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At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Studies of otoconial development in a "giant-crystal" strain of chicks using scanning electron microscopy, polarized light microscopy, and X-ray crystallography.

Otolith formation was studied in a mutant strain of low-fertility Delaware chicks which exhibit an otolithic defect. In all chicks of this strain, otoliths were present as a fused crystal mass which contained abnormally large (giant) otoconia. Studies of the formation of such otoliths during embryonic development revealed that from the very earliest stages the otoconia were much larger than normal, and in the saccular and utricular otoliths formed a fused mass. These results are interpreted as supporting a hypothesis of the de novo formation of giant otoconia in this giant-crystal strain as opposed to the recrystallization hypothesis proposed for other, dissimilar mutant mammals and birds which also produce giant otoconia.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human antirabies treatment in the United States, 1972.

Data were examined on 965 persons treated in six States (Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, North Dakota, and South Carolina) and New York City in 1972 for possible rabies exposure. Males 10-19 years were found to be the group at greatest risk, and exposures occurred most frequently during the warm months. Dogs, other domestic animals, and wildlife were about equally responsible for human exposures in the six States, but 99% of the exposures in New York City involved dogs. Antirabies postexposure prophylaxis varied markedly among reporting areas and frequently did not follow current recommendations. The mean delay in initiation of treatment after exposure was 4 1/2 days. The mean number of doses of vaccine for treatment was 12; only 10% of the persons treated received antirabies serum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Organochlorine and heavy metal residues in black duck eggs from the Atlantic Flyway, 1978.

Black duck (Anas rubripes) eggs were collected during 1978 in the Atlantic Flyway. One egg from each of 49 clutches was analyzed for organochlorine compounds and mercury. DDE was detected in 39 eggs, ranging from 0.09 ppm to 3.4 ppm, wet weight. DDE residues were highest in eggs from Delaware, where the mean DDE level was 2.0 ppm. DDT and TDE were present at low levels in only five and four eggs, respectively. PCBs resembling Aroclor 1260 were detected in 24 eggs and ranged from 0.43 ppm to 2.9 ppm. Eggs from Massachusetts and Rhode Island contained an average of greater than 1.0 ppm PCBs, but eggs from Nova Scotia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia contained no detectable PCBs. Dieldrin, oxychlordane, and heptachlor epoxide were present in a few samples at low levels. Mercury was detected in 31 eggs, ranging from 0.07 ppm to 0.34 ppm, wet weight. Twenty eggs analyzed for chromium, copper, and arsenic contained averages of 0.64 ppm, 1.7 ppm, and 0.18 ppm, respectively. No geographic pattern was observed in these metal residue levels. Eggshell thickness (0.347 mm) was identical to the pre-1946 norm.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Differentiation of Salmonella gallinarum rough and smooth strains using gas chromatography analysis of their cell-bound fatty acids].

The whole cell fatty acids of 7 field isolates of smooth (S)-type S. Gallinarum strains and 3 isolates of rough (R)-type S. Gallinarum strain 9R were determined by the liquid-gas-chromatography using the Microbial Identification System (MIS, Microbial ID, Inc. [MIDI, Newark, Delaware USA]). The profiles of the bacterial cellular fatty acids of the S- and R-type isolates differ in the number as well as in the quantity of the fatty acids. On the basis of these differences the S-type isolates could be distinguished from the R-type cultures.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Appropriateness of assertive case management for drug-involved prison releasees.

Assertive case management models have been used successfully in both social work and mental health settings and, most recently, in the substance abuse field. This article reports on the application of an assertive case management model with drug-involved parolees in Delaware. Because of a variety of factors, the evaluation proved to be less than an ideal test of the effectiveness of the case management approach. Although there were some modest effects on reducing relapse to drug use, it appears that assertive case management is of limited value for clients who are not merely unable to access services, but who are often quite assertive in their unwillingness to make use of these services.

Assertiveness↗
PubMed1994

Tribal education: reflections from the Pine Ridge Indian reservation.

