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At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Intraluminal ultrasound imaging of the fallopian tube wall: results of standardized in vitro investigations of pig and human tubal specimens.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate to what extent anatomic structures of the tubal wall can be identified reproducibly and whether altered areas can be detected and delimited by intraluminal ultrasound. DESIGN: Standardized in vitro experiment with descriptive evaluation of findings, comparative analysis of apparative and morphologic data, and determination of interobserver variability (video documentation, blinded reviewer). SETTING: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Germany. SPECIMEN(S): Seventy-two human and pig fallopian tubes. INTERVENTION(S): Catheterization with a 2.9F or 3.2F ultrasound catheter and sonographic depiction of the fallopian tube, with either simultaneous manual and sonographic wall-thickness measurement or coagulation of the tubal wall. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): A correlation coefficient of r = 0.76 for manual and sonographic tubal wall measurements and K = 0.88 (with 95% confidence interval of 0.74-1.0) for interobserver variability in recognizing coagulated areas. RESULT(S): Tubal wall anatomy and artificially altered (coagulated) areas were displayed reproducibly with intraluminal ultrasound, thus giving a characteristic, recognizable pattern of the tubal wall. CONCLUSION(S): These in vitro experiments provide evidence that intraluminal ultrasound may expand the current diagnostic possibilities in cases of tubal pathology, providing nonsurgical access to the tubal wall.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Transvaginal contrast hysterosalpingo-sonography with the B-image procedure and color-coded duplex sonography for the assessment of fallopian tube patency].

Transvaginal hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography (HYCOSY), a new method for the direct assessment of tubal patency by means of ultrasonography, was employed in 68 women with infertility problems. In 67 cases, the findings were compared with hysterosal-pinography or chromolaparoscopy, performed either subsequently while the patient was still under the anaesthetic or later. The contrast demonstration of the Fallopian tubes was performed with the B mode procedure in 54 cases (Group 1) and by means of colour-coded duplex sonography in 14 (Group 2). In Group 1, the findings agreed completely in 39 cases, partially in 14 and not at all in one. In Group 2, in which 13 of the 14 cases were compared, the findings were identical in 9 cases and partially in 4. From the point of view of image documentation, the more vivid demonstration of free tubal passage in colour Doppler sonography compared to the simple B mode appears to be an advantage. Further studies are needed to determine whether contrast-perfused but dislocated tubes can be detected more easily and quickly with colour Doppler than in B mode.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Post-hysterectomy carcinoma of the fallopian tube mimicking a vesicovaginal fistula.

A 49-year-old woman presented with a profuse watery vaginal discharge 16 years after a vaginal hysterectomy. Pelvic examination revealed clear fluid leaking from the vaginal apex. Cytologic evaluation of the draining fluid was normal, as was a biopsy of the vaginal apex. A vesicovaginal fistula was suspected. Intravenous pyelogram and cystogram did not reveal communication of the urinary tract with the fistula. Injection of radiopaque dye through the fistula tract demonstrated a 5-7-cm enclosed cystic space with a 4-cm pedunculated mass within the cyst lumen. Exploratory surgery revealed fallopian tube carcinoma involving the right tube. The tumor mass was completely excised, and there was no evidence of spread beyond the encapsulated cystic fallopian tube. The woman was treated with six cycles of cisplatin combination chemotherapy, and after 5 years remains free of disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Lymphoid tissue of the normal fallopian tube--a form of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)?

Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is a specialized form of peripheral lymphoid tissue which is found in mucosal surfaces directly or indirectly exposed to the environment. Using immunohistological labeling techniques and electron microscopy, we have explored the possibility that MALT exists in the normal fallopian tube. Immunohistological analysis has demonstrated a striking degree of uniformity in the phenotype of intraepithelial lymphocytes with a predominance of T-lymphocytes of T-cytotoxic/suppressor subtype. Occasional intraepithelial macrophages are also present, but B-cells, T-helper cells, and natural killer cells are absent or are rarely found in the epithelium. Electron microscopy has provided morphological evidence of an interaction between epithelial cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes. The opposing plasma membranes of these two cell types are arranged in the form of complex interdigitations and laminations. These striking arrangements substantially increase the total area of contact between the two cell types. We conclude that MALT does exist in the fallopian tube and that epithelial cells form an integral part of the system. A hypothetical view of the relationship between these cell types is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Meigs' syndrome associated with adenocarcinoma of the left fallopian tube].

A 52-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with dyspnea on exertion and a feeling of abdominal fullness. Chest radiographs revealed a moderate bilateral pleural effusion. Examination of the effusion was in conclusive. Thoracoscopy and thoracic computed tomography (CT) failed to provide evidence pertaining to the etiology of the recurrent effusion. Elevation of serum CA-125 levels suggested the presence of an intrapelvic tumor, which was substantiated by pelvic CT. Laparotomy revealed a small amount of ascites. The resected specimen revealed a tumor of the left fallopian tube, which was histologically to be poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The pleural effusion disappeared after removal of the tumor and Meigs' syndrome was subsequently diagnosed. Primary fallopian tube adenocarcinoma is a rare cause of Meigs' syndrome.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Human fallopian tube expresses granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and GM-CSF alpha and beta receptors and contain immunoreactive GM-CSF protein.

