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At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Studies on the antilipid peroxidation of nine sorts of Chinese herbal medicines with the function of protecting liver].

The antilipid peroxidation of nine sorts of Chinese herbal medicines with the function of protecting liver, including Salivia miltiorrhiza, Hypericum japonicum, Scutellaria baicalensis, Callicarpa cathayana, Chrysanthemum indicum, Paeonia latiflora, Lysimachia christinae, Ligustrum lucidum (L1), Patrinia villosa (Pv) on hepatic homogenate of rat were tested. It was found that all tested medicines showed inhibition with dose-effect relationship, the inhibitory rate of L1 and Pv were lower than the other's. All results showed that these Chinese herbal medicines have strong antilipid peroxidation and are natural oxidation inhibitor. It was suggested that their function of protecting liver and others have relationship with the antioxidation.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Nitric oxide mediated photo-induced cell death in human malignant cells.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic modality used for the treatment of a variety of solid neoplasms. The principle of PDT is based on the selective uptake of a photosensitizing chemical in tumor tissue/cell followed by irradiation of tumors with visible light. The treatment results in a cascade of oxidative events causing cell death both in vitro and in vivo. Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous free radical, which is an important modulator of immune, endocrine and neuronal functions and plays an important role in the induction of apoptosis. Hypericin (HY) is a photosensitizing pigment from Hypericum perforatum that displays phototoxic effects in neoplastic cell lines. Our previous studies have shown HY induced apoptotic cell death in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and other tumor cells. To better understand the oxidative mechanism of apoptosis induced by HY, we hypothesized the role of NO in PDT, which is considered to be involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. We first demonstrated the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) reactivity, a potential marker of NO synthesizing (NOS) enzyme both at light (LM) and electron microscopic (EM) level. Immunocytochemistry, using specific antibodies for NOS subtypes (constitutive, NOS I and inducible, NOS II), we observed that both NOS I and NOS II was present in all cell lines. The expression of both NOS I and NOS II was further verified using Western blot analysis as early as 15 min post PDT compared to that of drug-treated non-irradiated and light alone treated control cells. Our observation of NO production and distribution using the DAF-2 method is direct evidence of NO production in PDT-treated cells.

Apoptosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neurological syndromes associated with the ingestion of plants and fungi with a toxic component (II). Hallucinogenic fungi and plants, mycotoxins and medicinal herbs].

INTRODUCTION: A wide range of fungi and medicinal herbs, rich in hallucinogenic substances and widely used for mystic and medicinal purposes, can give rise to neurotoxic symptoms. DEVELOPMENT: We review the toxic syndromes that can arise from the ingestion of hallucinogenic fungi, cacti and plants, together with descriptions of cases of acute poisoning resulting from the use of medicinal herbs and from foodstuffs that are contaminated by mycotoxins. A series of different psychedelic fungi belonging to the Psilocybe, Panaeolus and Stropharia genera contain hallucinogenic alkaloids such as psilocybin. Some of the most notable plants displaying hallucinogenic and sedative properties are Papaver somniferum, Erytroxylum sp. and Cannabis sativa. Infusions of ayahuasca are obtained from the lianas and roots of different plants with psychoactive properties, such as Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis, which contain alkaloids derived from tryptamine and from the beta carboline harmala. Peyote, a cactus rich in mescaline, and Claviceps purpurea (a fungus rich in LSD) are strong hallucinogens. We also examine ergotism and mycotoxicosis from Arthrinium sp. Poisoning from mycotoxin containing moulds on sugar cane can give rise to encephalopathy and late dystonia. Some of the more noteworthy medicinal plants for which neurological toxicity has been reported are Hypericum perforatum, kava kava (Piper methysticum), Aconitum sp. and Callilepis laureola. CONCLUSIONS: Because of the increasingly more widespread consumption of herbs and fungi and their potentially neurotoxic effects, in clinical practice there is a need to be aware of the neurological syndromes deriving from their use.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2002

[Effects of the active components of some Chinese herbs on drug metabolizing-enzymes].