Attracting and retaining Native American nursing students is crucially important to the health and well-being of Native American populations. Tribal institutions of higher education are doing excellent work, but their continued progress depends on an awareness of their successes, difficulties and functional requirements. This article shares the authors' experiences in teaching nursing Oglala Lakota College's associate degree program on the Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota, an area approximately the size of the State of Delaware. The authors wish to alert the larger nursing community to some of the educational and health care needs and issues of this population, to communicate the importance of the work of tribal nursing programs and to illustrate the experience as an opportunity for nurses who are interested in multicultural development.

Cultural Characteristics↗
PubMed1994

Patient education: renal osteodystrophy and adequacy of dialysis.

At The Kidney Center of Delaware County in Southeastern Pennsylvania, tools were developed that address adequacy of dialysis and renal osteodystrophy. Team members use the tools to provide quality care and education of patients. In this article, the tools, their use, and their benefits, are discussed.

Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collaboration of a public child welfare agency and a school of social work: a clinical group supervision project.

As an addition to the growing literature on school of social work/child welfare agency collaborations, this article describes a clinical group supervision arrangement between Children and Youth Services of Delaware County, Pennsylvania, and the master of social work program at Widener University's Center for Social Work Education in Chester, Pennsylvania. Six students who were also employees of the department received clinical group supervision every other week by a faculty member of the center. The process of initiating the group, the supervision issues that emerged, the articulation and application of a model of child-centered family treatment, and preliminary results from the use of a Skill-Level Self-Rating scale are presented and discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

Electronic document delivery using the Internet.

The Health Sciences Libraries Consortium (HSLC) was established in 1985 by thirteen founding member institutions in Pennsylvania and Delaware. In 1989, the Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery, and Union List Task Force, appointed by the HSLC Board of Directors, successfully demonstrated the feasibility of supplying 94% of all interlibrary loan (ILL) photocopy requests in forty-eight hours or less by a network application of group 3-level memory telefacsimiles. However, the expenses associated with the telefacsimile operation and the limitations associated with network polling protocols challenged participants to seek new alternatives for ILL. In 1990, the HSLC introduced HSLC HealthNET, an online wide-area network linking eleven of the thirteen institutions and their resources while providing access to the Internet. The HSLC HealthNET additionally supports a centralized shared library system, several locally mounted databases, and consortiumwide electronic mail. In 1991, a project was initiated to evaluate Ariel software, pioneered by the Research Libraries Group (RLG), compared to the existing network application of group 3-level telefacsimiles. Factors identified as critical to Ariel's potential to replace the telefacsimile network were the proprietary software specifications for Internet access, the use of HSLC's existing wide-area network (WAN), and a hardware platform that was optimal for an ILL environment. This article describes the Ariel project history, the transition to Ariel from the telefacsimile network, evaluation of equipment features for processing efficiency, and operational issues affecting ILL policy.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1994

The Health Care Quality Improvement Program: the WVMI returns to its founding mission.

The Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) has launched and ambitious new program for Peer Review Organizations (PROs) called the Health Care Quality Improvement Program (HCQIP). The goal of HCQIP is to improve the quality of care for all Medicare beneficiaries through cooperative interaction between PROs, providers, and physicians. The West Virginia Medical Institute, which serves as the PRO for West Virginia and Delaware, has recently begun to implement the changes required by HCQIP. This article explains the various approaches WVMI will use to achieve the health care improvement goals set forth by HCFA.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1994

Video-assisted thoracic surgery: experience with 126 cases.