Using specific primers, 35S-40mer oligonucleotide probe and monoclonal antibody, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemical observations respectively revealed that human fallopian tube expresses granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA and protein, as well as GM-CSF alpha and beta receptors mRNA. The RT-PCR products revealed the predicted 286, 546 and 380 bp fragments for GM-CSF, GM-CSF alpha receptor and GM-CSF beta receptor respectively, which were further verified by restriction enzyme digestion analysis. Tubal epithelial cells in the ampullary and isthmus regions (ciliated and nonciliated) are the primary site of GM-CSF mRNA expression and its immunoreactive gene product, and present to a lesser extent in tubal stromal, smooth muscle, and arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells. The in situ hybridization and immunostaining observations indicated that the expression of GM-CSF mRNA and protein appeared to be cycle dependent and considerably higher during mid-late proliferative and early-mid secretory, than early proliferative and reduced at late secretory phases of the menstrual cycle and postmenopausal period. The results demonstrate for the first time that human fallopian tube expresses GM-CSF and its alpha and beta receptors mRNA and contains the immunoreactive gene product for GM-CSF, and may be potentially regulated by ovarian steroids. The results imply the importance of GM-CSF in a variety of tubal functions and possibly the early embryonic development.

DNA Restriction Enzymes↗
PubMed1989

[A peculiar abnormality of the fallopian tube: induced by embryonic kidney tumor?].

A 17-year-old female with severe pain of the midabdomen was found to have a retroperitoneal cystic tumor, an ectopic ovary and a fallopian tube without fimbriated end. An attempt is made to determine whether these early embryonic malformations could be traced to a common origin. This is possible provided that the tumor is regarded as a mesonephroma. A histological study of the normal development of the Mullerian duct was performed utilizing human embryonic series. Previous development theories and more recent investigations are discussed. Malformations of the tube described in the literature and possible etiologies are summarized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[The possibility of a third fallopian tube].

This paper presents the case report of a woman with a third Fallopian tube, a rarity in the world literature. The occurrence was confirmed by X-ray (hysterosalpingography) and histological examination of the adnexae after hysterectomy 10 years later.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A rare case of IUD expulsion through the fallopian tube.

This case report describes the expulsion of an IUD (Gravigard) through the Fallopian tube. Such a phenomenon has been suggested earlier but never reported. It is concluded that the shape of the IUD is of importance for such a route of expulsion.

Adult↗
PubMed2007

The distal fallopian tube: a new model for pelvic serous carcinogenesis.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Research over the past 50 years has yielded little concrete information on the source of pelvic serous cancer in women, creating a knowledge gap that has adversely influenced our ability to identify, remove or prevent the earliest stages of the most lethal form of ovarian cancer. RECENT FINDINGS: The distal fallopian tube is emerging as an established source of many early serous carcinomas in women with BRCA mutations (BRCA+). Protocols examining the fimbrial (SEE-FIM) end have revealed a noninvasive but potentially lethal form of tubal carcinoma, designated tubal intraepithelial carcinoma. Tubal intraepithelial carcinoma is present in many women with presumed ovarian or peritoneal serous cancer. A candidate precursor to tubal intraepithelial carcinoma, entitled the 'p53 signature', suggests that molecular events associated with serous cancer (p53 mutations) may be detected in benign mucosa. SUMMARY: A fully characterized precursor lesion is a first and necessary step to pelvic serous cancer prevention. The emerging data offer compelling evidence for a model of 'fimbrial-ovarian' serous neoplasia, and call attention to the distal fallopian tube as an important source for this disease, the study of which could clarify pathways to cancer in both organs and generate novel strategies for cancer prevention.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1998

The expression of alpha(v) and beta3 integrin subunits in the normal human Fallopian tube epithelium suggests the occurrence of a tubal implantation window.

The co-expression of alpha1beta1, alpha4beta1 and alphavbeta3 integrins in the human endometrium coincides with the implantation window. The alphavbeta3 integrin is expressed in the apical surface of the luminal epithelium and may serve to anchor trophoblast cells in the adhesion phase of implantation. Using immunohistochemistry, we compared the expression of alphav, alpha1, alpha4 and beta3 integrin subunits in samples of normal human Fallopian tube and endometrium obtained from five women in the non-receptive period (luteal phase days 2-4) and from another five women in the receptive period (luteal phase days 6-8). The staining was quantified visually on a scale of 0 to ++, according to the intensity and density of stained cells. The alphav subunit is expressed in the Fallopian tube epithelium during both periods in a pericellular distribution. The beta3 subunit is also expressed in the same location, but it is up-regulated during the period of endometrial receptivity. The other subunits are expressed in localizations which are not relevant to trophoblast adhesion and exhibit little or no difference in the level of expression between the non-receptive and receptive periods. Based on these results we postulate that the expression of the beta3 subunit in the human tubal epithelium is under the same systemic controlling signals as in the endometrium and that the normal tubal epithelium may have an implantation window, at about the same time as the endometrium, that affords the opportunity for trophoblast attachment should a 5-7 day embryo be unduly retained in the tube.

Antigens, CD↗