OBJECTIVE: To review the effects of the active components of Chinese herbs on drug metabolizing-enzymes. METHOD: Relevant research papers reported in recent years were consulted and studied. RESULT: The drug metabolizing-enzymes cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase and glutathione S-transferase were inhibited or induced by the flavonoids, furocoumarins, and the active components extracted from salvia miltiorrhiza and hypericum perforatum, and so on, which therefore slowed or sped metabolism of other drugs in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION: Much attention should be paid to the metabolic interaction of the Chinese herbs when coadministered with other drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of novoimanine on the cellular permeability indices of staphylococci].

Novoimanine is an antibacterial drug from Hypericum perforatum L. When used in the bacteriostatic concentration, i.e. 0.5 gamma/ml, it induced release of potassium ions from the cells of Staphylococcus aureus 209P and had no effect on release of the UV-absorbing compounds and 14C-amino acids. In addition, incubation of the cells with novoimanine (2.5--50 gamma/ml) provided "preservation" in them of the earlier absorbed 14C-amino acids, while in the control cells their level decreased. In a concentration of 100 gamma/ml novoimanine stimulated activity of ATP-ase and alkaline phosphatase by 34 and 37-57 per cent respectively. Histones F1 and F3 of the calf thymus induced an intensive release of 14C-amino acids from the cells of staphylococci and increased the activity of ATP-ase by 6-10 times. The data of the study suggested that the effect of novoimanine on the cytoplasmic membrane was limited and different from that on the polycationic antibacterial agents.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed2003

[Topical administration of an hyperoxygenated fatty acid compound. Preventive and curative effects on pressure ulcer].

INTRODUCTION: Hyper-oxygenized acidic fats are a very useful topical use product for preventing pressure ulcers and to treat stage I pressure ulcers. Mepentol is a hyper-oxygenized acidic fats product (linoleic acid, gamma linolenic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid and eicosenoic acid) with extracts of Equisetum Avrense and Hypericum Perforatum. It works in three main facets: improve as is possible the epidermis's resistance, repair the damage to the epidermis produced by a prolonged pressure, and restore capillary circulation and counter arrest the effect of oxygen radicals produced during reactive hyperemia which are caused by periods of prolonged pressure. The exclusive formula, based on hyperoxygenized acidic fats and the above referred plant extracts, gives to Mepentol a demonstrated effectiveness, and also special features, like speed of action, great speed of topical absorption and a peculiar fragrance. PATIENTS, MATERIAL AND METHOD: In order to evaluate the tissue level effect of Mepentol, we carried out an experimental research project based on two different objectives: determine the effect at capillary circulation level in heels of healthy volunteers and in patients under risk of developing pressure ulcers, a well as in the treatment of stage I pressure ulcers in patients under high risk of developing pressure ulcers. To do so, the authors determined the capillary blood flow by means of a Doppler laser flow meter. RESULTS: After the application of a hyper-oxygenized acidic fats product, the authors noted an increase of 122.29 +/- 68.74% in flow units related to base values. The authors also observed an increase in microcirculation in heels of patients under high risk of developing pressure ulcers, as well as those who suffer from stage I lesions. These increases remain constant over long periods of time. COMMENTARY: Based on the tests carried out, Mepentol shows an undoubtable effect which improves local circulation in zones under risk of developing pressure ulcers as well as for stage I lesions; this supports the use of this product as a preventive measure against pressure ulcers and as treatment for stage I lesions.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2004

[States of nervousness. Useful medicinal plants].

The author analyzes the effects of diverse medicinal plants such as poppy (papaver somniferum), Hawthorn, hypericum, and hops on those moderate nervous states which provoke insomnia, anxiety, or excitement as a complementary method to aid a patient overcome those states.

Anxiety↗
PubMed2004

The Effect of Natural Mulches on Crop Performance, Weed Suppression and Biochemical Constituents of Catnip and St. John's Wort.