VATS was performed in 126 patients at the Medical Center of Delaware from December 1991 to August 1993, with no major complications and no mortality. A definitive diagnosis was made in all cases. Results with VATS therapeutic procedures appear to equal those of the standard open technique. Operating time was comparable to that with the open technique. Length of stay and pain and suffering were dramatically reduced when compared with those associated with the open technique. We now consider VATS to be the preferred procedure in cases of: 1. Undiagnosed pulmonary infiltrate in the nonventilator-dependent patient 2. Indeterminate pulmonary nodule 3. Undiagnosed disease of the pleural space 4. Recurrent or persistent pneumothorax 5. Mediastinal or pericardial cystic tumors 6. Thoracic sympathectomy 7. Selected patients requiring esophagocardiomyotomy. The utilization of VATS for resection of a pulmonary mass in patients with cardiopulmonary compromise (i.e., FEV < 1) is being studied. Further development of this technique and expansion to formal pulmonary resection and cardiovascular procedures must follow the philosophy presented in our conclusion. The place of VATS in the management of penetrating thoracic trauma has been studied at several centers, with excellent results when precise guidelines have been followed. Obviously, one-lung anesthesia is not well tolerated when a patient is in profound shock, but if the patient can be stabilized before thoracotomy, the introduction of a camera to diagnose a carotid or internal mammary artery laceration or to staple an easily accessible pulmonary tear could obviate the need for a thoracotomy and its consequences for the patient. Again, as in all surgical operations, common sense and good judgment must prevail.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Results of an antismoking media campaign utilizing the Cancer Information Service.

In this paper, results are presented on the response to an antismoking media campaign designed to encourage women cigarette smokers with young children to call for information on quitting. The intervention campaign used a mix of professionally produced broadcast and print materials that encouraged smokers to call the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Information Service (CIS) for information on quitting. The campaign was implemented in seven media markets in New York state, Pennsylvania, and Delaware; each of these markets was paired with a control market in one of the three states. Response to the campaign was gauged by monitoring calls to the New York and Pennsylvania area CIS offices from smokers residing in intervention and control media markets. Results from the 46-week campaign show that the number of calls for smoking-cessation information was five times greater from intervention markets than from control markets. The campaign also was successful in reaching the target audience of mothers of young children. Twenty-nine percent of calls received from intervention markets were from the target audience compared with 10% from the control markets. Forty-four percent of all calls received from intervention markets came during a 5-week period when time was purchased to air television spots.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Antisubstitution law changes and the hospital formulary system.

The effects of amendments to state antisubstitution laws on the hospital formulary system are discussed. The approaches of four states--California, Michigan, Minnesota and Delaware--are reviewed. It is concluded that the legal basis of the hospital formulary system remains intact regardless of the changes in state antisubstitution laws.

California↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serological responses in Lyme disease: the influence of sex, age, and environment.

In the laboratory, the serodiagnosis of Lyme disease is a difficult decision, especially in early disease. The variability in the immune response to the Borrelia burgdorferi spirochete and the lack of specificity and sensitivity of commercial assays for the detection of antibodies in early disease have contributed to the difficulty of serodiagnosis. This study examines the serological data of over 20,000 serum specimens submitted for enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and/or Western Blot analysis to detect IgM and IgG antibodies to the Lyme spirochete. These samples were submitted to SmithKline Beecham Clinical Laboratories in Philadelphia from the five state region of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, and Massachusetts. These areas of the northeastern United States are considered endemic for infestation with the Borrelia burgdorferi spirochete and its vector, the deer tick. Samples were examined by positivity rate for ELISA and/or Western Blot Analysis (WBA). Specimens were broken down by age (greater than or equal to 13 years and less than 12 years) sex (male versus female), State (NY, NJ, PA, DE, MA), and by month of submission. Using the established criteria of the manufacturers for a positive response, these studies demonstrate an overall positivity rate for ELISA testing at 5.2 percent, while WBA alone had a positivity rate of 1.6 percent. Specimens examined by both ELISA and WBA had a positivity rate of 1.0 percent. Females > or = 13 years of age had the highest positivity rate of 8.5 percent on ELISA testing, while females < or = 12 years gave a positive reaction in 2.6 percent of the samples.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against variant A infectious bursal disease virus.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced against a variant subtype of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) from Delaware variant isolate A (Var-A). Splenocytes from immunized mice were fused to myeloma cells, and antibody-producing hybridomas were screened by dot-blot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence (IF) against the homologous isolate. Specificity of the MAbs was tested against viral isolates representing all six serologic subtypes of IBDV and three untyped IBDVs--GLS, Ark, and Miss--found in serotype 1 by dot-blot ELISA and IF. The MAb G11 recognized all isolates, whereas H7 did not recognize two viruses in subtype 1, the Lukert strain and APHIS. MAbs G11 and H7 were not neutralizing and identified both the precursor proteins (VP2a) and protein product (VP2b of VP2) in Western immunoblots. Results showed an antigenic determinant in IBDV isolates and antigenic variation between subtype 1 viruses and other subtypes. This confirms and extends previous work that showed that IBDVs evolved from subtype 1 by alteration or substitution of antigenic sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Surveillance of deaths attributed to a Nor'easter--December 1992.

