iridectomy. Surgical implantation of the lenses was simple and quick, and no operative complications occurred. Clinically, no difference was noted in the amount of inflammation in eyes receiving a lens with or without Dacron. None of the lenses implanted in primate eyes dislocated; one placed in a rabbit eye dislocated anteriorly. Postmortem examination demonstrated firm Dacron adherence to iris tissue in all but the one eye with a dislocated lens.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells in injured rat brain tissue].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMDSCs) migrated from blood circulation and resided in the injured brain tissue. METHODS: Brain injury model was established by iridectomy in the right cerebral cortex of female SD rats. Twenty-four hours after brain injury, the female rats received the implantation of green fluorescence protein (GFP)-labeled BMDSCs from male SD rats and were sacrificed at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after the implantation. Fluorescent immunohistochemistry for CD11b and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) on the brain sections was used to detect the GFP-positive cells. RESULTS: One week after the transplantation of the GFP-labeled BMDSCs, 3.53% of the peripheral blood white cells were GFP-positive; at 4 weeks and 8 weeks, a significant number of GFP-positive cells were found at the injury sites, some of which expressed CD11b and others expressed GFAP. CONCLUSION: GFP-labeled BMDSCs can migrate to the injured brain tissue and differentiate into cells that express microglia- and astrocytes-specific antigens.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Progress in pathogenesis and therapeutic research in retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration].

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are designated special targeted eye diseases by the Welfare and Labor Ministry of Japan. We have been studying the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of these diseases. The development of molecular genetic analyses of RP revealed that the type and frequency of mutations varied with the ethnic population. In our present study, we focused on the genetic analysis and clinical examinations for autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP). We screened 96 unrelated ADRP families with 9 genes, which included rhodopsin, peripherin/RDS, RP 1, NRL, FSCN 2, PRPF 31, PRPC 8, HPRP 3, IMPDH 1. We also showed the correlations we have found between the phenotype and genotype of hereditary retinal diseases in Japanese patients. Our mutation screenings suggested that Japanese patients with ADRP might have a unique mutation, because the mutation in the FSCN 2 gene has been found only in Japanese patients. On the other hand, the Pro347Leu and Pro23His mutations in the rhodopsin, the Arg677X mutation in the RP 1, and the Asp226Asn mutation in the IMPDH 1 genes are representative mutations for ADRP, and are not found or are very rare in Japanese patients with ADRP. The results of randomized controlled trials of low-dose radiation for wet-type age-related macular degeneration located at the fovea centralis indicate the effectiveness of this treatment for maintaining visual acuity and regression of choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV) for at least one-year. Simple surgical removal of CNV or transplantation of autologous cultured iris pigment epithelium (IPE) with vitreous surgery showed some improvement of vision. In either RP or AMD, photoreceptors die, in most cases by apoptosis. Neurotrophic factors (NT) are effective for reducing these processes and preventing photoreceptor cell death in animal models. To apply these methods to humans, the procedures are as follows: 1) obtaining IPE by peripheral iridectomy, 2) culturing it with autologous serum and transfecting the cDNA of NT, and then 3) transplantation of these cells under the retina. We used cDNA of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) with adeno-associated virus (AAV) as a vector. These ex vivo procedures were safe and very effective for preventing photoreceptor cell death in animal models, such as RCS rats and light-damaged rats. In the future, these procedures could be applied for RP or AMD and might show some clinical effects for maintaining or improving the vision of patients.

Aging↗
PubMed2005

[Pigmentary glaucoma after implantation of the iris claw intraocular lens].

The authors refer about a female patient with pigmentary glaucoma after implantation of iris claw intraocular negative dioptric power lens. Because of high myopia, eight years ago, a phakic iris claw intraocular negative dioptric power lens was implanted in the right eye and a photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) was performed in the left eye in a 32 years old woman. During the postoperative examinations the patient complained about headaches, and in the right eye elevated intraocular pressure was detected. On the intraocular lens surface, as well as in the anterior chamber angle, a dispersion of pigmented cells was detected and the perimetric examination revealed visual field defects characteristic for glaucoma. Findings in the left eye were normal. In the literature, reports about secondary glaucoma in eye with implanted iris claw lens and functional iridectomy are not so common. With growing number of implanted phakic iris claw intraocular lenses, the long-term follow up of those patients will be useful.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Intraocular pressure values following vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade].

Secondary glaucoma is a relatively common complication after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection for repair of complex retinal detachment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of silicone oil tamponade on intraocular pressure elevation and to identify the mechanism of this elevation. The study included 45 eyes of 45 patients who had undergone pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade for repair of complex retinal detachment. Ophthalmic examination was performed before vitrectomy, and one and six months after vitrectomy. The increase in intraocular pressure was measured one month postoperatively in 37.77% of patients. The mechanism of intraocular pressure increase was silicone oil emulsification in 52.98%, closure of Ando's iridectomy in 23.54%, and idiopathic angle closure glaucoma in 23.54% of patients with elevated intraocular pressure. After silicone oil removal, elevated intraocular pressure persisted in 7 (15.55%) patients; in 5 patients it was controlled medically, while two patients underwent glaucoma surgery. Six months postoperatively 3 patients developed secondary neovascular glaucoma due to the prolipherative ischemic disease. Elevation of intraocular pressure following vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade had a temporary effect, as it did not lead to permament intraocular pressure elevation but regressed after silicone oil removal from the eye.

Glaucoma↗
PubMed1992

Primary angle-closure glaucoma and mononuclear blindness. Clinical pattern in 2 Inuit women from Greenland.

Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) occurs in various clinical forms and is a permanent challenge for medical personnel responsible for eye care in elderly persons, for medical officers in the Arctic in particular. A clinical report is given of two cases: one with a destructive attack of classical acute glaucoma in a 46 year old woman versus another with a totally symptomless, gradual monocular blindness in a woman, aged 56. In both patients the fellow eye showed incipient chamber angle synechia formation. Peripheral iridectomy has given fully normal fellow eye function in the first woman, now for 22 years. The other had a recent YAG laser iridotomy in her fellow eye. The patients are described on the background of PACG population studies performed in Greenland since the 1960'ies, including gonioscopy and extensive anterior chamber depth measurements as attempts of early PACG detection.

Adult↗