Because of expanding markets for high-value niche crops, opportunities have increased for the production of medicinal herbs in the USA. An experiment was conducted in 2001 and 2002 near Gilbert, IA, to study crop performance, weed suppression, and environmental conditions associated with the use of several organic mulches in the production of two herbs, catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) and St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L. 'Helos'). Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design and included a positive (hand-weeded) control, a negative (nonweeded) control, oat straw, a flax straw mat, and a nonwoven wool mat. Catnip plant height was significantly greater in the oat straw than the other treatments at 4 wk through 6 wk in 2001; at 4 to 8 wk in 2002, catnip plant height and width was significantly lower in the negative control compared with the other treatments. Catnip yield was significantly higher in the flax straw mat than all other treatments in 2001. In 2002, St. John's wort yields were not statistically different in any treatments. All weed management treatments had significantly fewer weeds than the non-weeded rows in 2002. Total weed density comparisons in each crop from 2 yr showed fewer weeds present in the flax straw and wool mat treatments compared with positive control plots. There was no significant weed management treatment effect on the concentration of the target compounds, nepetalactone in catnip and pseudohypericin-hypericin in St. John's wort, although there was a trend toward higher concentrations in the flax straw treatment.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1981

[Anti-inflammatory action of a group of plant extracts].

Use was made of Wistar albino rats in which an inflammation was induced via the simultaneous injection of caraginan and prostaglandin E1 in order to evaluate the antiinflammatory activity of 6 freeze dried plant extracts. It was found that with such model of inflammation the inflammatory effect of caraginan was strongly enhanced, which was accompanied by the rapid and prolific white blood cell extravasates. The freeze-dried extracts of St. John's-wort (Hypericum perforatum L.), potmarigold calendula (Calendula officinalis L.), camomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) and plantain (Plantago lanceolata L. et Pl. major L.) were found to suppress both the inflammatory effect and the leukocyte infiltration. The extracts of symphytum (Symphytum officinale L.) and those of flax seed (Linum usitatissimum L.) did not inhibit the inflammation, however, they suppressed the leukocyte infiltration at the 3rd and 4th hour of the induced inflammation.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1981

[Uterotonic action of extracts from a group of medicinal plants].

Water extracts (infusions) from a group of medicinal plants were studied in terms of their activity enhancing the uterine tonus in a series of experiments with a preparation of an isolated rabbit and guinea pig uterine horn. In a final extract concentration of 1 to 2 mg crude drug per 1 cm3 the plants ranked in the following descending order with regard to their tonus-raising effect on the uterus: camomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), potmarigold calendula (Calendula officinalis L.) cockscomb (Celosia cristata L.), plantain (Plantago lanceolata L. et Plantago major L.), symphytum (Symphytum officinale L.), shepherdspurse (Capsella bursa pastoris L.), St.-John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.). No effect showed the infusions of flax seeds (Linum usitatissimum L.) and bearberry leaves (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi L.). The combined preparation 'Antiinflamin', consisting of a pooled freeze-dried extract from three plants and chemotherapeutic agents produced a good enhancing effect, in the form of 'comprets' for intrauterine application at the rate of one compret per 2500 cm3.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[St. John's wort as antidepressive therapy].

St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) has been used to treat a variety of complaints since ancient times. Recent studies have shown that it is clinically effective for the treatment of the symptoms of depression. It has proved superior to placebo, equally as effective as standard medication and has a clear advantage over the latter in terms of side-effects. It follows that, on the basis of our present knowledge, St. John's Wort can be recommended for use as an anti-depressant.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of medicinal herbs on lymphocyte rosette-forming function].

The blood samples from ENT patients with immunodeficiency were used in an in vitro trial of some herbs effect on T-lymphocyte rosette formation. Out of 10% infusions made of Hypericum L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Chelidonium L., Salvia officinalis L., Mentha L., stimulation of rosette formation was recorded only after introduction of Matricaria chamomilla L. and Chelidonium L. infusions.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Phytoperfusion of the bladder after adenomectomy].