During December 10-13, 1992, a severe weather system of snow, sleet, rain, and high winds struck Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, and West Virginia. The highest recorded winds from this winter storm, called a nor'easter, were 80 miles per hour (mph) gusts at Cape May, New Jersey, with sustained winds of 20-30 mph. The tidal surge was 1-4 feet above normal, and wave heights were 20-25 feet near the shore. The 24-hour snowfall was 27 inches in the hills west of Boston. Flooding was recorded at 4-5 feet in both Boston and New York City. In the Berkshire Mountains in western Massachusetts, 4 feet of snow fell, with drifts as high as 10 feet. This report summarizes findings of surveillance for deaths associated with this storm and is based on information obtained from medical examiner (ME) offices.

Disasters↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Family satisfaction and affect of men and their wives after myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVE: To describe (1) the affect of patients who have had a myocardial infarction and their spouses during hospitalization, (2) the correlation between patient and spouse on affect and satisfaction with family function, and (3) the relationship between satisfaction with family function and affect for both patient and spouse. DESIGN: Descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional. SETTING: Five hospitals in the Delaware Valley: four were community based and one was a university medical center. PATIENTS: Thirty-five couples who were married and living together. Patients were men with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction without renal, vascular, cerebral, or pulmonary complications who had been transferred from the cardiac care unit before being discharged. MEASURES: The patient completed the medical and demographic data form. Both patient and spouse completed the Family APGAR, a five-item questionnaire designed to give a rapid overview of satisfaction with the functional status of either a nuclear or alternative lifestyle family, and the Affects Balance Scale, a 40-item adjective mood scale that measures positive affect states, negative affect states, and the balance between them. RESULTS: Both patients and spouses experienced considerable negative affect and reduced positive affect during hospitalization when compared with the norms for nonclinical subjects. Patients and spouses were highly correlated on both measures, particularly for satisfaction with family function and positive affect (p < 0.01). Positive affect and satisfaction with family function were significantly positively correlated for spouses (p < 0.05). Additionally, it was found that both patients (p = 0.001) and spouses (p = 0.032) who were married longer were more satisfied with family function and that older patients reported more positive affect (p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: Both male patients who have had a myocardial infarction and their spouses experienced considerable emotional distress during hospitalization, with the implications that assessment should focus on the family unit as well as the individual and that interventions be directed toward emotional as well as physical symptomatology. The results of this study also suggest that female spouses with lower satisfaction with family function and younger male patients may be at greater risk for higher levels of negative affect.

Affect↗
PubMed1995

Dental hygienists' information seeking and computer application behavior.

A questionnaire requesting information on information seeking, critical analysis, and computer applications was returned in 1992 by 136 of 197 (69 percent) currently licensed dental hygienists residing in Alaska, Delaware, and Idaho. The most common sources used for professional development and information retrieval were continuing education courses, discussions with colleagues, and journals. The respondents' own experience, credibility of the journal, and discussions with colleagues were the most frequent methods used to evaluate professional information. Many hygienists owned or had access to a computer, yet they rarely conducted online database searches to obtain professional information. The computer was primarily used to perform business functions rather than for clinical applications in these dental hygienists' employment settings. The majority of these hygienists were interested in attending related continuing education courses and indicated that computer skills should be part of dental hygiene curricula.

Adult↗