For continuous irrigation of the bladder after prostatic adenomectomy herb infusion (Urtica dioica L. 12-15 g/l, Hypericum perforatum L. 8-12 g/l. Marticaria recutita L. 8-10 g/l, folia Plantaginis majoris 7-10 g/l, Herba Millefolii 4-6 g/l, folia Betula 3-5 g/l. Artemisia vulgaris L. 1-2 g/l, folia Fragaria vesca 3-4 g/l, water 11 maximum) was dripped through a thin suprapubic and urethral drainages. Such phytoperfusion of the urinary bladder used in 22 patients reduced postoperative blood loss, bacteriuria, prevented hemorrhagic and purulent inflammation following adenomectomy. Side systemic effects were not reported.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

NCDEU update. Natural product formulations available in europe for psychotropic indications.

Until the middle of this century, development of medical treatment for human disease was intimately connected with the plant kingdom. Despite advances of the last three decades in utilizing chemical synthetic approaches to drug design and sophisticated structure-activity studies, there is still a great need for novel compounds with unique mechanisms of action in the field of medicine. While many thousands of structural analogs have been synthesized and tested, numerous gaps remain in the therapeutic armamentarium for psychiatric illnesses. Most new drugs marketed for psychotherapeutic indications in recent years have been only incremental improvements on existing medications. Major breakthroughs have resulted primarily from the study of natural products. Some of our most valuable drugs have been isolated from plant and animal sources, including aspirin, morphine, reserpine (the first antipsychotic), almost all of our antibiotics, digitalis, and such anti-cancer agents as vincristine, vinblastine, and taxol. Recent political and social events suggest that new emphasis will be placed on natural products research in the years to come. This article highlights therapeutic applications of Ginkgo biloba, Hypericum perforatum, Valerian officinalis, and Panex ginseng.

Europe↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antioxidant properties of a series of extracts from medicinal plants].

Investigation of antioxidant properties of some plants was carried out. A group of plants affected human central nervous system was studied in detail. Efficiency of plants as antioxidants was tested by the influence of their extracts on the yield of photochemiluminescence of Gly-Trp solutions. Antioxidant properties were examined under conditions when their own absorption was minimized. Riboflavin as additional sensitizer was used in this experiment for superoxide generation. The antioxidant effect was evaluated with regard to single dose of plant extracts and their concentration in human organism. The effect decreases in the following consequence: Hypericum > Eleutherococcus > Rhodiola > Leonurus > Aralia > Valeriana > Echinopanax > Schizandra > Panax gin-seng.

Antioxidants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Photosensitizing and photoprotective properties of extracts from groups of medicinal plants].

Investigation of photosensitization and photoprotection induced by plant extracts was carried out. A group of plants affected human central nervous system was studied in detail. Efficiency of plants as photoprotectors and photosensitizers was tested in the frame of the influence of their extracts on the yield of photochemiluminescence of Gly-Trp solutions. Photosensitization was studied under irradiation with light lambda > 280 nm and lambda > 320 nm, as well as with monochromatic light lambda=313, 365, 405 and 436 nm. All of the plants studied acted as photoprotectors in low concentration and as photosensitizers in high concentration. The efficiency of photoprotection and photosensitization was evaluated with regard to single dose of plant extracts and their concentration in human organism. The effect decreases in the following consequence of plants: Leonurus > Hypericum > Aralia > Schizandra > Echinopanax > Eleutherococcus > Valeriana > Panax ginseng. Photosensitization is due to the components of plant extracts which have strong absorbtion at the high wavelength range. The mechanism of photosensitization was suggested. Singlet oxygen generated by photoexcited compounds is the main species resulted in chemiluminescence. Superoxide radicals does not contribute significantly to the chemiluminescence formation.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antioxidant properties of plant extracts].

Investigation of antioxidant properties of some plants was carried out. A group of plants exhibited antimicrobial activity was studied in detail. Efficiency of plants as antioxidants was tested by the influence of their extracts on the yield of photochemiluminescence of Gly-Trp solutions. Antioxidant properties were examined under conditions when their own absorption was minimized. Riboflavin as additional sensitizer was used in this experiment for superoxide generation. The antioxidant effect was evaluated with regard to single dose of plant extracts and their concentration in human organism. The effect decreases in the following consequence: Hypericum perforatum > Potentilla erectra > Ledum palustre > Plantago major > Salvia officinalis > Chamomilla recutita > Arctostaphylos uva.

Antioxidants↗